Citrus peel extract protects against diesel exhaust particle-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-like lung lesions and oxidative stress.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide and characterized by emphysema, small airway remodeling and mucus hypersecretion. Citrus peels have been widely used as food spices and in traditional Chinese medicine for chronic lung disease. Given that citrus peels are known for containing antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds, we hypothesize that citrus peel intake can suppress oxidative stress and inflammatory response to air pollution exposure, thereby alleviating COPD-like pathologies.

Sequencing polymers to enable solid-state lithium batteries.

Rational designs of solid polymer electrolytes with high ion conduction are critical in enabling the creation of advanced lithium batteries. However, known polymer electrolytes have much lower ionic conductivity than liquid/ceramics at room temperature, which limits their practical use in batteries. Here we show that precise positioning of designed repeating units in alternating polymer sequences lays the foundation for homogenized Li distribution, non-aggregated Li-anion solvation and sequence-assisted site-to-site ion migration, facilitating the tuning of Li conductivity by up to three orders of magnitude.

Immunization coverage, knowledge, satisfaction, and associated factors of non-National Immunization Program vaccines among migrant and left-behind families in China: evidence from Zhejiang and Henan provinces.

Background: Migrant and left-behind families are vulnerable in health services utilization, but little is known about their disparities in immunization of non-National Immunization Program (NIP) vaccines. This study aims to evaluate the immunization coverage, knowledge, satisfaction, and associated factors of non-NIP vaccines among local and migrant families in the urban areas and non-left-behind and left-behind families in the rural areas of China.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in urban areas of Zhejiang and rural areas of Henan in China.

The value of the International Association for the Study of Pain to career development: perspectives of trainee and early career members.

Supporting its young members has been a key priority of the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) for the past 5 decades. The IASP, along with its federations, chapters, and special interest groups, has provided benefits to its trainee and early career members for their career development. This article summarizes various key IASP initiatives and benefits offered to IASP members and how these benefits have positively impacted their careers, including examples from the authors of this article.

The impact of growth monitoring and promotion on health indicators in children under five years of age in low- and middle-income countries.

Background: Undernutrition in the critical first 1000 days of life is the most common form of childhood malnutrition, and a significant problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The effects of undernutrition in children aged under five years are wide-ranging and include increased susceptibility to and severity of infections; impaired physical and cognitive development, which diminishes school and work performance later in life; and death. Growth monitoring and promotion (GMP) is a complex intervention that comprises regular measurement and charting of growth combined with promotion activities.

Alternative magnesium sulphate regimens for women with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.

Background: Magnesium sulphate is the drug of choice for the prevention and treatment of women with eclampsia. Regimens for administration of this drug have evolved over the years, but there is no clarity on the comparative benefits or harm of alternative regimens. This is an update of a review first published in 2010.

Asymmetric split-ring plasmonic nanostructures for the optical sensing of .

Strategies for in-liquid micro-organism detection are crucial for the clinical and pharmaceutical industries. While Raman spectroscopy is a promising label-free technique for micro-organism detection, it remains challenging due to the weak bacterial Raman signals. In this work, we exploit the unique electromagnetic properties of metamaterials to identify bacterial components in liquid using an array of Fano-resonant metamolecules.

Development of a multi-feature-combined model: proof-of-concept with application to local failure prediction of post-SBRT or surgery early-stage NSCLC patients.

Objective: To develop a Multi-Feature-Combined (MFC) model for proof-of-concept in predicting local failure (LR) in NSCLC patients after surgery or SBRT using pre-treatment CT images. This MFC model combines handcrafted radiomic features, deep radiomic features, and patient demographic information in an integrated machine learning workflow.

Methods: The MFC model comprised three key steps.

Theta-band phase locking during encoding leads to coordinated entorhinal-hippocampal replay.

Precisely timed interactions between hippocampal and cortical neurons during replay epochs are thought to support learning. Indeed, research has shown that replay is associated with heightened hippocampal-cortical synchrony. Yet many caveats remain in our understanding.

Association of Childhood Adversity With Frailty and the Mediating Role of Unhealthy Lifestyle: A Lifespan Analysis.

Objectives: Childhood adversity and lifestyle have been associated with frailty in later life, but not much is known about factors that may explain these associations. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association of childhood adversity with frailty, and the mediating role of unhealthy lifestyle in the association.

Methods: This lifespan analysis included 152,914 adults aged 40-69 years old from the UK Biobank.

Cultural difference in the role of communion in coping with COVID-19.

Objective: People are overwhelmed with COVID-19 news every day, which induces stress but also makes people feel connected to others. The present study examined two conflicting pressures of COVID-19-stress and communion-on the link between COVID-19 saliency and psychological consequences in two cultures. Specifically, we aimed to examine whether COVID-19 saliency and daily emotional experiences are mediated by COVID-19 stress and communion, and whether the relation between communion and daily emotions is emphasized among Koreans compared to U.

Expressive Language Profiles in a Clinical Screening Sample of Mandarin-Speaking Preschool Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Purpose: This cross-sectional study aimed to depict expressive language profiles and clarify lexical-grammatical interrelationships in Mandarin-speaking preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) during the administration of the simplified Chinese Psychoeducational Profile-Third Edition screening.

Method: We collected naturalistic language samples from 81 (74 boys, seven girls) 2- to 7-year-old ( = 55.6 months, = 15.

A multisectoral and multidisciplinary endeavor: a review of diabetes self-management apps in China.

Background: While the use of self-management apps has considerable promise to efficiently reduce the diabetes burden that disproportionally affects low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and the multisectoral and multidisciplinary approaches have been encouraged to be used in diabetes management, little is known about the status of the integration of these approaches in the existing diabetes self-management apps. This review examines the diabetes apps in China as an indication of the current status of integrating multisectoral and multidisciplinary approaches in diabetes mHealth care in LMICs.

Methods: Eligible diabetes apps were searched on major Chinese app stores up to December 23, 2022.

The impact of educational lifestyle intervention on body weight and psychological health among overweight/obese patients with severe mental disorders.

Background: There was a high prevalence of overweight/obesity among patients with severe mental disorders (SMD). However, studies on the lifestyle-based interventions in patients with SMD are limited.

Objective: To examine the effects of an educational lifestyle intervention on body weight and psychological health among Chinese community-dwelling overweight/obese patients with SMD.

Intraindividual variability in parental acceptance-rejection predicts externalizing and internalizing symptoms across childhood/adolescence in nine countries.

Parenting that is high in rejection and low in acceptance is associated with higher levels of internalizing (INT) and externalizing (EXT) problems in children and adolescents. These symptoms develop and can increase in severity to negatively impact adolescents' social, academic, and emotional functioning. However, there are two major gaps in the extant literature: (a) nearly all prior research has focused on between-person differences in acceptance/rejection at the expense of examining intraindividual variability (IIV) across time in acceptance/rejection; and (b) no prior studies examine IIV in acceptance/rejection in diverse international samples.

Local flux coordination and global gene expression regulation in metabolic modeling.

Genome-scale metabolic networks (GSMs) are fundamental systems biology representations of a cell's entire set of stoichiometrically balanced reactions. However, such static GSMs do not incorporate the functional organization of metabolic genes and their dynamic regulation (e.g.

Gestational age modifies the association between exposure to fine particles and fetal death: findings from a nationwide epidemiological study in the contiguous United States.

Backgrounds: The vulnerability of fetuses differs at different developmental stages, in response to environmental stressors such as fine particulate matter (PM), a ubiquitous air pollutant. Whether gestational age (GA) modifies the association between prenatal fine particulate matter (PM) exposure and fetal death remains unclear.

Methods: We selected approximately 47.

Quantifying U-Net uncertainty in multi-parametric MRI-based glioma segmentation by spherical image projection.

Background: Uncertainty quantification in deep learning is an important research topic. For medical image segmentation, the uncertainty measurements are usually reported as the likelihood that each pixel belongs to the predicted segmentation region. In potential clinical applications, the uncertainty result reflects the algorithm's robustness and supports the confidence and trust of the segmentation result when the ground-truth result is absent.

Opportunities and challenges of tackling Scope 3 "Indirect" emissions from residential hot water.

The water sector could play a major role towards a Net Zero greenhouse gas (GHG) future if Scope 3 emissions were embraced and operationalised. Significant opportunities and challenges exist in tackling Scope 3 emissions including those associated with customer hot water use. Present GHG emission reduction practices predominantly focus on Scope 1 "within utility" and Scope 2 "purchased energy" emissions.

COVID-19 may have increased global support for universal health coverage: multi-country observational study.

Introduction: The multiple risks generated by the COVID-19 pandemic intensified the debate about healthcare access and coverage. Whether the burden of disease caused by the coronavirus outbreak changed public opinion about healthcare provision remains unclear. In this study, it was specifically examined if the pandemic changed support for governmental intervention in healthcare as a proxy to support for universal health coverage (UHC).

Association between Childhood Asthma Control Test scores and lung pathophysiologic indicators in longitudinal measurements.

Background: Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) is a well-validated questionnaire for asthma controls among 4-11 years old children. This study aims to examine if longitudinal C-ACT score changes could also reflect lung pathophysiologic changes.

Methods: Thirty-seven children (43% female) aged 5 to 10 years old with mild or moderate asthma were followed up for 6 weeks with bi-weekly assessments of C-ACT, airway mechanics, lung function and respiratory inflammation.

Arriving late and lean at a stopover site is selected against in a declining migratory bird population.

Loss and/or deterioration of refuelling habitats have caused population declines in many migratory bird species but whether this results from unequal mortality among individuals varying in migration traits remains to be shown. Based on 13 years of body mass and size data of great knots (Calidris tenuirostris) at a stopover site of the Yellow Sea, combined with resightings of individuals marked at this stopover site along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway, we assessed year to year changes in annual apparent survival rates, and how apparent survival differed between migration phenotypes (i.e.