Eosinophilic oesophagitis in adults: from symptoms to therapeutic options.

Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is a chronic and progressive immune-mediated condition, typically affecting young atopic male adults and potentially leads to organ dysfunction and fibrosis. The clinical spectrum widely varies -from non-troublesome dysphagia to food impaction- and hence the rate of misdiagnosis and diagnostic delay are high, especially when presenting with minor symptoms, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. There have been several major therapeutic breakthroughs for the management of EoE in recent years.

Cine-MRI of Deglutition: A Systematic Review.

Videofluoroscopy, recognized as the gold standard for dysphagia exploration, has inherent limitations, including poor soft tissue discrimination, radiation exposure, and aspiration risk. In response to these challenges, cine-MRI of swallowing has evolved over the past three decades, yielding diverse methodologies and results across various studies.This systematic review, conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, meticulously outlines cine-MRI protocols, applications, advantages, and limitations.

Immune-Related Adverse Events in a Patient Treated with Pembrolizumab: A Case Report from the Point of View of a Geriatrician.

We report the case of a 78-year-old female patient who received palliative immunotherapy with pembrolizumab and lenvatinib as a treatment of pulmonary and osseous metastatic endometrial carcinoma. Under this therapy, the patient developed dysphagia, thyroiditis with hypothyroidism, myositis, and myocarditis, which required, due to third-degree AV block, the installation of a pacemaker. The patient received high-dose cortisone therapy, a thyroid hormone substitution, and pyridostigmine for symptom control.

Prevalence of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) in children, as diagnosed through instrumental evaluation, and to identify associated risk factors.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted across six databases (Embase, LILACS, LIVIVO, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science), as well as gray literature sources (ASHA, Google Scholar, and ProQuest). Studies involving children (under 12 years of age), diagnosed using instrumental methods such as videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS) or fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES), were included.

Gastrointestinal pathology in patients presenting with iron deficiency anaemia: A single-centre cross-sectional study.

Background: About a third of the world's population is estimated to suffer from anaemia, and iron deficiency is expected to account for about half of all anaemia cases. This study was designed to get an estimate of the proportion of patients with iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) who have a significant gastrointestinal (GI) pathology, in particular a GI malignancy, and to identify any risk factors or predictors for the same.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a hospital in Eastern India.

Developmental deglutition and intrinsic tongue muscle maturation phenotypes in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome.

Introduction: Down syndrome (DS) is associated with difficulties with feeding during infancy and childhood. Weaning, or transitioning from nursing to independent deglutition, requires developmental progression in tongue function. However, little is known about whether postnatal tongue muscle maturation is impacted in DS.

Esophageal Dysfunction in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-related Myositis: A Case Report.

A 69-year-old woman with left-sided breast cancer developed elevated creatine kinase levels and muscle weakness in her extremities after treatment with pembrolizumab. The patient was diagnosed with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related myositis. Although the patient had no symptoms of dysphagia, we evaluated her swallowing function because esophageal dysfunction is a known complication of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy.

Endoscopic Screening for Laryngotracheal Complications in Children Following Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation Maintained Through Endotracheal Intubation: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Project.

Background: An endoscopic screening program following successful weaning from prolonged mechanical ventilation maintained through endotracheal tube (ET; ) may be justified to assess the upper (laryngotracheal) airway in children who may not always be symptomatic for intubation-related complications.

Objectives: To evaluate effects of prolonged intubation in children through endoscopic screening of the laryngotracheal airway.

Methods: In this cross-sectional pilot project, children (2 months-12 years) successfully extubated following prolonged intubation were selected, irrespective of having symptoms, for a 1-time flexible nasolaryngoscopy at third to sixth month post-extubation (follow-up window).

Case Report: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding and multiorgan injury caused by ethylicin poisoning.

Ethylicin is a pesticide with excellent bactericidal ability. The incidence of poisoning has increased in recent years with the widespread use of ethylicin in green agriculture, but reports are lacking. In this study, we described three cases of oral ethylicin poisoning.

Upper gastrointestinal triple stenosis in a patient with trisomy 17p syndrome: Case report and literature review.

Upper gastrointestinal stenosis, which can be congenital or acquired, can lead to dysphagia. The association between trisomy 17p syndrome, a rare chromosomal abnormality, and upper gastrointestinal stenosis is unclear. A 20-year-old man diagnosed with trisomy 17p syndrome was referred to our department due to recurrent vomiting.

Global research hotspots and trends of theta burst stimulation from 2004 to 2023: a bibliometric analysis.

Background: Theta burst stimulation (TBS) has garnered widespread attention in the scientific community, but a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of TBS research remains absent. This study aims to fill this gap by elucidating the characteristics, hotspots, and trends in TBS publications over the past 20 years using bibliometric methods.

Methods: We retrieved TBS-related publications from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2023, from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC).

Multi-label speech feature selection for Parkinson's Disease subtype recognition using graph model.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is the second-most common neurodegenerative disorder. There is a certain pathological connection between PD and dysphonia. Speech signals have been successfully used to identify PD and predict its severity.

Esophageal microbial dysbiosis impairs mucosal barrier integrity via toll-like receptor 2 pathway in patients with gastroesophageal reflux symptoms.

Background: Previous research on the lower gastrointestinal tract has proved that microbial dysbiosis can lead to intestinal barrier dysfunction and enhanced visceral sensitivity, thus triggering bowel symptoms. Whether esophageal microbial dysbiosis also contributes to the development of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) symptoms, which are known to be associated with impaired esophageal barrier integrity, remains to be explored.

Methods: Patients with GER symptoms (gastroesophageal reflux disease [GERD] and functional esophageal disorders [FED]), duodenal ulcer patients and healthy controls were prospectively included for esophageal microbial analysis.

Varicella zoster infection-associated progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus in a 6-month follow-up.

A patient with reactivated varicella zoster virus (VZV) manifesting in the left-sided dermatome L3 and S2-S4 developed tonic spasms which morphed into myoclonic jerks, paresis, rigidity and hypoesthesia of the left leg. Later, stimuli-sensitive myoclonus progressed to affect the upper body and was accompanied by fever surges with high-frequency myoclonus, hypertensive derailment, dysphagia and other features of the brainstem with autonomic dysfunction. Cerebrospinal fluid tested positive for VZV, MRI showed no signs of myelitis and EEG was negative for epilepsy.

Lingual Necrosis in the Setting of Giant Cell Arteritis.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a medium-to-large vessel vasculitis most commonly affecting the aortic arch and carotid branches. Lingual necrosis is a rare complication of GCA caused by lingual artery vasculitis due to ischemia. A delay in diagnosis can result in irreversible complications such as tongue amputation.

[Zero-profile intervertebral fusion with cage-titanium plate for the treatment of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy].

Objective: To explore clinical effect of Zero-profile intervertebral fusion with cage-titanium plate in treating multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

Methods: From January 2016 to January 2020, 107 patients with multisegmental cervical spondylotic myelopathy treated by surgery were retrospectively analyzed and divided into Hybrid group and control group according to different surgical methods. There were 54 patients in Hybrid group, including 42 males and 12 females, aged from 33 to 77 years old with an average of (57.

Risk reduction of radiation-induced aspiration by sparing specific aspiration-related-organs at risk; an in silico feasibility study.

Purpose: To assess the feasibility and benefit of NTCP optimized aspiration-prevention treatment planning by sparing specific aspiration related organs at risk, and to assess the impact of baseline complaints on the planning results.

Materials And Methods: This in silico planning study included 30 HNC patients who were previously treated with definitive radiotherapy. New fully automated plans, allowing for sparing specific aspiration related organs at risk, were optimised directly on normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models for common toxicities: xerostomia and dysphagia.

Prediction of the need of enteral nutrition during radiation therapy for head and neck cancers.

Introduction: Patients with a head and neck (HN) cancer undergoing radiotherapy risk critical weight loss and oral intake reduction leading to enteral nutrition. We developed a predictive model for the need for enteral nutrition during radiotherapy in this setting. Its performances were reported on a real-world multicentric cohort.

Efficacy and Safety of Anti-Reflux Mucosectomy versus Radiofrequency Ablation of the Lower Esophageal Sphincter for the Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background And Aims: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) affects 10-30% of the population. Endoscopic anti-reflux therapies have been proposed for carefully selected patients. The aim of this study was to compare outcomes between endoscopic anti-reflux mucosectomy (ARMS) and endoscopic radiofrequency ablation of the lower esophageal sphincter (Stretta procedure) for the treatment of GERD.

Efficacy of Structured Exercise on Swallowing and Pulmonary Functions in Cervicogenic Dysphagia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Cervicogenic dysphagia (CD) is a swallowing difficulty caused by cervical problems, typically impacting swallowing function (SF) and pulmonary function (PF).

Objectives: To explore the effect of a structured exercise program comprising cervical stretching, strengthening, and stabilizing exercises on the SF and PF in patients with CD.

Participants: 32 patients (age 35-50 years) with CD were randomly allocated into a study group (n = 17) and a control group (n = 15).

Long-term results of laparoscopic Heller-Dor for esophageal-gastric junction outflow obstruction: a prospective comparative study.

Background: The aim of this prospective, controlled study was to assess the 5-year follow-up of Laparoscopic Heller-Dor (LHD) in patients with esophago-gastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO), compared with achalasia patients (ACH). The management of EGJOO reflects the experience gained with esophageal achalasia, for which LHD has been proven to be an effective long-term treatment. Prospective long-term results of LHD in EGJOO patients are still lacking.