Cognitive reserve against Alzheimer's pathology is linked to brain activity during memory formation.

The cognitive reserve (CR) hypothesis posits that individuals can differ in how their brain function is disrupted by pathology associated with aging and neurodegeneration. Here, we test this hypothesis in the continuum from cognitively normal to at-risk stages for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) to AD dementia using longitudinal data from 490 participants of the DELCODE multicentric observational study. Brain function is measured using task fMRI of visual memory encoding.

Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy-left ventricular outflow tract shapes and their hemodynamic influences applying CMR.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is one of the most common genetic cardiac disorders and is characterized by different phenotypes of left ventricular hypertrophy with and without obstruction. The effects of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction based on different anatomies may be hemodynamically relevant and influence therapeutic decision making. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) provides anatomical information.

Reslice3Dto2D: Introduction of a software tool to reformat 3D volumes into reference 2D slices in cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance enables the quantification of functional and morphological parameters with an impact on therapeutical decision making. While quantitative assessment is established in 2D, novel 3D techniques lack a standardized approach. Multi-planar-reformatting functionality in available software relies on visual matching location and often lacks necessary functionalities for further post-processing.

Impact of training data composition on the generalizability of convolutional neural network aortic cross-section segmentation in four-dimensional magnetic resonance flow imaging.

Background: Four-dimensional cardiovascular magnetic resonance flow imaging (4D flow CMR) plays an important role in assessing cardiovascular diseases. However, the manual or semi-automatic segmentation of aortic vessel boundaries in 4D flow data introduces variability and limits the reproducibility of aortic hemodynamics visualization and quantitative flow-related parameter computation. This paper explores the potential of deep learning to improve 4D flow CMR segmentation by developing models for automatic segmentation and analyzes the impact of the training data on the generalization of the model across different sites, scanner vendors, sequences, and pathologies.

Comparison of R-CHOP-14 and R-mini-CHOP in older adults with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma-A retrospective multicenter cohort study.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoma entity, and its incidence increases with age. There is a paucity of data regarding use of biweekly R-CHOP (R-CHOP-14) in patients ≥80 years of age. We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with DLBCL aged ≥80 years treated with R-CHOP-14 and R-miniCHOP in two academic tertiary centers in Germany between 01/01/2005 and 12/30/2019.

Daylight exposure and mood in real life: Direct association and mediating role of sleep and routine regularity.

The light/dark cycle is the main external cue to synchronize the human biological clock. Modern lifestyles typically lead to less daylight exposure and blunted 24 h-amplitude. We evaluated the association of outdoor daylight exposure (frequency, duration, regularity and shift) with chronotype estimated by sleep phase, regularity of routines, sleep, well-being (WHO-5), and depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), in a sample of 1,095 participants (81.

Novel ectopic expression of zona pellucida 3 glycoprotein in lung cancer promotes tumor growth.

Zona pellucida 3 (ZP3) expression is classically found in the ZP-layer of the oocytes, lately shown in ovarian and prostate cancer. A successful ZP3 ovarian cancer immunotherapy in transgenic mice suggested its use as an attractive therapeutic target. The biological role of ZP3 in cancer growth and progression is still unknown.

The Networking Brain: How Extracellular Matrix, Cellular Networks, and Vasculature Shape the In Vivo Mechanical Properties of the Brain.

Mechanically, the brain is characterized by both solid and fluid properties. The resulting unique material behavior fosters proliferation, differentiation, and repair of cellular and vascular networks, and optimally protects them from damaging shear forces. Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is a noninvasive imaging technique that maps the mechanical properties of the brain in vivo.

Placental growth factor promotes neural invasion and predicts disease prognosis in resectable pancreatic cancer.

Background: Surgery represents the only curative treatment option for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but recurrence in more than 85% of patients limits the success of curative-intent tumor resection. Neural invasion (NI), particularly the spread of tumor cells along nerves into extratumoral regions of the pancreas, constitutes a well-recognized risk factor for recurrence. Hence, monitoring and therapeutic targeting of NI offer the potential to stratify recurrence risk and improve recurrence-free survival.

Using routinely collected clinical data for circadian medicine: A review of opportunities and challenges.

A wealth of data is available from electronic health records (EHR) that are collected as part of routine clinical care in hospitals worldwide. These rich, longitudinal data offer an attractive object of study for the field of circadian medicine, which aims to translate knowledge of circadian rhythms to improve patient health. This narrative review aims to discuss opportunities for EHR in studies of circadian medicine, highlight the methodological challenges, and provide recommendations for using these data to advance the field.

Deep cardiac phenotyping by cardiovascular magnetic resonance reveals subclinical focal and diffuse myocardial injury in patients with psoriasis (PSOR-COR study).

Background: Psoriasis vulgaris (PV) is a chronic inflammatory disorder frequently associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aims to provide a prospective tissue characterization in patients with PV without major CVD using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR).

Methods: Patients with PV underwent laboratory assessment, a 12-lead and 24-h ECG, and a CMR exam at a 1.

Trajectories of functional and structural myocardial parameters in post-COVID-19 syndrome-insights from mid-term follow-up by cardiovascular magnetic resonance.

Introduction: Myocardial tissue alterations in patients with post-Coronavirus disease 2019 syndrome (PCS) are often subtle and mild. Reports vary in the prevalence of non-ischemic and ischemic injuries as well as the extent of ongoing myocardial inflammation. The exact relevance of these myocardial alterations is not fully understood.

Greater within- and between-day instability is associated with worse anxiety and depression symptoms.

Background: Depression and anxiety affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide, and their prevalence increased during the COVID-19 pandemic as social schedules were disrupted. This study explores the associations between anxiety and depression and within- and between-day instability of affective, somatic, and cognitive symptoms during the early pandemic stages.

Methods: Participants (n = 153, ages 18-77, 72 % female) reported daily levels of affective (anxiety/sadness), somatic (appetite/sleepiness), and cognitive (concentration/energy) symptoms for 14-44 days at five timepoints: 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 h after awakening.

Comparable CD8 T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in single-cell transcriptomics of recently allogeneic transplanted patients and healthy individuals.

Despite extensive research on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination responses in healthy individuals, there is comparatively little known beyond antibody titers and T-cell responses in the vulnerable cohort of patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT). In this study, we assessed the serological response and performed longitudinal multimodal analyses including T-cell functionality and single-cell RNA sequencing combined with T cell receptor (TCR)/B cell receptor (BCR) profiling in the context of BNT162b2 vaccination in ASCT patients. In addition, these data were compared to publicly available data sets of healthy vaccinees.

Post-hoc standardisation of parametric T1 maps in cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging: a proof-of-concept.

Background: In cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging parametric T1 mapping lacks universally valid reference values. This limits its extensive use in the clinical routine. The aim of this work was the introduction of our self-developed Magnetic Resonance Imaging Software for Standardization (MARISSA) as a post-hoc standardisation approach.

Sex-specific structural and functional cardiac remodeling during healthy aging assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance.

Background: Aging as a major non-modifiable cardiac risk factor challenges future cardiovascular medicine and economic demands, which requires further assessments addressing physiological age-associated cardiac changes.

Objectives: Using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), this study aims to characterize sex-specific ventricular adaptations during healthy aging.

Methods: The population included healthy volunteers who underwent CMR at 1.

Routine regularity during a global pandemic: Impact on mental health outcomes and influence of chronotype.

Among the public health recommendations for supporting mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic, many strategies had an impact on biological rhythms, like sleep hygiene, physical exercise and healthy eating habits. Considering the known relationship between circadian organization and mental health, our aim was to test the association between behavioral regularity and mental health, and its interaction with chronotype, in a large sample surveyed in Brazil. We collected longitudinal data using online questionnaires that assessed sociodemographic characteristics, behavioral routines, mental health (PHQ-9, GAD-7, WHO-5 scales), and chronotype estimation based on midpoint of sleep on free days - MSF (μMCTQ), in a sample of 1390 participants (81% females).

Cortical matrix remodeling as a hallmark of relapsing-remitting neuroinflammation in MR elastography and quantitative MRI.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory disease that involves both white and gray matter. Although gray matter damage is a major contributor to disability in MS patients, conventional clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fails to accurately detect gray matter pathology and establish a clear correlation with clinical symptoms. Using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), we previously reported global brain softening in MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).

Clinical Implications and Dynamics of Clonal Hematopoiesis in Anti-CD19 CAR T-cell Treated Patients.

Recent evidence revealed important interactions between clonal hematopoiesis (CH) and cellular therapies established for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. The impact of CH on safety, efficacy, and outcome of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is currently under investigation. We analyzed 110 patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 105) or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (n = 5), treated with Axicabtagene-Ciloleucel (39%), Tisagenlecleucel (51%), or Brexucabtagene autoleucel (10%).

Multi-site comparison of parametric T1 and T2 mapping: healthy travelling volunteers in the Berlin research network for cardiovascular magnetic resonance (BER-CMR).

Background: Parametric mapping sequences in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) allow for non-invasive myocardial tissue characterization. However quantitative myocardial mapping is still limited by the need for local reference values. Confounders, such as field strength, vendors and sequences, make intersite comparisons challenging.