Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) Recording of Simultaneous Electric-Acoustic Stimulation between Round Window Membrane and Basal Part of Cochlear Bone in guinea Pigs.

Hypothesis: Extracochlear electric-acoustic stimulation (EAS) between the round window membrane and the basal part of the cochlear bone exhibits distinct auditory brainstem response (ABR) characteristics.

Background: The use of EAS in individuals with residual hearing is becoming increasingly common in clinical settings. Ongoing research has explored the characteristics of EAS-induced responses in hearing cochleae.

Geographic factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 prevalence during the first wave - 6 districts in Zambia, July 2020.

Background: Geographical factors can affect infectious disease transmission, including SARS-CoV-2, a virus that is spread through respiratory secretions. Prioritization of surveillance and response activities during a pandemic can be informed by a pathogen's geographical transmission patterns. We assessed the relationship between geographical factors and SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in Zambia.

Suboxic waters of the eastern Arabian Sea shelter secondary chlorophyll maximum dominated by heterotrophic dinoflagellate Pronoctiluca spp. (order Noctilucales).

In the present study, we investigated the dinoflagellate assemblages in the upper water column (< 150-m depth), focusing on the suboxic waters of the eastern Arabian Sea (EAS) along 68°E from 8°N to 21°N during the southwest monsoon 2020 (SWM-2020). Dinoflagellate abundance was higher in the upper water column (0-80-m depth, mean ± SD = 411 ± 903 cells L) compared to deeper waters (80-150-m depth, mean ± SD = 128 ± 216 cells L). Among 11 identified taxonomic dinoflagellate orders, Peridinales were predominant in the upper waters column (71%, mean ± SD = 285 ± 858 cells L).

Study of the cortico-anorectal neurophysiology in women with fecal incontinence.

Background: Fecal incontinence (FI) is a prevalent condition that disproportionately impacts women. Although sphincter biomechanics are well studied, the integrity of the cortico-anal motor pathway remains elusive. We evaluated the cortico-spino-anorectal pathway in women with FI against age-matched (AM-HV) and young healthy (Y-HV) volunteers.

Global profiling of alternative splicing in non-small cell lung cancer reveals novel histological and population differences.

Lung cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in the US. African-American (AA) men are more likely to develop lung cancer with higher incidence and mortality rates than European-American (EA) men. Herein, we report high-confidence alternative splicing (AS) events from high-throughput, high-depth total RNA sequencing of lung tumors and non-tumor adjacent tissues (NATs) in two independent cohorts of patients with adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC).

Effects of F1-F2 Frequency Spacing on Spectral Integration in Combined Electric and Acoustic Stimulation.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to measure the effects of frequency spacing (i.e., F2 minus F1) on spectral integration for vowel perception in simulated bilateral electric-acoustic stimulation (BiEAS), electric-acoustic stimulation (EAS), and bimodal hearing.

Are Parental Stress and Rewards Influenced by Child Temperament? Analysis of the Moderating Role of Social Support and Gender in Spanish Parents.

The aims of this research work were twofold: (1) to validate the factor structure of the Spanish version of the Emotionality, Activity and Sociability Temperament Survey (EAS) and (2) to analyse the relationship between child temperament, and parental stress and rewards, testing the possible moderating roles of gender and social support. The reference population was a group of mothers and fathers with children in early childhood education (aged 0-5). For the first study, we used a sample of 701 subjects (70.

The newborn behavioural observations (NBO) system embedded in routine postpartum care in at-risk families in Iceland: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: The Newborn Behaviour Observation system (NBO) is a flexible relationship-based intervention designed to sensitise parents to their newborn's capacities, to increase parental confidence and foster the bond between parent and infant. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an NBO intervention on maternal confidence during the first month postpartum, and on the quality of mother-infant interaction at infant age 4 months in a sample of mothers who exhibit elevated signs of distress or depression during pregnancy and/or describe prior experiences of mental health issues.

Method: Pregnant women with current emotional distress and/or a history of anxiety and depression were recruited from a healthcare centre in Reykjavik, between August 2016 and April 2018.

A new insight into the anatomical ablation approach at R-L ILT for VAs with a left ventricular summit origination: electrophysiological characteristics and catheter ablation.

Background: Ventricular arrhythmia (VA) originating from the left ventricular summit (LVS) poses particular challenges, with higher rates of ablation failure.

Objective: To further evaluate the anatomical ablation approach from the subaortic region for LVS VAs and their electrophysiological characteristics.

Method: The study enrolled 27 consecutive patients with sympatomatic VAs originating from LVS and who received an anatomical ablation approach from R-L ILT in our center.

Using Sediment Bacterial Communities to Predict Trace Metal Pollution Risk in Coastal Environment Management: Feasibility, Reliability, and Practicability.

The distribution of trace metals (TMs) in a continuous water body often exhibits watershed attributes, but the tidal gates of the coastal rivers may alter their transformation and accumulation patterns. Therefore, a tidal gate-controlled coastal river was selected to test the distribution and accumulation risks of Al, As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Sr, and Zn in the catchment area (CA), estuarine area (EA), and offshore area (OA). Associations between TMs and bacterial communities were analyzed to assess the feasibility of using bacterial parameters as ecological indicators.

Dysregulated miRNA Expression and Androgen Receptor Loss in Racially Distinct Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Androgen receptor (AR)-negative triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), often termed quadruple-negative breast cancer (QNBC), disproportionately impacts women of African descent, leading to poorer overall survival (OS). MiRNAs regulate the expression of gene drivers involved in critical signaling pathways in TNBC, such as the gene, and their expression varies across races and breast cancer subtypes. This study investigates whether differentially expressed miRNAs influence AR transcription, potentially contributing to the observed disparities between African American (AA) and European American (EA) QNBC patients.

Sweat chloride reflects CFTR function and correlates with clinical outcomes following CFTR modulator treatment.

Background: Highly effective CFTR modulators improve CFTR function and lead to dramatic improvements in health outcomes in many people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). The relationship between measures of CFTR function, such as sweat chloride concentration, and clinical outcomes in pwCF treated with CFTR modulators is poorly defined. We conducted analyses to better understand the relationships between sweat chloride and CFTR function in vitro, and between sweat chloride and clinical outcomes following CFTR modulator treatment.

Racial, Socioeconomic, and Geographic Disparities in Preamputation Vascular Care for Patients With Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia.

Background: Black patients, those with low socioeconomic status (SES), and those living in rural areas have elevated rates of major lower extremity amputation, which may be related to a lack of subspecialty chronic limb-threatening ischemia care. We evaluated the association between race, rurality, SES, and preamputation vascular care.

Methods: Among patients aged 66 to 86 years with fee-for-service Medicare who underwent major lower extremity amputation for chronic limb-threatening ischemia from July 2010 to December 2019, we compared the proportion who received vascular care in the 12 months before amputation by race (Black versus White), rurality, and SES (dual eligibility for Medicaid versus no dual eligibility) using multivariable logistic regression adjusting for clinical and demographic covariates.

Electroacupuncture Ameliorated Locomotor Symptoms in MPTP-Induced Mice Model of Parkinson's Disease by Regulating Autophagy via Nrf2 Signaling.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent and challenging neurodegenerative disorder, and may involve impaired autophagy. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is crucial for regulating autophagy-related genes, maintaining cellular homeostasis. Electroacupuncture (EA), a complementary and alternative therapy for PD, has gained widespread clinical application.

Diagnostic performance of different examination methods for detecting obstetric anal sphincter injuries: A meta-analysis comparing multiple diagnostic methods.

Background: There was limited evidence on the comparative value of various examination methods for women with obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS).

Objectives: To evaluate diagnostic performance of different examination methods for detecting OASIS.

Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to identify relevant studies from inception to December 2023.

Evaluation of the In Vivo Efficacy of the JAK Inhibitor AZD1480 in Uterine Leiomyomas Using a Patient-derived Xenograft Murine Model.

Uterine leiomyomas are common noncancerous hormonally-dependent neoplasms comprised of uterine smooth-muscle cells and fibroblasts. Despite their significant impact on morbidity, effective non-hormonal medical treatments are lacking. In vitro studies have identified the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway as a promising target in leiomyoma cells.

ReBandit: Random Effects Based Online RL Algorithm for Reducing Cannabis Use.

The escalating prevalence of cannabis use, and associated cannabis-use disorder (CUD), poses a significant public health challenge globally. With a notably wide treatment gap, especially among emerging adults (EAs; ages 18-25), addressing cannabis use and CUD remains a pivotal objective within the 2030 United Nations Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). In this work, we develop an online reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm called reBandit which will be utilized in a mobile health study to deliver personalized mobile health interventions aimed at reducing cannabis use among EAs.

The diagnostic value of prolactin adjustment in bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling for differentiating Cushing's disease from the ectopic ACTH syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-dependent Cushing's syndrome can arise from a pituitary tumour (Cushing's disease) or an ectopic ACTH-secreting tumour, making precise differentiation essential for effective treatment. Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) is the gold standard for this differentiation, but false-negative results can limit its accuracy. Adding prolactin (PRL) measurement to BIPSS has been proposed to improve diagnostic precision.

Spatiotemporal dynamics of carbon isotope ratios and phytoplankton composition in the eastern Arabian Sea.

This study investigated major contributors of the particulate organic matter (POM) using stable isotope ratios of particulate organic carbon (δC) and its relationship with phytoplankton composition during three seasons across six coast-offshore transects in the eastern Arabian Sea (EAS). Results revealed significant spatiotemporal variations, with elevated δC in coastal waters during the winter and summer monsoon (-22.40 ± 1.

Smear layer removal comparing conventional irrigation, passive ultrasonic irrigation, EndoActivator System, and a new sonic device (Perfect Clean System) by scanning electron microscopy: An ex vivo study.

Aim: This study evaluated the smear layer removal provided by conventional, sonic, and ultrasonic irrigation techniques.

Methodology: Forty extracted human mandibular first premolars were selected and instrumented using the ProTaper Next System files and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite.

Prevalence of Lower Back Pain and Risk Factors in Equestrians: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review aimed to determine the prevalence of lower back pain (LBP) in equestrian athletes (EAs) and identify associated risk factors. Following the PRISMA guidelines, observational studies published between 2004 and 2024 in English, Portuguese, Spanish, and German were included. The review identified relevant studies through the Web of Science, EBSCO, MEDLINE, and SCOPUS (last search performed on 30 October 2024), yielding 14 studies with a total of 4527 participants.

Comparative Analysis of 2-Point Jump Shot and Free Throw Kinematics in High- and Low-Level U18 Male Basketball Players.

: This study examined the influence of competition level and player position on shooting accuracy and kinematic parameters in U18 male basketball players, focusing on two-point jump shots and free throws. : Thirty-eight higher-level (HL-group) and forty-one lower-level (LL-group) participants, categorized into guard, forward, and center subgroups, completed a two-point basketball shooting test, followed by a free-throw shooting test after a 30 min interval. These tests were administered using a crossover, counterbalanced approach with the Latin square method to ensure effective randomization.

Comparing the predictive validity of four MCI definitions for incident dementia in demographically diverse community-dwelling individuals: Results from the Einstein Aging Study (EAS).

Objective: Research examining (MCI) criteria in diverse and/or health-disparate populations is limited. There is a critical need to investigate the predictive validity for incident dementia of widely used MCI definitions in diverse populations.

Method: Eligible participants were non-Hispanic White or Black Bronx community residents, free of dementia at enrollment, with at least one annual follow-up visit after baseline.

Utilization and Outcomes Associated With Intravascular Ultrasound during Abdominal and Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Interventions in the United States in the Contemporary Era (2016-2023).

Background: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) use in aortic endovascular interventions, including thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair (TEVAR) and endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), may have similar benefits to those seen in coronary and peripheral interventions, but limited utilization and outcome data exist.

Methods: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services claims data were used to identify patients undergoing TEVAR and EVAR from 2016 to 2023. Utilization trends were stratified by region, urbanicity, distressed communities index, community versus academic center, Medicare versus dual enrollment status, indication, urgency, and presence of dissection with malperfusion.

Research on the mechanism of core acupoints in electroacupuncture for functional constipation based on data mining and network acupuncture.

Aim: Functional Constipation (FC) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that imposes a considerable strain on global health. It negatively impacts the quality of life and results in significant healthcare expenditures. Current treatments, such as lifestyle changes and medications, fail to meet patient satisfaction due to efficacy and safety issues.