Anticoagulation with edoxaban in patients with long atrial high-rate episodes ≥24 h.

Background And Aims: Patients with long atrial high-rate episodes (AHREs) ≥24 h and stroke risk factors are often treated with anticoagulation for stroke prevention. Anticoagulation has never been compared with no anticoagulation in these patients.

Methods: This secondary pre-specified analysis of the Non-vitamin K antagonist Oral anticoagulants in patients with Atrial High-rate episodes (NOAH-AFNET 6) trial examined interactions between AHRE duration at baseline and anticoagulation with edoxaban compared with placebo in patients with AHRE and stroke risk factors.

Cardiovascular disease care and outcomes in West and South European countries.

Variations in cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden between West and South European countries are rarely reported. To address this knowledge gap, The Lancet Regional Health-Europe convened experts from a broad range of countries to assess the current state of knowledge of cardiovascular disease inequalities across Europe. This Review is specifically focused on West and South European countries.

Temporal Trends in Distal Symmetric Polyneuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes: The Fremantle Diabetes Study.

Context: Macrovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes have improved over recent decades. There are scant equivalent distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN) data.

Objective: This work aimed to characterize temporal changes in DSPN prevalence and incidence rates (IRs) in community-based Australians.

Five critical quality criteria for artificial intelligence-based prediction models.

To raise the quality of clinical artificial intelligence (AI) prediction modelling studies in the cardiovascular health domain and thereby improve their impact and relevancy, the editors for digital health, innovation, and quality standards of the European Heart Journal propose five minimal quality criteria for AI-based prediction model development and validation studies: complete reporting, carefully defined intended use of the model, rigorous validation, large enough sample size, and openness of code and software.

QoL, CIs, QALYs, and Individualized Rehabilitation: The Clinical and Practical Benefits of Regularly Assessing the Quality of Life of Adult Cochlear Implant Recipients.

This study aimed to report quality of life (QoL) scores in unilateral cochlear implant (CI) users and to generate guidance for clinicians on using QoL measures to individualize CI counselling and rehabilitation and to increase access to CIs as a mode of rehabilitation. Participants (n = 101) were unilateral CI users with single-sided deafness (SSD; n = 17), asymmetrical hearing loss (AHL; n = 26), or bilateral hearing loss (Uni; n = 58). Generic QoL was assessed via the Health Utilities Index (HUI-3), and disease-specific QoL was assessed via the Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing scale (SSQ12) and Nijmegen CI Questionnaire (NCIQ) at preimplantation and at 6 and 12 months of CI use.

OptiCogs: feasibility of a multicomponent intervention to rehabilitate people with cognitive impairment post-stroke.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Despite the prevalence and associated burden of cognitive impairment post-stroke, there is uncertainty regarding optimal cognitive rehabilitation for people post-stroke. This study aimed to assess whether a multicomponent intervention, called OptiCogs, is feasible, acceptable, and safe for people with cognitive impairment post-stroke.

Decision making in bone conduction and active middle ear implants - hearing outcomes and experiences over a 10-year period.

Objectives: To review the decision-making paradigm in the recommendations of BCI and aMEI overlapping candidacy for patients with conductive or mixed HL, and to determine if there are differences in hearing and quality of life outcomes between these implantable hearing devices.

Methods: Retrospective data from patients receiving BCI or aMEI in the past decade were analysed. Patients were grouped into: 1.

A retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of delirium in burn injury compared to other surgical specialities.

Background: Delirium is an acute cerebral disorder characterised by a disturbance in cognition, attention, and awareness. Often, it's undiagnosed and associated with increased morbidity and mortality. For burn patients, the reported prevalence ranges from 16% to 39%, with a multifactorial aetiology, increasing when intensive care is required.

Diffuse pulmonary meningotheliomatosis: a rare cause of multiple pulmonary nodules.

This case describes a woman in her 50s who presented with recurrent lower respiratory tract infections. She was an ex-smoker and had worked on a livestock farm for many years. Chest radiograph and CT of the chest revealed multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules.

Ethical Aspects of Physician Decision-Making for Deprescribing Among Older Adults With Dementia.

Importance: Physicians endorse deprescribing of risky or unnecessary medications for older adults (aged ≥65 years) with dementia, but there is a lack of information on what influences decisions to deprescribe in this population.

Objective: To understand how physicians make decisions to deprescribe for older adults with moderate dementia and ethical and pragmatic concerns influencing those decisions.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A cross-sectional national mailed survey study of a random sample of 3000 primary care physicians from the American Medical Association Physician Masterfile who care for older adults was conducted from January 15 to December 31, 2021.

Outcomes of completed quality activities in an Australian tertiary hospital, 2015-2019.

Quality activities including quality assurance and quality improvement are an integral part of safety and quality governance for hospitals. Previous studies identified that (i) majority are for quality assurance and knowledge-acquiring purposes and (ii) adherence to the quality cycle as well as impact on patient-related outcomes at the hospital level are unclear, neither associated with costs. This study aims to (i) assess adherence to the quality cycle for quality activities in a large Australian tertiary hospital; (ii) report outcomes of quality activities at the hospital level, including impact on patient-related outcomes measured by the occurrence of hospital-acquired complications; and (iii) estimate time and costs for data collection.

Application of bone cement directly to the implant in primary total knee arthroplasty. Short-term radiological and clinical follow-up of two different cementing techniques.

Purpose: This study aimed to optimize cement application techniques in fully cemented primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) by comparing the effects of two different approaches: cement on bone surface (CoB) versus cement on bone surface and implant surface (CoBaI) on the short-term presence of radiolucent lines (RLL) as indicators of potential complications.

Methods: In this monocentric study, a total of 379 fully cemented primary TKAs (318 patients) were included. The two study groups were differentiated by the technique of cement application: CoB group (cement applied only on bone surface) and CoBaI group (cement applied on both bone surface and implant surface).

Triangle of Trust in Cancer Care? The Physician, the Patient, and Artificial Intelligence Chatbot.

Trust, as a philosophic paradigm, is predominantly interpersonal, between human beings, and is differentiated from reliance. Can a person trust an inhumane amoral agent, such as a large language model artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot, to manifest the goodwill and willingness normally required in order for it to be deemed trustworthy? This article explores the relationship between the cancer patient, their physician, and AI chatbot in a proposed tripartite, consultative, personalized approach to shared-care in precision molecular oncology. It examines the nature of trust between human agents and machines.

The Impact of Patient Factors on Objective Cochlear Implant Verification Using Acoustic Cortical Auditory-Evoked Potentials.

Introduction: Hearing loss is a major global public health issue that negatively impacts quality of life, communication, cognition, social participation, and mental health. The cochlear implant (CI) is the most efficacious treatment for severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss. However, variability in outcomes remains high among CI users.

Evidence-Based Consensus Recommendations for Skin Care in Healthy, Full-Term Neonates in India.

Purpose: Neonatal skin care practices guided by personal experience and preferences might be substantially different across different hospital settings. The aim of this consensus recommendation is to provide clinical practice guidance to healthcare practitioners on evidence-based neonatal skin care practices from delivery-to-discharge, in hospital settings.

Patients And Methods: A Scientific Advisory Board meeting on "Evidence-based Neonatal Skin Care Practices and Protocols" was held in December 2020 with an expert panel comprising neonatologists, pediatricians, obstetricians and gynecologists and pediatric dermatologist.

Correction to: Protocol for Evaluation and Management of Hearing Loss After Meningitis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12070-022-03277-w.].

Economic burden of cardiovascular diseases in the European Union: a population-based cost study.

Background And Aims: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) impacts significantly health and social care systems as well as society through premature mortality and disability, with patients requiring care from relatives. Previous pan-European estimates of the economic burden of CVD are now outdated. This study aims to provide novel, up-to-date evidence on the economic burden across the 27 European Union (EU) countries in 2021.

Evaluation of the Performance of OTOPLAN-Based Cochlear Implant Electrode Array Selection: A Retrospective Study.

Otoplan is a surgical planning software designed to assist with cochlear implant surgery. One of its outputs is a recommendation of electrode array type based on imaging parameters. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the differences in auditory outcomes between patients who were implanted with arrays corresponding to those recommended by the Otoplan software versus those in which the array selection differed from the Otoplan recommendation.

Anticoagulation with Edoxaban in Patients with Atrial High-Rate Episodes.

Background: Device-detected atrial high-rate episodes (AHREs) are atrial arrhythmias detected by implanted cardiac devices. AHREs resemble atrial fibrillation but are rare and brief. Whether the occurrence of AHREs in patients without atrial fibrillation (as documented on a conventional electrocardiogram [ECG]) justifies the initiation of anticoagulants is not known.

Does previous endoscopic subureteric injection (STING) effect the outcomes of robot-assisted laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation surgery (RALUR) in children?

Background: There is lack of evidence on the success of robot-assisted laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation (RALUR) for the treatment of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) who had prior intervention.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of previous unsuccessful STING on the outcomes of RALUR in children.

Study Design: A total of 67 children treated with RALUR by a single surgeon for the treatment of VUR were scanned between February 2018 and April 2022.

Transglabellar resection of frontal sinus cholesterol granuloma extending cranially through cecum foramina: Technical note.

Background: Cholesterol granuloma (CG) commonly occurs in the petrous apex; their occurrence in the anterior cranial fossa CGs is rare. Subfrontal approaches are the conventional surgical approaches for the resection of midline lesions of the anterior cranial fossa and frontal sinuses. In this article, we describe a successful minimally invasive approach for resection of a small midline anterior cranial fossa CG.

Comparison of coronary artery calcium score and cardiovascular risk-stratification by European Society of Cardiology Guidelines and Steno Type 1 Risk Engine in statin-naïve adults with type 1 diabetes.

Background: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) is a marker of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, for patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), its relationship with T1D-specific cardiovascular (CV) risk-stratification tools is unknown.

Aims: Assess prevalence of CAC and evaluate relationship between CAC and T1D-specific CV risk-stratification methods in T1D.