RCT to evaluate the influence of adjuvant medical treatment of peritoneal endometriosis on the outcome of IVF.

Study Question: Does a 3-month adjuvant hormonal treatment of mild peritoneal endometriosis after laparoscopic surgery influence the outcome of IVF stimulation in terms of number of mature oocytes obtained per cycle?

Summary Answer: Complementary medical treatment of mild peritoneal endometriosis does not influence the number of oocytes per treatment cycle.

What Is Known Already: Endometriosis is a disease known to be related to infertility. However, the influence of superficial endometriosis-and its treatment-is still a matter of debate.

Results from the International Consensus Conference on Myo-inositol and d-chiro-inositol in Obstetrics and Gynecology: the link between metabolic syndrome and PCOS.

In recent years, interest has been focused to the study of the two major inositol stereoisomers: myo-inositol (MI) and d-chiro-inositol (DCI), because of their involvement, as second messengers of insulin, in several insulin-dependent processes, such as metabolic syndrome and polycystic ovary syndrome. Although these molecules have different functions, very often their roles have been confused, while the meaning of several observations still needs to be interpreted under a more rigorous physiological framework. With the aim of clarifying this issue, the 2013 International Consensus Conference on MI and DCI in Obstetrics and Gynecology identified opinion leaders in all fields related to this area of research.

A new approach for ovarian stimulation in IVF using Corifollitropin Alfa in combination with GnRH analogues to trigger final oocyte maturation. A pilot study.

A pilot study of 10 patients undergoing IVF stimulation, using the new combination of Corifollitropin Alfa with highly purified hMG and GnRH antagonists has been performed, whereas final oocyte maturation was induced by GnRH analogues. The hormonal profiles were analyzed, as well as the clinical outcome. All patients were recruited between March 1st 2013 and June 30(th) 2013.

Severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome after gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist trigger and "freeze-all" approach in GnRH antagonist protocol.

Objective: To report two cases with GnRH agonist triggering and a freeze-all approach in a GnRH antagonist protocol resulting in the development of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), requiring hospitalization and peritoneal drainage.

Design: Two case reports.

Setting: A tertiary referral center and an obstetrics and gynecology department of a hospital.

Slightly lower incidence of ectopic pregnancies in frozen embryo transfer cycles versus fresh in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To analyze the incidence of ectopic pregnancies (EPs) in fresh and frozen/thawed cycles.

Design: A retrospective cohort study on the incidence of EPs in all fresh IVF cycles from January 2002 until December 2012. This was compared with the incidence of tubal pregnancies in patients undergoing transfer of frozen/thawed embryos during the same time period.

The relationship of premature progesterone rise with serum estradiol levels and number of follicles in GnRH antagonist/recombinant FSH-stimulated cycles.

Objective(s): To investigate the relationship between premature progesterone (P) rise and serum estradiol (E(2)) levels and the number of follicles in GnRH antagonist/rec-FSH stimulated cycles.

Study Design: Two hundred and seven patients treated by IVF/ICSI at the Centre for Reproductive Medicine of the Dutch-Speaking Brussels Free University were included in this observational study. They received 200 IU/day rec-FSH from day 2 of the cycle and daily GnRH antagonist starting on day 6 of stimulation.

The role of oxytocin antagonists in repeated implantation -failure.

A prospective cohort study has been performed to find out if the administration of an oxytocin antagonist (Atosiban) at the occasion of embryo transfer has an effect on the pregnancy rate in patients with repeated failure of implantation. A total of 52 women with repeated failure of implantation after IVF/ICSI were included in this study. The ongoing pregnancy rate (OPR) in the total group of patients was 12 out of 52 (23.

Cryopreserved-thawed human embryo transfer: spontaneous natural cycle is superior to human chorionic gonadotropin-induced natural cycle.

Objective: To assess whether there is a difference in the ongoing pregnancy rate after transferring frozen-thawed embryos in natural cycles with spontaneous LH-P rise compared with natural cycles controlled by hCG for final oocyte maturation and ovulation.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Does the estradiol level on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin administration have an impact on pregnancy rates in patients treated with rec-FSH/GnRH antagonist?

Background: The purpose of this prospective observational study was to evaluate the association between estradiol (E(2)) levels on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) administration and pregnancy rates in a recombinant FSH (rec-FSH) antagonist fixed protocol.

Methods: A group of 207 patients (or=3 follicles of >or=17 mm diameter.

In vitro fertilization pregnancy in a patient with proven chronic endometritis.

Objective: To report an in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy in a patient with histologically confirmed chronic endometritis before the IVF treatment without prior antibiotherapy.

Design: Case report.

Setting: Academic reproductive medicine unit.

An update of luteal phase support in stimulated IVF cycles.

Stimulated IVF cycles are associated with luteal phase defect. In order to overcome this, different doses, durations and types of luteal phase support (LPS) have been evaluated. There is still no agreement regarding the optimal supplementation scheme.

Effect of oral administration of dydrogestrone versus vaginal administration of natural micronized progesterone on the secretory transformation of endometrium and luteal endocrine profile in patients with premature ovarian failure: a proof of concept.

Background: We aimed to explore the endometrial histology and endocrine profiles on day 21 of an artificial cycle in patients with premature ovarian failure (POF) treated with oral dydrogesterone (DG) or vaginal micronized progesterone.

Methods: The study was designed as a prospective pilot study at an academic reproductive medicine unit. Six POF patients were included in the study.

Addition of estradiol to progesterone for luteal supplementation in patients stimulated with GnRH antagonist/rFSH for IVF: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The role of progesterone for luteal support in stimulated cycles for IVF is well established. However, controversy still surrounds the benefit of additional supplementation with estradiol (E2) in GnRH agonist (GnRHa) cycles, while no such data are available for GnRH antagonists. The aim of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to compare ongoing pregnancy rates in patients stimulated with recombinant FSH (rFSH) and GnRH antagonist for IVF, who received micronized progesterone for luteal phase supplementation, with or without the addition of E2.

Evaluation of a new automated electrochemiluminescent sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) immunoassay.

Serum sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) regulates the cellular bioavailability of SHBG-bound steroid hormones. Since variations in SHBG levels may affect the concentration of free, i.e.

Preserving the reproductive potential of men and boys with cancer: current concepts and future prospects.

The introduction of ICSI has totally changed the reproductive prospects for boys and men who are treated for cancer. With post-pubertal boys and adult men, semen cryopreservation should be offered to every patient undergoing a cancer treatment since preservation of fertility cannot be guaranteed for an individual patient and treatment may shift to a more sterilizing regimen. In the ICSI era, all semen samples, even those containing only a few motile sperm, should be accepted for cryopreservation.

Decisional authority and moral responsibility of patients and clinicians in the context of preimplantation genetic diagnosis.

Case reports reveal that clinicians applying preimplantation genetic diagnosis are increasingly confronted with requests by patients which they consider ethically problematic. These requests raise the question to what extent physicians share responsibility for the welfare of the future child. Two categories of situations are analysed: when patients unilaterally review the agreement made with the medical staff and when they request an application that increases rather than reduces the risk of having a termination of pregnancy.

Clomiphene citrate versus letrozole for ovarian stimulation: a pilot study.

The purpose of this pilot study was to compare the endocrinological environment of cycles stimulated with clomiphene citrate (CC) or letrozole. Fifteen patients undergoing intrauterine insemination (IUI) received from day 3 to day 7 of the cycle either letrozole 2.5 mg/day (n = 7) or clomiphene citrate 100 mg/day (n = 8).