Morphological Control of Y6 Thin Films Reveals Charge Transfer Is Facilitated by Co-facial Interactions.

The organic semiconductor Y6 has been extensively used as an acceptor in organic photovoltaic devices, yielding high efficiencies. Its unique properties include a high refractive index, intrinsic exciton dissociation, and barrierless charge generation in bulk heterojunctions. However, the direct impact of the crystal packing morphology on the photophysics of Y6 has remained elusive, hindering further development of heterojunction and homojunction devices.

Sepsis in Northern Tanzania: A Prospective Observational Study of Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Outcomes for Adolescents and Adults With Sepsis.

Background: Despite a high burden of sepsis in Sub-Saharan Africa, clinical data for adolescent and adult sepsis in this setting are limited. We sought to describe clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes in adolescents and adults with sepsis in northern Tanzania. We also assessed for clinical associations with in-hospital mortality.

A faunal inventory of methane seeps on the Pacific margin of Costa Rica.

The methane seeps on the Pacific margin of Costa Rica support extensive animal diversity and offer insights into deep-sea biogeography. During five expeditions between 2009 and 2019, we conducted intensive faunal sampling via 63 submersible dives to 11 localities at depths of 300-3600 m. Based on these expeditions and published literature, we compiled voucher specimens, images, and 274 newly published DNA sequences to present a taxonomic inventory of macrofaunal and megafaunal diversity with a focus on invertebrates.

School Attendance Among Autistic Students in Aotearoa/New Zealand: A Population Cross-Sectional Study Using the Integrated Data Infrastructure.

Background: Extant literature indicates autistic students have lower school attendance compared to the general population. However, there remains considerable heterogeneity between studies, a lack of large population-based studies beyond the UK and US, and insufficient consideration of age and sex differences in attendance rates. The aim of this study was to examine school attendance among autistic compared with non-autistic students including stratification by age and sex.

Fatty acid oxidation-induced HIF-1α activation facilitates hepatic urate synthesis through upregulating NT5C2 and XDH.

Dyslipidemia affects approximately half of all people with gout, and prior Mendelian randomization analysis suggested a causal role for elevated triglycerides in hyperuricemia (HU), but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We hypothesize that dyslipidemia promotes hepatic urate biosynthesis in HU and gout and fatty acid (FA) oxidation (FAO) drives this process. Here we developed a targeted metabolomics to quantify major metabolites in purine metabolic pathway in the sera of a human cohort with HU, gout, and normaluricemic controls.

Application of the 2023 World Heart Federation guidelines for the echocardiographic diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease.

Rheumatic heart disease remains prevalent in some regions of Australia and New Zealand. Echocardiography is the gold standard for detection and diagnosis using the 2023 World Heart Federation guidelines. The guidelines describe specific features of mitral and aortic valve morphology and define pathological regurgitation associated with RHD.

Klebsiella liver phlegmon mimicking a solid liver tumour.

Introduction: This case examines the sonographic and clinical challenge of diagnosing a pyogenic liver abscess with systemic metastatic infection.

Case Description: The patient in this case study is an 81-year-old man who presented with intermittent rigors. Following radiological and clinical assessments, a pyogenic liver abscess, with evidence of systemic metastatic infection, was diagnosed.

Realizing zero-threshold population inversion plasmonic doping.

Lowering the population inversion threshold is key to leveraging quantum dots (QDs) for nanoscale lasing and laser miniaturization. However, optical realization of population inversion in QDs has an inherent limitation: the number of excited electrons per QD is bound by the absorbed photons. Here we show that one can break this population limit and realize near-zero threshold inversion plasmonic doping.

Bidirectional effects of neutrophils on biofilms .

Background: is a commensal bacterium and an early biofilm coloniser found in the human oral cavity. One of the biofilm matrix constituents is bacterial extracellular DNA (eDNA). Neutrophils are innate immune cells that respond to biofilms, employing antimicrobial mechanisms such as neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) release.

The Perspectives and Experiences of Physiotherapists on Implementing Self-Management Support in Inpatient Hospital Settings.

Background And Purpose: As health systems come under increasing pressure, supporting patients to self-manage their own condition is becoming increasingly important. A shift towards a more holistic, person-centred approach to healthcare in the hospital setting, through enhancing self-management support (SMS), is required to empower patients to increase independence in managing their own conditions. The study aim was to explore how physiotherapists perceive and implement SMS with patients in hospital inpatient settings.

Overcoming Shifting Baselines: Paleo-Behaviour Reveals Industrial Revolution as Tipping Point.

Human activities have significantly altered coastal ecosystems worldwide. The phenomenon of shifting baselines syndrome (SBS) complicates our understanding of these changes, masking the true scale of human impacts. This study investigates the long-term ecological effects of anthropogenic activities on New Zealand's coastal ecosystems over 800 years using fish otolith microchemical profiling and dynamic time warping across an entire stock unit.

Narrow Versus Standard Diameter Implants for Supporting Single Crown Restorations in the Posterior Jaw: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Objectives: The aim of this randomised controlled trial was to assess clinical, radiographic and patient reported outcomes of narrow versus standard diameter titanium zirconium (TiZr) implants supporting single crown restorations in posterior sites with limited bone width.

Materials And Methods: Participants requiring replacement of single missing posterior teeth with implant-supported crowns were randomly allocated into 2 treatment groups: narrow (3.3 mm) or standard (4.

ESG introduction mechanism of construction firms based on Bayesian network coupled with machine learning: Evidence from Zhengzhou.

Chinese construction enterprises are at a pivotal point in their transition to sustainable development, with Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) emerging as a key driver. However, limited understanding of ESG mechanisms hampers effective management strategies. To address this challenge, this study constructs an ESG introduction mechanism framework based on Bayesian networks and machine learning algorithms.

HDAC1 and HDAC2 Are Involved in Influenza A Virus-Induced Nuclear Translocation of Ectopically Expressed STAT3-GFP.

Influenza A virus (IAV) remains a pandemic threat. Particularly, the evolution and increased interspecies and intercontinental transmission of avian IAV H5N1 subtype highlight the importance of continuously studying the IAV and identifying the determinants of its pathogenesis. Host innate antiviral response is the first line of defense against IAV infection, and the transcription factor, the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), has emerged as a critical component of this response.

Atlas of Interactions Between Decoration Proteins and Major Capsid Proteins of Coliphage N4.

Coliphage N4 is a representative species of the family of bacteriophages. Originally structurally studied in 2008, the capsid structure was solved to 14 Å to reveal an interesting arrangement of Ig-like decoration proteins across the surface of the capsid. Herein, we present a high-resolution N4 structure, reporting a 2.

Location and Movement of the Oxytocin Receptor Differ Between the Normal and Diseased Prostate.

Background: In normal prostate cells, receptors for oxytocin (OT), a peptide involved in regulating prostate growth are sequestered within membrane microdomains called caveolae. During cancer progression, polymerase-transcript-release factor (PTRF) is downregulated, caveolae structures are lost and receptors move onto the cell membrane. This study investigated whether proteins responsible for caveolae formation were affected by the OT peptide, also, how OT treatment affected oxytocin receptor (OTR) movement within living cells.

Predictors of prolonged hospital stay of pelvic ring and acetabular fractures - a retrospective analysis in a 10-year period of a level 1 trauma center.

Background: Pelvic ring and acetabular fractures are among the most complicated and severe injury patterns in orthopaedic trauma surgery. Inpatient treatment is not only costly but also very time-consuming. The aim of this study is to identify predictors leading to a prolonged length of hospital stay.

Relationship Between the 2019 Ridgecrest, California, 7.1 Earthquake and Its 6.4 Foreshock Sequence.

The 2019 Ridgecrest 7.1 earthquake has received significant attention due to its complex fault activity. It is also noticeable for its 6.

Perceptual Disturbances and Disorders in the ICD-11: An Overview and a Proposal for Systematic Classification.

The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) has been developed and edited by the World Health Organisation and represents the global standard for recording health information and causes of death. The ICD-11 is the eleventh revision and came into effect on 1 January 2022. Perceptual disturbances refer to abnormalities in the way sensory information is interpreted by the brain, leading to distortions in the perception of reality.

Squamate reptiles may have compensated for the lack of γδTCR with a duplication of the TRB locus.

Squamate reptiles are amongst the most successful terrestrial vertebrate lineages, with over 10,000 species across a broad range of ecosystems. Despite their success, squamates are also amongst the least studied lineages immunologically. Recently, a universal lack of γδ T cells in squamates due to deletions of the genes encoding the T cell receptor (TCR) γ and δ chains was discovered.

Combined anterior and posterior miniscrews increase apical root resorption of maxillary incisors in protrusion and premolar extraction cases.

Objective: Miniscrews are commonly utilized as temporary anchorage devices (TADs) in cases of maxillary protrusion and premolar extraction. This study aimed to investigate the effects and potential side effects of two conventional miniscrew configurations on the maxillary incisors.

Methods: Eighty-two adult patients with maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion who had undergone bilateral first premolar extraction were retrospectively divided into three groups: non-TAD, two posterior miniscrews only (P-TADs), and two anterior and two posterior miniscrews combined (AP-TADs).

Assessing paediatric blood culture quality: surveys of clinician and laboratory practices in Australia and New Zealand.

Paediatric blood cultures are vital for the diagnosis of paediatric bloodstream infections. Quality of paediatric blood culture collection, processing and reporting depend on multiple factors, with a paucity of literature describing these in practice. We conducted separate surveys of clinicians and laboratory staff to assess quality standards and knowledge related to paediatric blood culture collection, analysis, and interpretation to identify improvement opportunities.

Multi-stressor dynamics: Effects of marine heatwave stress and harmful algal blooms on juvenile mussel (Perna canaliculus) survival and physiology.

In New Zealand, the frequency and intensity of marine heatwaves (MHWs) and blooms of the harmful algal species, Alexandrium pacificum, are increasing in areas where there are natural reefs and commercial farms of the mussel, Perna canaliculus. In this study, we assessed the whole organism, tissue and molecular-level response of juvenile (spat) P. canaliculus exposed to these abiotic and biotic stressors, alone and together.

A highly sensitive and fast-response fluorescence nanoprobe for in vivo imaging of hypochlorous acid.

Fluorescent probes for in vivo hypochlorous acid (HClO) imaging often face challenges of low selectivity and high cytotoxicity, largely due to poor analyte recognition and water-insoluble aromatic skeletons. To address this, we synthesized fluorescein hydrazide by introducing a spiro-lactam unit into fluorescein, which offers high emission intensity and molar absorption. The five-membered heterocycle in fluorescein hydrazide is selectively disrupted by HClO, enhancing the conjugated system and electron delocalization of the fluorophore, resulting in highly sensitive fluorescence detection of HClO.