Comprehensive Clinical Characterization of Patients Diagnosed With Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background The term "cardiomyopathy" encompasses a wide range of diseases with various underlying causes. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by ventricular dilation and impaired cardiac function in the absence of congenital, valvular, hypertensive, or ischemic heart disease (IHD). This study was motivated by the high prevalence of underlying DCM and chronic heart failure, coupled with a lack of comprehensive information on DCM.

Comprehensive Clinical Profile and Hemodialysis Outcomes in Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can lead to serious conditions such as anemia and cardiovascular disease, posing a growing global health challenge. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) requires treatments such as dialysis or kidney transplantation. Despite the widespread impact and rising prevalence of CKD and ESRD, comprehensive data remains limited in India.

Cardio-Oncology's Modern Approaches to Prevent Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity: A Systematic Review.

Advances in the field of oncology have led to the advent of doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline chemotherapeutic agent, through which cancer survival rates have remarkably improved. There has, however, been a rise in adverse effects from the use of DOX, most notably cardiotoxicity. DOX-induced cardiotoxicity is thought to arise through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing mitochondrial dysfunction in the cardiomyocytes.

Bilateral TMJ Ankylosis with limited mouth opening in pediatric patients: An anesthetic challenge.

Restricted mouth opening is a challenging airway in pediatric patients with temperomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis. The fiber-optic bronchoscopic nasotracheal intubation technique continues to be the gold standard for difficult airway, among the techniques available such as submandibular intubation, retrograde intubation, and tracheostomy. However, awake fiber-optic bronchoscopy (FOB) is difficult to achieve in pediatric patients.

Effectiveness and Outcomes of Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation in Patients With Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background: Endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation in individuals experiencing acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with several complications. Therefore, utilizing noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is the suggested initial management for these individuals. The current study was done to assess and compare the clinical and physiological parameters before and after the application of NIPPV and also to evaluate the outcomes of NIPPV.

Examining the Backpack Weight Relative to Students' Body Weight Among Urban and Rural Schoolchildren: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Schoolbags or backpacks have been an essential part of the education system for a long time. However, a hefty backpack causes the child to arch the back excessively or bend their head and trunk forward to withstand the weight of the schoolbag. If the student carries the backpack on one shoulder, he/she bends to the opposite side to compensate for the extra weight, which may damage the shoulders and spine.

Sweet Surprises: An In-depth Systematic Review of Artificial Sweeteners and Their Association with Cerebrovascular Accidents.

Purpose Of Review: Artificial sweeteners have become increasingly popular in today's dietary trends as a healthier and sweeter alternative to sugar. As studies emerge regarding artificial sweeteners, concerns are arising about their side effects, particularly linking them to strokes. This systematic review aims to assess the relationship between artificial sweeteners (AS) and cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs).

Rosai-Dorfmann Disease: A Rare Disease Presenting as a Unilateral Neck Swelling.

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare histiocytic proliferative disorder of unknown etiology. Usually it presents with massive painless cervical lymph node enlargement. Histologically, it shows proliferation of distinctive histiocytic cells that demonstrate emperipolesis in the background of a mixed inflammatory infiltrates.

Comparison of the Glenoid Index by Computed Tomography With Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Introduction Anterior shoulder instability results in labral and osseous glenoid injuries. With a large osseous defect, there is a risk of recurrent dislocation of the joint, and therefore the patient has to undergo surgical correction. An MRI evaluation of the patient helps to assess the soft tissue injury.

Cutaneous angiosarcoma - Mimicking giant condyloma acuminata with molluscum-like satellite lesions.

Angiosarcoma (AS) is a rare malignant tumor of vascular or lymphatic epithelium, typically presenting as a bruise-like patch over the face or scalp in the seventh-ninth decades. Here, we report a case of cutaneous AS (cAS) in a 51-year-old male patient who presented with a cauliflower-like growth in the groin with skin-colored shiny flat-topped satellite papules in the surrounding areas, some of which were umbilicated. Based on examination, the patient was considered retro positive and the following differentials were considered: Buschke-Lowenstein tumor with giant molluscum, Kaposi sarcoma, and squamous cell carcinoma.

A Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Profile of Primary Extra Mammary Paget's Disease in Skin of Colour: A Case Series.

Extramammary Paget's disease is an intraepithelial neoplasm, usually found in areas rich in apocrine gland concentration. The clinical features, histopathology, immunohistochemistry and management details of five patients (F = 3, M = 2) have been described here. While a well-defined persistent plaque with crusting and erosion was the most common presentation, hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation and depigmentation were also observed in two patients.

Unlocking the Potential of Immunotherapy in Cardiovascular Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Applications and Future Directions.

Immunotherapy has emerged as a pioneering therapeutic approach that harnesses the immune system's abilities to combat diseases, particularly in the field of oncology where it has led to significant advancements. However, despite its significant impact in the field of oncology, the potential of immunotherapy in the context of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has not been thoroughly investigated. The purpose of this narrative review is to address the existing knowledge and potential uses of immunotherapy in the field of cardiovascular disease (CVD), with the intention of filling the existing gap in understanding.

Clinical and allelic heterogeneity in dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa- lessons from an Indian cohort.

Background: Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) is due to variation in the COL7A1 gene. The clinical phenotype and severity depends on the type of variation and domain of the affected protein.

Objectives: To characterize the spectrum of COL7A1 variations in a cohort of DEB patients from India, to correlate these findings with clinical phenotypes and to establish a genotype-phenotype correlation.

A comprehensive, bed-side scoring system to predict difficult lumbar puncture.

Background And Aims: Spinal anesthesia (SA) is the most widely practiced neuraxial anesthesia. Lumbar puncture (LP) at multiple levels and multiple attempts due to any reason may cause discomfort and even serious complications. Hence the study was conducted to evaluate the patient variables that can predict difficult LP thus allowing for the use of alternate techniques.

Therapeutic Development of Levosimendan in Acute and Advanced Heart Failure: A Systematic Review.

Levosimendan (LS) has been progressively used for the treatment of patients developing acute as well as chronic or advanced cardiac dysfunction. It has proven to be a better inotropic agent than its counterparts in terms of its ability to increase the cardiac output in an acutely or chronically decompensated heart without an increase in the myocardial oxygen demand. The purpose of this systematic review, which was carried out in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020, was to determine the efficacy and advantages of utilizing LS in patients with both acute and chronic heart failure.

DiGeorge Syndrome With Absence of Speech: A Rare Case.

DiGeorge syndrome (DGS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by a deletion or abnormality of a small piece of chromosome 22. This condition can affect multiple organs in the body, including the heart, thymus, and parathyroid glands. While speech and language difficulties are common in individuals with DGS, the complete absence of speech is a rare presentation.

Goldenhar Syndrome: An Atypical Presentation With Developmental and Speech Delay.

Goldenhar syndrome is a rare congenital disorder that affects the development of the craniofacial region, spine, and ears. It is characterized by a wide range of symptoms that can vary in severity and may include facial asymmetry, microtia or anotia, cleft lip or palate, vertebral anomalies, and eye abnormalities. Although the cause of Goldenhar syndrome is not fully understood, it is thought to be related to disruptions in the early embryonic development of the affected tissues.

Effect of Metformin on Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Factors Associated With It: A Meta-Analysis.

The current meta-analysis aims to explore the effect of metformin use on vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the factors associated with it. This meta-analysis followed the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched PubMed and EMBASE from January 1, 2010, to October 31, 2022, to collect the studies that reported the effect of metformin on the deficiency of vitamin B12 in patients with T2DM and the factors associated with it.