A Deep Learning Approach for Quantifying Vocal Fold Dynamics During Connected Speech Using Laryngeal High-Speed Videoendoscopy.

Purpose: Voice disorders are best assessed by examining vocal fold dynamics in connected speech. This can be achieved using flexible laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy (HSV), which enables us to study vocal fold mechanics with high temporal details. Analysis of vocal fold vibration using HSV requires accurate segmentation of the vocal fold edges.

Evaluation of Postural Changes Using Dynamic Posturography after Speech Rehabilitation in Patients with Voice Disorders: A Longitudinal Study.

Background: The association between voice and body posture is consensual across the scientific literature and seems to be established both ways. Any changes in normal posture can influence the mechanisms of vocal production; on the other hand, vocal rehabilitation can influence posture.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the postural pattern in subjects with organic voice disorders before and after speech rehabilitation, using computerised dynamic posturography (CDP).

[Neurolaryngology].

The neuroanatomy of voice and speech is complex. An intricate neural network is responsible for ensuring the main functions of the larynx: airway protection, cough and Valsalva production, and providing voice. Coordination of these roles is very susceptible to disruption by neurological disorders.

Long-term voice outcome following partial cricotracheal resection in children for severe subglottic stenosis.

Objective: To correlate the postoperative voice outcome to preoperative glottic involvement, following partial cricotracheal resection (PCTR) in children. The glottic involvement was analysed based on the extent of subglottic stenosis (SGS) in the endoscopic image and functional dynamic assessment using flexible endoscopy.

Methods: We conducted an interobserver study in which two ENT surgeons, blinded to one another's interpretation, independently rated the extent of SGS based on the endoscopic image along with the dynamic functional airway assessment, of 108 children who underwent PCTR for grade III or IV stenosis.

The effect of topical anesthesia on vocal fold motion.

The objective of this study was to determine if topical anesthesia to the larynx and pharynx affects vocal fold motion during dynamic voice evaluation with transnasal flexible endoscopy. Transnasal dynamic laryngeal examinations of 10 patients with no voice complaints were evaluated by five blinded fellowship-trained laryngologists. Each patient was examined before and after application of topical anesthetic.

Flexible laryngoscopy: a comparison of fiber optic and distal chip technologies. Part 1: vocal fold masses.

This study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of fiber optic (FO) and distal chip (DC) flexible imaging platforms in the diagnosis of true vocal fold pathology when compared to the gold standard rigid transoral laryngeal telescopic examination. The recorded strobovideolaryngoscopic examinations of 34 consecutive patients were evaluated retrospectively by five raters. All stroboscopy segments were evaluated by two laryngologists, an otolaryngologist, a laryngology fellow, and an otolaryngology resident.

Supraglottic activity: evidence of vocal hyperfunction or laryngeal articulation?

False vocal fold (FVF) adduction and compression of the arytenoid cartilages to the petiole of the epiglottis in an anterior to posterior (A-P) direction have been thought to characterize voice disorders with abnormally increased muscle tension or effort, often termed hyperfunctional voice disorders. To further evaluate the association between hyperfunctional voice disorders and supraglottic activity, we compared the incidence of static and dynamic supraglottic activity in individuals with normal laryngeal mucosa, normal voice quality, and no voice complaints to two populations: subjects with vocal fold nodules and subjects with complaints of dysphonia without visible vocal fold lesions, glottal incompetence, or impairment of arytenoid cartilage motion ("hyperfunctional" group). Thirty-two subjects were assigned to one of these three groups (10 control, 12 nodule, and 10 hyperfunctional).

The evaluation of velopharyngeal function using flexible nasendoscopy.

Nasendoscopy is an essential tool in assessing the dynamic function and structure of the velopharyngeal sphincter during speech and swallowing. Flexible fibre-optic nasendoscopy has been used by the cleft palate team at Withington Hospital, Manchester since 1989. Seventy-six patients were referred between 1989 and 1994 for evaluation of velopharyngeal function during speech.

[Dysarthric movement disorders of the velopharynx].

In this study we developed another method for the detection of nasopharyngeal closing patterns. This investigation of dynamic closure patterns was based on flexible video-nasopharyngoscopy and was undertaken in both healthy subjects and patients with dysarthria. Quantitative assessments of pharyngeal wall excursions allowed evaluation of closure patterns which were then matched with a predefined, mathematically-based algorithm.