Increased Sensitivity of the Circadian System to Light in Early/Mid-Puberty.

Context: Late adolescence is marked by a delay in sleep timing, which is partly driven by a delay shift of the circadian timing system. This study examined whether the sensitivity of the circadian system to light-the primary entraining stimulus to the circadian system-differs between pre- to mid-pubertal and late to postpubertal adolescents.

Objective: The study was designed to determine the influence of puberty on the sensitivity of the circadian system to light in humans.

Sleepiness and Cognitive Performance among Younger and Older Adolescents across a 28-Hour Forced Desynchrony Protocol.

Study Objectives: Quantify the homeostatic and circadian effects on sleepiness and performance of adolescents. Examine age-related changes in homeostatic and circadian regulation of sleepiness and performance by comparing younger and older adolescent groups.

Design: Three-week laboratory study including 12 cycles of a 28-h forced desynchrony protocol.

Sleep electroencephalogram in children with a parental history of alcohol abuse/dependence.

We examined the sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) in 9- and 10-year-old children with (PH+) and without (PH-) a parental history of alcohol abuse/dependence to determine whether sleep disturbances associated with alcohol precede the onset of alcohol use. Participants slept on a fixed sleep schedule that ensured at least a 10-h time in bed for 1 week before an adaptation and baseline night. Data were collected in a four-bed sleep research laboratory.

Snoring, sleep quality, and sleepiness across attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder subtypes.

Study Objectives: To characterize the relationship between pediatric attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) subtypes, chronic snoring, and indexes of sleep quality and daytime sleepiness.

Design: A cross-sectional design with planned comparisons of ADHD (all subtypes) versus general community controls; ADHD Predominantly Inattentive Type (ADHD-I) versus a group with both ADHD Predominantly Hyperactive/Impulsive Type (ADHD-HI) and ADHD Combined Type (ADHD-C); and ADHD-HI versus ADHD-C.

Setting: Subjects recruited from a pediatric clinic, a university psycholgy clinic, and the general community.

Effects of acute sleep restriction on behavior, sustained attention, and response inhibition in children.

This study examined the effects of acute sleep restriction on the day-time behavior and performance of healthy children and adolescents. 82 participants (8 to 15 years of age) completed 5 nights of baseline sleep and were randomly assigned to Optimized (10 hr.) or Restricted (4 hr.

An approach to studying circadian rhythms of adolescent humans.

The "long nights" protocol was designed to evaluate sleep processes and circadian rhythm parameters in young humans. A total of 19 children (10 boys, ages 11.2 to 14.