5,869 results match your criteria: "EEG in Status Epilepticus"
Article Synopsis
- Continuous EEG monitoring (cEEG) allows for the tracking of EEG patterns in patients with acute brain injuries, but detailed trends during this phase have not been thoroughly studied.
- A retrospective review of 101 patients who underwent cEEG highlighted a significant percentage showing improvement or resolution of epileptic EEG findings by discharge, although certain patterns like lateralized periodic discharges persisted or worsened.
- The findings suggest a general trend towards normalization of most epileptiform patterns over time, indicating a need for further exploration of their clinical implications regarding treatment and patient outcomes.
Refractory status epilepticus seen in the early phase of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
BMJ Case Rep
November 2024
Neurology, Northampton General Hospital NHS Trust, Northampton, Northamptonshire, UK.
Article Synopsis
- A 60-something male patient experienced worsening symptoms like confusion, paranoia, cognitive decline, and myoclonus, all while having a history of paranoid schizophrenia.
- Extensive medical tests, including blood work and brain scans (MRI), did not provide clear answers but showed abnormal brain activity and damage in specific areas.
- An electroencephalogram (EEG) revealed abnormal sharp wave discharges, indicating the patient was likely in a state of status epilepticus, a severe epileptic condition.
Evaluation of simplified wireless EEG recordings in the neurological emergency room.
PLoS One
October 2024
Full member of ERN EpiCARE, Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Objective: In the neurological emergency room (nER), timely electroencephalography (EEG) diagnostic is often crucial in patients with altered state of consciousness as well as in patients presenting with a first seizure. Yet, routine-EEG (rEEG) is often not available, especially during off-hours.
Methods: We analyzed the value of a commercially available, simplified wireless eight-channel EEG recording (swEEG, CerebAir® EEG headset, Nihon Kohden), applied by non-EEG-specialized medical students, in patients presenting in our nER with (suspicion of) epileptic seizures and/or loss of or altered state of consciousness between 08/2019 and 08/2022.
The long-term effects of limbic non-convulsive status epilepticus in peri-adolescent rats.
Epilepsy Behav
December 2024
Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Division of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN, United States. Electronic address:
To optimize the clinical approach to non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE), it is essential to gain insight into its long-term effects on cognition and behaviors. Here, we investigated limbic NCSE-induced hippocampal injury and behavioral deficits in peri-adolescent rats. NCSE was induced in P43 Sprague Dawleyrats with intrahippocampal subconvulsive doses of kainic acid (NCSE group, n = 14) under continuous epidural cortical electroencephalography (EEG).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in murine models of epilepsy: A systematic review of methodological aspects and outcomes.
Epilepsy Res
December 2024
Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, University Campus, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
Article Synopsis
- Clinical studies on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) show inconsistent results, possibly due to differences in study methods, prompting a review of preclinical rTMS protocols in mice for epilepsy research.
- A comprehensive search identified 23 relevant studies that used various epilepsy induction methods and defined motor thresholds, exploring the effects of different rTMS frequencies on seizure activity.
- Findings indicate that low-frequency rTMS (≤5 Hz) generally suppresses seizures and improves behavioral outcomes, while high-frequency rTMS (≥5 Hz) had mixed effects, highlighting the importance of stimulation frequency in optimizing clinical applications for epilepsy treatment.
Intermittent Akinetic Mutism after Bilateral Paramedian Thalamic Infarction Caused by Artery of Percheron Occlusion:A Case Report.
J Med Invest
October 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University Adachi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Intermittent clinical course of akinetic mutism is very unusual. We describe a 74-year-old man who started to demonstrate episodes of altered mental state with stopped moving and talking, poor response to commands, and muscle stiffness in both upper limbs approximately 1.5 months after cardioembolic bilateral paramedian thalamic infarction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDose-Dependent Induction of Differential Seizure Phenotypes by Pilocarpine in Rats: Considerations for Translational Potential.
Medicina (Kaunas)
September 2024
Institute of Pathophysiology "Ljubodrag Buba Mihailović", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 9, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
: Pilocarpine is used in experimental studies for testing antiepileptic drugs, but further characterization of this model is essential for its usage in testing novel drugs. The aim of our study was to study the behavioral and EEG characteristics of acute seizures caused by different doses of pilocarpine in rats. : Male Wistar rats were treated with a single intraperitoneal dose of 100 mg/kg (P100), 200 mg/kg (P200), or 300 mg/kg (P300) of pilocarpine, and epileptiform behavior and EEG changes followed within 4 h.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFER and doctors' preparedness to manage status epilepticus: a multi-institutional survey from the Gaza Strip.
BMC Health Serv Res
October 2024
Department of Neurology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Background: Status epilepticus (SE) is a top neurological and medical emergency. Adequate staff knowledge and sufficient hospital resources are mandatory for timely management and better outcomes. This study aims to evaluate Palestinian ER doctors' knowledge and beliefs towards SE and assess the state and availability of hospital resources needed to manage SE appropriately.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical and Radiological Parameters Affecting the Yield of Routine Electroencephalography in Various Indications.
Ann Afr Med
October 2024
Department of Neurology, College of Medicine and Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Objectives: To highlight the significance of various clinical and radiological parameters in association with specific electroencephalographic (EEG) patterns in order to prioritize EEG referrals.
Method: This retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in the neurology department of King Fahad University Hospital, Alkhobar, and involved a review and analysis of EEG and medical records pertaining to 604 patients referred for routine EEG. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.
TRANscranial direct current stimulation for FOcal Refractory epilepsy in mitochondrial disease (TRANSFORM): delayed-start, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study.
BMC Neurol
October 2024
Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Background: Focal epilepsy is common in children and adults with mitochondrial disease. Seizures are often refractory to pharmacological treatment and, in this patient group, frequently evolve to refractory focal status epilepticus (also known as epilepsia partialis continua). Where this occurs, the long-term prognosis is poor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Clinical features of KCNB1 gene variation related developmental and epileptic encephalopathy].
Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi
November 2024
Children's Medical Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 102699, China.
To summarize the clinical features of epilepsy and (or) developmental delay associated with KCNB1 gene variants in children. A case series study was conducted on 24 children with KCNB1 gene variants associated with epilepsy and (or) developmental delay who were treated at the Children's Medical Center of Peking University First Hospital and the Department of Neurology of Shenzhen Children's Hospital from July 2015 to June 2024. The manifestations of seizures, electroencephalogram (EEG) and genetic test results of those children were analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStiripentol for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus.
Neurol Res Pract
October 2024
Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps University Marburg, Baldingerstr, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
Background: Status epilepticus (SE) is one of the most common neurological emergencies and an acutely life-threatening condition characterized by high mortality and morbidity. Despite the well-established staged therapy of status epilepticus, especially stages 1 and 2, more than one third of patients develop (super-) refractory SE. Despite a large variety of potential treatment options for super-refractory SE, there is an unmet clinical need of potential new treatment ideas in this often desperate clinical situation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Animal models of drug-resistant epilepsy represent an important resource for discovering new drug targets and testing experimental medicines. Intra-amygdala microinjection of kainic acid in mice is one of the most widely regarded models of drug-resistant epilepsy. Mice develop acute status epilepticus, which diminishes after a few hours and then, within a few days, mice display spontaneous seizures (epilepsy).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly vigabatrin to augment GABAergic pathways in post-anoxic status epilepticus.
Epilepsy Behav
November 2024
Department of Neurology, Division of Neurocritical Care, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Patients experiencing post-anoxic status epilepticus (PASE) after cardiac arrest face poor outcomes due to a combination of therapeutic nihilism and the difficulty in managing their seizures, which creates a bleak outlook.
- This negative cycle is exacerbated by the exclusion of hypoxic-ischemic causes from clinical trials, limiting the development of effective treatments for these patients.
- Early treatment with vigabatrin, which inhibits the breakdown of GABA, shows promise as it may enhance the effectiveness of other GABA-targeting medications in managing PASE.
Feasibility Assessment of Rapid Response EEG in the Identification of Nonconvulsive Seizures During Military Medical Air Transport.
Mil Med
October 2024
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Arlington, VA 22203, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to nonconvulsive seizures (NCS) and status epilepticus (NCSE) in up to 30% of severe cases, significantly impacting patient outcomes, yet these conditions are hard to diagnose at the bedside due to varying symptoms.* -
- The study explores the use of a portable rapid response EEG (rr-EEG) as a diagnostic tool for NCS and NCSE, which has shown effectiveness in hospital settings but needs evaluation in pre-hospital scenarios.* -
- In a simulated training mission with a Critical Care Air Transport (CCAT) team, participants successfully set up and used the rr-EEG on a manikin, accurately identifying NCS
A spike is a spike: On the universality of spike features in four epilepsy models.
Epilepsia Open
December 2024
Donders Centre for Cognition, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- Scientists studied how different types of epilepsy in rats show specific electrical patterns called spike-wave complexes (SWCs) during seizures.
- They used special software to analyze the frequency of these SWCs in various models of epilepsy, including brain injuries and genetic conditions.
- The research found that while the spike part of these complexes was similar across different models, the wave part varied a lot, which could help understand seizures better and develop treatments.
PET imaging identifies anti-inflammatory effects of fluoxetine and a correlation of glucose metabolism during epileptogenesis with chronic seizure frequency.
Neuropharmacology
December 2024
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Institute for Auditory Neuroscience, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany; Brain Mapping Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISCC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISCC), Madrid, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigated the effects of fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, on epilepsy development in female rats that underwent status epilepticus induced by lithium-pilocarpine.
- - Although fluoxetine did not change brain glucose metabolism or seizure frequency, it reduced neuroinflammation in the hippocampus by 22.6%.
- - The researchers found a correlation between glucose metabolism in the hippocampus shortly after status epilepticus and seizure frequency later on, suggesting that FDG-PET could serve as a biomarker for epilepsy progression.
Management of non-lesional super-refractory status epilepticus: a rare case report.
Ann Med Surg (Lond)
October 2024
Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.
Introduction And Importance: Super-refractory status epilepticus is defined as status epilepticus that continues or recurs 24 h or more after the initiation of anesthetic therapy(continuum), a serious medical emergency with a potential for significant morbidity and mortality. Cortisectomy with invasive EEG recording electrocorticography (ECoG) can be a successful treatment option for super-refractory status epilepticus in selected cases after medical management has failed.
Case Presentation: The authors present a case of a young lady who suffered a super-refractory status epilepticus and failed five different anti-seizure medications, coma-producing agents, IVIG.
Circulating microRNAs and isomiRs as biomarkers for the initial insult and epileptogenesis in four experimental epilepsy models: The EPITARGET study.
Epilepsia
November 2024
Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
Objective: Structural epilepsies can manifest months or years after the occurrence of an initial epileptogenic insult, making them amenable for secondary prevention. However, development of preventive treatments has been challenged by a lack of biomarkers for identifying the subset of individuals with the highest risk of epilepsy after the epileptogenic insult.
Methods: Four different rat models of epileptogenesis were investigated to identify differentially expressed circulating microRNA (miRNA) and isomiR profiles as biomarkers for epileptogenesis.
A novel pathogenic variant in the KCTD7 gene in a patient with neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (CLN14): a case report and review of the literature.
BMC Neurol
September 2024
Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Gaza, P.O. Box 108, Gaza, State of Palestine.
Article Synopsis
- * A nine-month-old boy displayed symptoms like psychomotor regression, vision loss, and seizures, ultimately leading to his death at 44 months due to complications from his condition, with genetic testing revealing a novel variant in the KCTD7 gene.
- * This case contributes to the limited understanding of CLN14 and highlights the potential for genetic testing to identify more cases and variations in symptoms associated with NCL.
[Etiology of epilepsy in Mexico: results from the national multi-centre register].
Rev Neurol
October 2024
Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez, Ciudad de México, México.
Article Synopsis
- Epilepsy significantly impacts many people in Mexico, with the study analyzing the main causes of the condition across a diverse patient sample from 89 hospitals between 2021-2022.
- The analysis covered 6,653 patients, revealing that structural causes account for 46.1% of cases, while genetic causes were 12.9%, and a significant 40.9% of cases had unknown origins.
- The findings highlight that structural and genetic causes are linked to specific seizure types, and most patients had comorbid conditions, with drug-resistant epilepsy being more prevalent in those with immune, infectious, and structural causes.
Electrographic Seizures and Predictors of Epilepsy after Pediatric Arteriovenous Malformation Rupture.
J Pediatr
January 2025
Division of Epilepsy and Neurophysiology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC; Department of Neurology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC; Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, George Washington University, Washington, DC. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to identify clinical and EEG predictors of epilepsy in pediatric patients who experienced spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage due to arteriovenous malformation (AVM) rupture, as well as to evaluate the occurrence of electrographic seizures.
- Researchers conducted a retrospective review of pediatric patients over 11 years, examining medical records to assess seizure types categorized as acute, subacute, and remote, along with outcomes like mortality and epilepsy development post-discharge.
- Of the 43 patients reviewed, 16% had a clinical seizure before EEG, 16% were later diagnosed with epilepsy, and remote seizures significantly correlated with epilepsy development, highlighting that seizures more than 30 days after the rupture pose a greater risk for long-term epilepsy
Differences in Interfacility Transfer from Emergency Department and Inpatient Services for Inpatient Neurologic Care.
Neurohospitalist
October 2024
Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Introduction: Interhospital transfer is an important mechanism for improving access to specialized neurologic care but there are large gaps in our understanding of interhospital transfer for the management of non-stroke-related neurologic disease.
Methods: This observational study included consecutive patients admitted to an adult academic general neurology service via interhospital transfer from July 1, 2015 to July 1, 2017. Characteristics of the referring hospital and transferred patients were obtained through the American Hospital Association Directory, a hospital transfer database maintained by the accepting hospital, and the electronic medical record.
Pulseless Electrical Activity Arrest Presenting as Tonic Arm Stiffening and a Flat Electroencephalogram.
Neurohospitalist
October 2024
Division of Epilepsy, Department of Neurology, Neurology and Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - The report discusses a case of pulseless electrical activity (PEA) arrest that presented similarly to a tonic seizure.
- - The diagnosis and differences were clarified through the use of electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings.
- - This highlights the importance of EEG in correctly identifying seizure-like episodes in patients experiencing PEA.
Progression to refractory status epilepticus: A machine learning analysis by means of classification and regression tree analysis.
Epilepsy Behav
December 2024
Hospital of Merano-Meran (SABES-ASDAA), Department of Emergency Medicine, Merano-Meran, Italy.
Background And Objectives: to identify predictors of progression to refractory status epilepticus (RSE) using a machine learning technique.
Methods: Consecutive patients aged ≥ 14 years with SE registered in a 9-years period at Modena Academic Hospital were included in the analysis. We evaluated the risk of progression to RSE using logistic regression and a machine learning analysis by means of classification and regression tree analysis (CART) to develop a predictive model of progression to RSE.