Nevus lipomatosus superficialis: A series of six cases.

Nevus lipomatosus still imposes diagnostic, categorization, and etiologic challenges. Even though an intradermal adipose tissue is a histopathologic prerequisite, the lesions are clinically divided into classic multiple forms and a solitary variant, which some consider a separate so-called lipofibroma clinicopathologic entity. This further complicates the true prevalence, classification and etiopathogenesis of nevus lipomatosus.

Phyllodes Tumor of the Breast Complicated With Mastitis.

One of the rarest fibro-epithelial neoplasms of the breast during pregnancy is the phyllodes tumor (PT). It is typically a painless, bi-phasic, and rapidly growing neoplasm that resembles fibroadenomas. It is still unclear if the neoplasm is hormone-dependent during pregnancy.

ThinPrep liquid-based cytologic diagnosis of hepatic entomophthoromycosis (basidiobolomycosis) with Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon.

Zygomycotic fungal infections are increasingly recognized in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients in nonendemic countries because of the increased global travels. One of the emerging fungal infections is Entomophthorales which cause deep visceral infections that clinically and radiologically mimic malignancies because they form invasive obstructing masses. A quick diagnosis is life-saving.

Manifestation of Guillain-Barre Syndrome in a Case of Monkeypox Virus Infection: A Rare Case Report.

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is one of the rare zoonotic infections caused by orthopoxvirus. MPXV has recently been an evolving threat to public health with its contagious human-to-human transmission. Various presentations of MPXV infection have been reported ranging from generalised symptoms such as fever, chills, body aches, and swollen lymph nodes to dermatological presentations.

Effects of Different Anticoagulation Doses on Moderate-to-Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia With Hypoxemia.

Background COVID-19 is a prothrombotic disease that can cause thromboembolism and microthrombi, which could lead to multiorgan failure and death. Since COVID-19 is a relatively new disease, there are guidelines for anticoagulation dosing for COVID-19 patients without consensus on the dosing. We studied the effects of different doses of anticoagulation in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and hypoxemia on any differences in need for high-flow oxygen, mechanical ventilation, and mortality.

The burden of ischemic heart disease and the epidemiologic transition in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: 1990-2019.

It has been estimated that in the next decade, IHD prevalence, DALYs and deaths will increase more significantly in EMR than in any other region of the world. This study aims to provide a comprehensive description of the trends in the burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) across the countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) from 1990 to 2019. Data on IHD prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), mortality, DALYs attributable to risk factors, healthcare access and quality index (HAQ), and universal health coverage (UHC) were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database for EMR countries.

Challenging Diagnostic Dilemma: Mesenteric Desmoid Tumor Masquerading as Perforated Peritonitis.

Desmoid fibromatosis is a rare benign neoplasm of the soft tissue. Primary desmoid neoplasms rarely occur in the small bowel and are primarily found in patients with a previous abdominal surgery or irradiation history. They are challenging to diagnose at the time of presentation due to a lower incidence and their non-specific presentation making it difficult to distinguish from other intra-abdominal neoplasms, such as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), which may present with similar symptoms.

Isotretinoin as a Possible Cause for Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis: A Case Report.

A 39-year-old female patient who took isotretinoin for severe acne for around six months presented with severe upper abdominal pain, as well as abdominal distention. Initially, she was diagnosed with acute cholecystitis due to the presence of gallstones on ultrasound. However, additional imaging showed mural thickening of the bowel, for which she underwent further work-up.

The rheumatology workforce in the Arab countries: current status, challenges, opportunities, and future needs from an ArLAR cross-sectional survey.

The Arab League of Associations for Rheumatology (ArLAR) Research Group (ARCH) conducted this study to investigate the number of current practicing rheumatologists in the Arab countries, to estimate the projected number of rheumatologists in 10 years, and to evaluate the current workload, practice profile, consultation waiting time, and geographical mobilities of these rheumatologists. This cross-sectional survey study was conducted in 16 Arab countries in two parts. The first survey was addressed nominally to national societies to estimate the current and projected workforce.

Unraveling the Enigma: A Report on a Rare Case of Cutaneous Horn, an Extraordinary Dermatological Occurrence.

A cutaneous horn is a rare, hyperkeratotic, projecting lesion that can be mostly found in sun-exposed areas of the skin. The base of the lesions can reveal an underlying malignancy. They can also be associated with several benign or pre-malignant dermatologic conditions.

Real-world Safety and Effectiveness of Insulin Glargine 300 U/mL in Participants with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus During the Period of Ramadan in Four Countries (Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey): A Prospective Observational Study.

Aim: This non-interventional observational study aimed to describe the clinical outcomes of patients with T2DM treated with Gla-300 during the period of Ramadan.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients who decide to fast during the holy month of Ramadan face several challenges in achieving glycemic control without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia. Insulin glargine-300 (Gla-300) has well-established safety and efficacy in improving glycemic control in multiple randomized clinical trials (RCTs).

Pressure injury incidence and impact on patients treated with prone positioning for COVID-19 ARDS.

Objective: To determine the incidence of pressure injuries (PIs) and their impact on clinical outcomes in patients treated with prone positioning for COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Method: All patients with COVID-19 ARDS who were treated with prone positioning were categorised as cases and those who were not treated with prone positioning were categorised as controls. Demographics, clinical data and confounding variables affecting outcomes were recorded.

A TRANSCRIPTOMIC APPRECIATION OF CHILDHOOD MENINGOCOCCAL AND POLYMICROBIAL SEPSIS FROM A PRO-INFLAMMATORY AND TRAJECTORIAL PERSPECTIVE, A ROLE FOR VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A AND B MODULATION?

This study investigated the temporal dynamics of childhood sepsis by analyzing gene expression changes associated with proinflammatory processes. Five datasets, including four meningococcal sepsis shock (MSS) datasets (two temporal and two longitudinal) and one polymicrobial sepsis dataset, were selected to track temporal changes in gene expression. Hierarchical clustering revealed three temporal phases: early, intermediate, and late, providing a framework for understanding sepsis progression.

Multidisciplinary consensus recommendations for management of hepatocellular carcinoma in Middle East and North Africa region.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a growing health concern projected to cross over a million cases worldwide by 2025. HCC presents a significant burden of disease in Middle East and North African (MENA) countries due to a high prevalence of risk factors such as hepatitis C and B infections and rising incidence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In August 2022, an advisory meeting consisting of experts from 5 MENA countries was convened in an attempt to provide consensus recommendations on HCC screening, early diagnosis, current treatment modalities and unmet medical needs in the region.

Prevalence and Co-prevalence of Comorbidities among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the MENA Region: A Systematic Review.

Aim: The management of type 2 diabetes mellitus is affected by the presence of comorbidities. This meta-analysis aimed to determine how likely it is for individuals with type 2 diabetes in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region to be living with additional chronic health conditions.

Methods: We searched for studies published from January 2010 to December 2020 in the PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE®, Cochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.

Synovial Lipomatosis: Histopathologic Features in a Series of Five Cases.

Synovial lipomatosis is a controversial entity of uncommon intraarticular joint lesions. Most studies focused on radiological findings and surgical resection modalities. Pathologic findings were limited to case reports.

An Interesting Case of Hypothyroidism Associated Acute Kidney Injury.

Muscle involvement is common in hypothyroidism. However, hypothyroidism as a causal factor for severe rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury (AKI) is rarely reported. We report a case of a 56-year-old Arab male who presented with unexplained acute worsening of chronic kidney disease.

The Gulf Achievement of Cholesterol Targets in Out-Patients Study (GULF ACTION): Design, Rationale, and Preliminary Results.

Aim: To assess the current dyslipidemia management in the Arabian Gulf region by describing the demographics, study design, and preliminary results of out-patients who achieved low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals at the time of the survey.

Background: The Arabian Gulf population is at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease at younger ages. There is no up-to-date study regarding dyslipidemia management in this region, especially given the recent guideline-recommended LDL-C targets.

Pediatric peritoneal dialysis training program and its relationship to peritonitis: a study of the International Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Network.

Background: The guidelines for training of patients and caregivers to perform home peritoneal dialysis (PD) uniformly include recommendations pertaining to the prevention of peritonitis. The objective of this study conducted by the International Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Network (IPPN) was to investigate the training practices for pediatric PD and to evaluate the impact of these practices on the peritonitis and exit-site infection (ESI) rate.

Methods: A questionnaire regarding details of the PD program and training practices was distributed to IPPN member centers, while peritonitis and ESI rates were either derived from the IPPN registry or obtained directly from the centers.

Trends in the burden and determinants of hypertensive heart disease in the Eastern Mediterranean region, 1990-2019: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Background: Hypertensive heart disease (HHD), one of the end-organ damage consequences of hypertension, is an important public health issue worldwide. Data on the HHD burden in the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR) are scarce. We aimed to investigate the burden of HHD in the EMR, its member countries, and globally from 1990 to 2019.

Narrative Review of the Epidemiology of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries.

Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) are the most common healthcare-associated infections, with rates varying between countries. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among common HAP/VAP pathogens has been reported, and multidrug resistance (MDR) is of further concern across Middle Eastern countries. This narrative review summarizes the incidence and pathogens associated with HAP/VAP in hospitals across Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries.