CoronaVac-induced antibodies that facilitate Fc-mediated neutrophil phagocytosis track with COVID-19 disease resolution.

Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants raise concerns about decreased vaccine efficacy, vaccines continue to confer robust protection in humans, implying that immunity beyond neutralization contributes to vaccine efficacy. In addition to neutralization, antibodies can mediate various Fc-dependent effector functions, including antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), antibody-dependent neutrophil phagocytosis (ADNP) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). However, the specific role of each Fc-mediated effector function in contributing to COVID-19 disease attenuation in human remains unclear.

Single-Cell Multiomics Identifies Glycan Epitope LacNAc as a Potential Cell-Surface Effector Marker of Peripheral T Cells in Bladder Cancer Patients.

Cancer is a systemic disease continuously monitored and responded to by the human global immune system. Peripheral blood immune cells, integral to this surveillance, exhibit variable phenotypes during tumor progression. Glycosylation, as one of the most prevalent and significant post-translational modifications of proteins, plays a crucial role in immune system recognition and response.

Kanglaite alleviates lung squamous cell carcinoma through ferroptosis.

Kanglaite, a compound predominantly composed of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), has been employed in the clinical treatment of adenocarcinoma non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in China for decades. However, its therapeutic efficacy and specific mechanism in the treatment of squamous NSCLC remains unexplored. In this study, we demonstrate that the co-treatment with ferric ion significantly enhances the cytotoxic effects of kanglaite by inducing ferroptosis in NCL-H1703, a cell line of human lung squamous cell carcinoma.

The clinical significance of intraoperative lavage fluid culture during pancreaticoduodenectomy on organ/space surgical site infection.

Organ/space surgical site infection (SSI) are common after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). There is limited research on the clinical impact of intraoperative lavage fluid contamination in patients undergoing PD. One hundred five patients who underwent PD between August 2022 and July 2023 were retrospectively enrolled.

Integrative Lipid Pseudotargeted Metabolomics and Amino Acids Targeted Metabolomics Unravel the Therapeutic Mechanism of Rhizoma Paridis Saponins on Experimental Colitis of Damp-Heat Type.

Purpose: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a serious disease that affects the metabolism and inflammatory responses of human beings. From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, damp-heat syndrome is one of the main syndromes of IBD. Rhizoma Paridis, also known as the root of Paris polyphylla, a well-known herbal medicine used in China, is used to treat IBD with damp-heat syndrome (IBD-DH).

The first-in-human study of QHRD106 functioning as a safe and effective long-acting kallikrein drug potentially aiding ischemic stroke.

Background: This study assessed the pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD) and safety of QHRD106, and made a comparison with urinary kallindinogenase (UKN) in healthy volunteers.

Methods: This study comprised a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-dose escalation phase and an open-label, multiple-dose escalation phase. Ninety-four subjects received intramuscular injections of QHRD106/placebo only once and 30 subjects received QHRD106 four times.

A global lipid map of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection reveals glycerophospholipids as novel prognosis biomarkers.

Unlabelled: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a rapidly progressing infectious disease caused by a novel bunyavirus characterized by high fever, thrombocytopenia, and multiple organ damage. While lipids play an important role in viral infections, the specific alterations in lipid metabolism during SFTSV infection remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the global lipid metabolic profiles of SFTS patients with mild, severe, and fatal outcomes.

Favourable Prognosis of Patients With Untreated HBeAg-Negative Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection With HBsAg < 100 IU/mL.

Background: Serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) < 100 IU/mL has been recently proposed as one of the key criteria of 'partial cure' in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We analysed the clinical prognosis of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative untreated patients with HBsAg < 100 IU/mL and normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels.

Methods: Five hundred and twenty-one untreated patients with HBeAg negativity, HBsAg < 100 IU/mL and normal ALT levels were included from three hospitals.

KFeO-Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy of Breast Cancer via In Situ Synthesis of FeO and O.

Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) offers a promising minimally invasive treatment for breast cancer, but its efficacy is limited by the hostile tumor microenvironment (TME), including hypoxia and high glutathione (GSH) levels. Although various strategies to improve oxygen concentration or reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) resistance for enhanced PDT have been explored, they typically require intricate design and complex synthesis of multifunctional nanocarriers. Thus, this study introduces a facile KFeO-induced strategy to enhance PDT efficiency in breast cancer through the tumor in situ synthesis of FeO and O.

The Efficacy and Safety of Liraglutide in Patients Remaining Obese 6 Months after Metabolic Surgery.

Introduction: The safety and efficacy of liraglutide as a weight loss intervention in individuals who remain obese within 1 year post-metabolic surgery remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects and safety of liraglutide (1.8 mg) in patients with persistent obesity at 6 months postoperatively.

Gut microbiota alterations in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a comparison study with healthy control and congenital scoliosis.

Purpose: This study aims to compare the composition of GM isolated from individuals with AIS or congenital scoliosis (CS) and age-matched control (Ctr).

Methods: A total of 48 patients with AIS, 24 patients with CS, and 31 healthy individuals were recruited as the discovery cohort, and 9 pairs of siblings where one was affected by AIS were recruited as the validation cohort. The GM profile was determined with 16S rRNA sequencing, and the alpha-diversity and beta-diversity metrics were performed with Mothur.

CD73 alleviates osteoarthritis by maintaining anabolism and suppressing catabolism of chondrocytes extracellular matrix.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease, with articular cartilage degeneration as primary manifestation. Intra-articular injection of exogenous liposomal adenosine in mice knee has been shown to alleviate OA progression. However, the role of CD73, the rate-limiting enzyme of extracellular adenosine synthesis, in OA is still unknown.

Corrigendum: Activation of EphrinB2/EphB2 signaling in the spine cord alters glia-neuron interactions in mice with visceral hyperalgesia following maternal separation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.

Exosomes-mediated delivery of miR-486-3p alleviates neuroinflammation via SIRT2-mediated inhibition of mitophagy after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background: Neuroinflammation participates in the pathogenesis of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH); however, no effective treatments exist. MicroRNAs regulate several aspects of neuronal dysfunction. In a previous study, we found that exosomal miR-486-3p is involved in the pathophysiology of SAH.

Association of hepatitis B core antibody level and hepatitis B surface antigen clearance in HBeAg-negative patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Predicting hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) clearance is important for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients receiving pegylated interferon-alfa (Peg-IFN) therapy. We aimed to determine the predictive value of serum hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) for HBsAg clearance. A total of 189 HBeAg-negative CHB patients who received Peg-IFN based therapy were retrospectively included and classified into two groups: nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) add-on Peg-IFN group (add-on group,  = 94) and Peg-IFN combined with NAs or Peg-IFN monotherapy group (combination or monotherapy group,  = 95).

Exploration of the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture at chengshan acupoint on post-hemorrhoidectomy anal pain: Insights from the mAChRs/IP3-Ca-CaM signaling pathway.

Objective: In the context of postoperative anal pain, understanding the intricate mechanisms and effective interventions is paramount. This study investigates the role of Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors (mAChRs) and the IP3-Ca-CaM signaling pathway in a rat model of postoperative anal pain, exploring the potential analgesic effects of electroacupuncture.

Methods: Comprehensive approaches involving mechanical sensitivity assays, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and intracellular calcium concentration measurement were used.

Applications of plant-derived extracellular vesicles in medicine.

Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising therapeutic agents owing to their natural abundance, accessibility, and unique biological properties. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the therapeutic potential of plant-derived EVs and emphasizes their anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and tumor-inhibitory effects. Here, we discussed the advancements in isolation and purification techniques, such as ultracentrifugation and size-exclusion chromatography, which are critical for maintaining the functional integrity of these nanovesicles.