Extended anticoagulation for unprovoked venous thromboembolism.

After completing anticoagulation therapy for acute venous thromboembolism (VTE), patients with unprovoked VTE are at increased risk of recurrent thrombotic events. Recent studies suggest a risk of nearly 10% in the first year after stopping anticoagulants and 30% at 8 years. Therefore, it is important to consider extended anticoagulation for secondary prevention in these high-risk patients.

Heat-targeted drug delivery: A promising approach for organsparing treatment of bladder cancer.THERMODOX®.

Disease recurrence and progression remain as significant challenges for the management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). In recent years, novel drugs and delivery systems have been investigated as strategies to reduce recurrence, progression and mortality. In this review, we focus on the role of intravesical hyperthermic chemotherapy and discuss a novel approach involving a heat-activated drug delivery system (ThermoDox®) that enables local accumulation of systemic chemotherapy.

Effect of a transactional model education program on coping effectiveness in women with multiple sclerosis.

Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and progressive disease that causes stress due to its unpredictability and lack of definitive treatments. This study examined the effects of an educational program using a transactional model to help women with MS cope with their disease.

Materials And Methods: In a randomized clinical trial, 80 female patients from the MS Society of Iran were randomized to the intervention ( = 40) or a control group ( = 40).

Rat intersubjective decisions are encoded by frequency-specific oscillatory contexts.

Introduction: It is unknown how the brain coordinates decisions to withstand personal costs in order to prevent other individuals' distress. Here we test whether local field potential (LFP) oscillations between brain regions create "neural contexts" that select specific brain functions and encode the outcomes of these types of intersubjective decisions.

Methods: Rats participated in an "Intersubjective Avoidance Test" (IAT) that tested rats' willingness to enter an innately aversive chamber to prevent another rat from getting shocked.

Recruitment and Retention for a Weight Loss Maintenance Trial Involving Weight Loss Prior to Randomization.

Objective: A weight loss maintenance trial involving weight loss prior to randomization is challenging to implement due to the potential for dropout and insufficient weight loss. We examined rates and correlates of non-initiation, dropout, and insufficient weight loss during a weight loss maintenance trial.

Methods: The MAINTAIN trial involved a 16-week weight loss program followed by randomization among participants losing at least 4 kg.