Anatomic Outcomes With Faricimab vs. Aflibercept in the Head-to-Head Dosing Phase of the TENAYA/LUCERNE Trials in Neovascular AMD.

Purpose: To compare early anatomic outcomes following treatment with faricimab vs. aflibercept in a pooled analysis of the head-to-head dosing phase of the TENAYA/LUCERNE trials in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Design: TENAYA/LUCERNE (NCT03823287/NCT03823300) were identical, randomized, double-masked, active comparator-controlled phase 3 noninferiority trials.

Prehabilitation Outcomes in Surgical Oncology Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Control Trials.

Background: Prehabilitation has been increasingly utilized to optimize perioperative outcomes. In this study, we aim to evaluate the impact of uni- and multimodal prehabilitation on functional capacity and postoperative outcomes among surgical oncology patients undergoing major abdominal surgery.

Patients And Methods: Three electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane) were systematically searched up until December 2023.

SenMayo transcriptomic senescence panel highlights glial cells in the ageing mouse and human retina.

There is a growing need to better characterise senescent cells in the CNS and retina. The recently published SenMayo gene panel was developed to identify transcriptomic signatures of senescence across multiple organ systems, but the retina was not included. While other approaches have identified senescent signatures in the retina, these have largely focused on experimental models in young animals.

The changing treatment landscape of EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer.

The discovery of the association between EGFR mutations and the efficacy of EGFR tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has revolutionized the treatment paradigm for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Currently, third-generation EGFR TKIs, which are often characterized by potent central nervous system penetrance, are the standard-of-care first-line treatment for advanced-stage EGFR-mutant NSCLC. Rational combinations of third-generation EGFR TKIs with anti-angiogenic drugs, chemotherapy, the EGFR-MET bispecific antibody amivantamab or local tumour ablation are being investigated as strategies to delay drug resistance and increase clinical benefit.

Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes in Unilateral Coats disease - a Global Collaborative Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in unilateral Coats disease in the era of anti-VEGF therapy.

Design: Global, multicenter, retrospective case series.

Subjects: 656 eyes of 656 subjects with Coats disease were included in this study.

The "invisible ceiling" of bystander CPR in three Asian countries: Descriptive study of national OHCA registry.

Background: Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) has increased in Singapore, Japan, and South Korea following the implementation of several public health, bystander-focused interventions, such as dispatcher-assisted CPR and community CPR training. It is unclear whether bystander CPR prevalence will continue on this trajectory over time. This study aimed to investigate the temporal trends of bystander CPR prevalence over a ten-year period in these three Asian countries.

Definition of Palliative Surgery in Cancer Care: A Systematic Review.

Palliative surgery is commonly performed in cancer centers worldwide. Yet, there is little agreement on the definition of palliative surgery or its relevant outcomes. This systematic review sought to characterize the definitions of palliative surgery and outcomes for patients with cancer undergoing thoraco-abdominal procedures.

Screening for cognitive symptoms in dialysis patients with an extended version of Kidney Disease Quality of Life Cognitive Function subscale (KDQOL-CF): a validation study.

Background: Cognitive impairment and cognitive complaints are highly prevalent in haemodialysis patients and are associated with adverse health outcomes. Currently, there is no established guideline on cognitive screening in this population. Although neuropsychological tests are the gold standard measure of cognition, they are time-consuming and require trained personnel.

Effect of yoga on balance, falls, and bone metabolism: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials in healthy individuals.

Unlabelled: This systematic review of 18 RCTs assessed the impact of yoga on balance, fall risk, fear of falling, bone mineral density (BMD), and bone turnover markers in healthy individuals. Yoga significantly improved balance but its effects on BMD were inconclusive. Standardised protocols and longer-term studies are needed.

The ClinGen Syndromic Disorders Gene Curation Expert Panel: Assessing the Clinical Validity of 111 Gene-Disease Relationships.

Purpose: The Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) Gene Curation Expert Panels (GCEPs) have historically focused on specific organ systems or phenotypes; thus, the ClinGen Syndromic Disorders GCEP (SD-GCEP) was formed to address an unmet need.

Methods: The SD-GCEP applied ClinGen's framework to evaluate the clinical validity of genes associated with rare syndromic disorders. 111 Gene-Disease Relationships (GDRs) associated with 100 genes spanning the clinical spectrum of syndromic disorders were curated.

The interaction effects between summer heat exposure and economic development on the settlement intention in floating population in China.

Limited studies examined the interaction effects between summer heat exposure and economic development on the settlement intention, especially for the floating population. Binary logistic regression model was used to examine the association of summer temperature, per capita GRDP (PGRDP), summer temperature × PGRDP with settlement intention. Additive interaction term for summer temperature and PGRDP level was used to test the interactive effects.

Spatiotemporal evolution and transmission dynamics of Alpha and Delta SARS-CoV-2 variants contributing to sequential outbreaks in Cambodia during 2021.

Background: Tracking the emergence, introduction and spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern are essential for informing public health strategies. In 2021, Cambodia faced two major epidemic waves of SARS-CoV-2 triggered by the successive rise of the Alpha and Delta variants.

Methods: Phylodynamic analysis of 1,163 complete SARS-CoV-2 genomes from Cambodia, along with global sequences, were conducted between February and September 2021 to infer viral introductions, molecular epidemiology and population dynamics.

Comparison of MRI head motion indicators in 40,969 subjects informs neuroimaging study design.

Head motion during MRI compromises image quality for clinical assessments and research. Active motion reduction strategies are effective but rarely applied due to uncertainty in their value for a given study. The ability to anticipate motion based on group characteristics would aid effective neuroimaging study design.

Association of Abnormal Body Weight and Allergic Rhinitis-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent inflammatory condition of the nasal mucosa, with significant burden worldwide. While studies have demonstrated a relationship between body mass index (BMI) and other atopic diseases, its association with AR is uncertain. This study aims to clarify the association between non-normal BMI and AR.

Macular Capillary Nonperfusion in Eyes With Stable Laser-Treated Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

Importance: Some eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) treated to stability with panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) continue to lose vision without diabetic macular edema. One presumed cause is macular capillary nonperfusion (CNP)-associated ischemia or infarction. Natural history data of macular CNP might guide treatment trials for it.

Ethyl chloride poisoning from inhalational misuse: clinical features and outcomes.

Introduction: Ethyl chloride misuse remains a prevailing concern due to its accessibility, but detailed descriptions of the features of toxicity are limited to sporadic reports, resulting in knowledge gaps in their clinical features and diagnosis.

Objective: To describe the clinical features, treatment, and outcomes of patients reported in the literature who developed toxicity from inhalational use of ethyl chloride.

Methods: We reviewed relevant literature over the past 50 years and analyzed the characteristics and outcomes of patients with toxicity from the inhalational use of ethyl chloride.

Impact of Antibiotics and Chronic Medications on Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background And Aims: The interaction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and concomitant medications such as antibiotics, metformin, statins, beta-blockers, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and low-dose aspirin has been studied in other malignancies. Our study aims to investigate the relationship between these medications and ICI efficacy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC).

Methods: A retrospective review of patients who received at least one dose of ICIs between May 2015 and November 2019 was performed.

Factors Associated with Chronic Chikungunya in Vitória, Espírito Santo State, Brazil, Between 2016 and 2020.

Chikungunya patients may develop chronic joint pain that can persist for months to years. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with Chikungunya chronicity. This case-control study involved data from patients with laboratory-confirmed Chikungunya reported from March 2016 to December 2020 in Vitória, Espírito Santo state, Brazil.

Decoding Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Clinician's Guide to Functional Profiling.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a complex clonal disorder characterized by clinical, genetic, metabolomic, and epigenetic heterogeneity resulting in the uncontrolled proliferation of aberrant blood-forming precursor cells. Despite advancements in the understanding of the genetic, metabolic, and epigenetic landscape of AML, it remains a significant therapeutic challenge. Functional profiling techniques, such as BH3 profiling (BP), gene expression profiling (GEP), proteomics, metabolomics, drug sensitivity/resistance testing (DSRT), CRISPR/Cas9, and RNAi screens offer valuable insights into the functional behavior of leukemia cells.

A Novel Hybrid Model for Automatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Classification Using Histopathological Images.

: Despite recent advances in research, cancer remains a significant public health concern and a leading cause of death. Among all cancer types, lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths, with most cases linked to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Accurate classification of NSCLC subtypes is essential for developing treatment strategies.