Food and alcohol disturbance among people who have undergone bariatric surgery.

There have been numerous investigations of aberrant eating and substance abuse among patients who have undergone bariatric surgery, which affects the metabolism and the pharmacokinetics of alcohol. However, there is a dearth of literature considering the complex interplay between changes in post-surgery food and alcohol consumption. Furthermore, despite the increasing recognition of issues surrounding replacing food consumption with alcohol consumption (Food and Alcohol Disturbance [FAD]), most emerging research has focused on young adult populations.

Adherence to mobile-app-based dietary self-monitoring-Impact on weight loss in adults.

Objectives: Greater dietary self-monitoring adherence is associated with weight loss, however, the dietary self-monitoring adherence criteria that predict weight loss are unknown. The criteria used to define adherence to dietary self-monitoring in obesity treatment tend to vary, particularly in studies that include dietary self-monitoring via mobile applications (apps). The objectives of this study were to (a) determine weight change outcomes related to app-based dietary self-monitoring and (b) determine the associations between the frequency, consistency, and completeness of dietary self-monitoring and weight change.

Status and distribution of jaguarundi in Texas and Northeastern México: Making the case for extirpation and initiation of recovery in the United States.

The jaguarundi ( is a small felid with a historical range from central Argentina through southern Texas. Information on the current distribution of this reclusive species is needed to inform recovery strategies in the United States where its last record was in 1986 in Texas. From 2003 to 2021, we conducted camera-trap surveys across southern Texas and northern Tamaulipas, México to survey for medium-sized wild cats (i.

Projected impacts of climate change on snow leopard habitat in Qinghai Province, China.

Assessing species' vulnerability to climate change is a prerequisite for developing effective strategies to reduce emerging climate-related threats. We used the maximum entropy algorithm (MaxEnt model) to assess potential changes in suitable snow leopard () habitat in Qinghai Province, China, under a mild climate change scenario. Our results showed that the area of suitable snow leopard habitat in Qinghai Province was 302,821 km under current conditions and 228,997 km under the 2050s climatic scenario, with a mean upward shift in elevation of 90 m.

Interligand communication in a metal mediated LL'CT system - a case study.

A series of oxo-Mo(iv) complexes, [MoO(Dt)(Dt)] (where Dt = benzene-1,2-dithiol (bdt), toluene-3,4-dithiol (tdt), quinoxaline-2,3-dithiol (qdt), or 3,6-dichloro-benzene-1,2-dithiol (bdtCl); Dt = ,'-dimethylpiperazine-2,3-dithione (MeDt) or ,'-diisopropylpiperazine-2,3-dithione ( PrDt)), possessing a fully oxidized and a fully reduced dithiolene ligand have been synthesized and characterized. The assigned oxidation states of coordinated dithiolene ligands are supported with spectral and crystallographic data. The molecular structure of [MoO(tdt)( PrDt)] () demonstrates a large ligand fold angle of 62.

Cardiac Arrest Induced by Asphyxia Versus Ventricular Fibrillation Elicits Comparable Early Changes in Cytokine Levels in the Rat Brain, Heart, and Serum.

Background Current postresuscitative care after cardiac arrest (CA) does not address the cause of CA. We previously reported that asphyxial CA (ACA) and ventricular fibrillation CA (VFCA) elicit unique injury signatures. We hypothesized that the early cytokine profiles of the serum, heart, and brain differ in response to ACA versus VFCA.

Syntheses, spectroscopic, redox, and structural properties of homoleptic Iron(III/II) dithione complexes.

Two sets of Fe dithione complexes [Fe( PrDt)][PF] ([1][PF]), [Fe(MeDt)][PF] ([2][PF]), and [Fe( PrDt)][PF] ([3][PF]), [Fe(MeDt)][PF] ([4][PF]), and compound [Fe( PrDt)][FeCl][PF] ([3][FeCl][PF]) were synthesized from ,'-diisopropyl piperazine-2,3-dithione ( PrDt) and ,'-dimethyl piperazine-2,3-dithione (MeDt) ligands. Complexes [1][PF]-[4][PF] have been characterized by NMR, IR, and UV-visible spectroscopies, and by electrochemistry. The molecular structures of [2][PF] and [3][FeCl][PF] have been determined by X-ray crystallography.

Identifying the risk regions of house break-ins caused by Tibetan brown bears () in the Sanjiangyuan region, China.

Damage to homesteads by brown bears () has become commonplace in Asia, Europe, and the Americas. Science-based solutions for preventing damages can contribute to the establishment of mechanisms that promote human-bear coexistence. We examined the spatial distribution patterns of house break-ins by Tibetan brown bears () in Zhiduo County of the Sanjiangyuan region in China.

Water-borne and plasma corticosterone are not correlated in spotted salamanders.

Water-borne hormone measurement is a noninvasive method suitable for amphibians of all sizes that are otherwise difficult to sample. For this method, containment-water is assayed for hormones released by the animal. Originally developed in fish, the method has expanded to amphibians, but requires additional species-specific validations.

Identifying climate refugia and its potential impact on Tibetan brown bear () in Sanjiangyuan National Park, China.

Climate change has direct impacts on wildlife and future biodiversity protection efforts. Vulnerability assessment and habitat connectivity analyses are necessary for drafting effective conservation strategies for threatened species such as the Tibetan brown bear (). We used the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model to assess the current (1950-2000) and future (2041-2060) habitat suitability by combining bioclimatic and environmental variables, and identified potential climate refugia for Tibetan brown bears in Sanjiangyuan National Park, China.

Touchscreen tablet-based cognitive assessment versus paper-based assessments for traumatic brain injury.

Background: Electronic cognitive assessment tools present potential benefits for clinical practice; however, they warrant examination before use with clinical populations such as people with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Objective: The primary study purpose was to compare results from a tablet-based, electronic cognitive assessment to two paper cognitive assessments when administered to adults with TBI. We also explored the effect of iPad comfort on performance.

Evaluating Marine Cyanobacteria as a Source for CNS Receptor Ligands.

Natural products have a long history as a source of psychoactive agents and pharmacological tools for understanding the brain and its circuitry. In the last two decades, marine cyanobacteria have become a standard source of natural product ligands with cytotoxic properties. The study of cyanobacterial metabolites as CNS modulatory agents has remained largely untapped, despite the need for new molecules to treat and understand CNS disorders.

Drug conjugates-an emerging approach to treat breast cancer.

Breast cancer treatment using a single drug is associated with a high failure rate due, in part, to the heterogeneity of drug response within individuals, nonspecific target action, drug toxicity, and/or development of resistance. Use of dual-drug therapies, including drug conjugates, may help overcome some of these roadblocks by more selective targeting of the cancer cell and by acting at multiple drug targets rather than one. Drug-conjugate approaches include linking drugs to antibodies (antibody-drug conjugates), radionuclides (radioimmunoconjugates), nanoparticles (nanoparticle-drug conjugates), or to other drugs (drug-drug conjugates).

Relational autonomy in informed consent (RAIC) as an ethics of care approach to the concept of informed consent.

The perspectives of the dominant Western ethical theories, have dominated the concepts of autonomy and informed consent for many years. Recently this dominant understanding has been challenged by ethics of care which, although, also emanates from the West presents a more nuanced concept: relational autonomy, which is more faithful to our human experience. By paying particular attention to relational autonomy, particularity and Process approach to ethical deliberations in ethics of care, this paper seeks to construct a concept of informed consent from the perspective of ethics of care which is here called relational autonomy-in-informed consent (RAIC).

Multidimensional Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Identification of Bioactive Fatty Acyl Derivatives.

Recognition of the contributions of lipids to cellular physiology, both as structural components of the membrane and as modulatory ligands for membrane proteins, has increased in recent years with the development of the biophysical and biochemical tools to examine these effects. Their modulatory roles in ion channels and transporters function have been extensively characterized, with the molecular mechanisms of these activities being the subject of intense scrutiny. The physiological significance of lipids in biochemistry is expanding as numerous fatty acyls are discovered to possess signaling properties.

Expertise and decision-making in American football.

In American football, pass interference calls can be difficult to make, especially when the timing of contact between players is ambiguous. American football history contains many examples of controversial pass interference decisions, often with fans, players, and officials interpreting the same event differently. The current study sought to evaluate the influence of experience with concepts important for officiating decisions in American football on the probability (i.