The subjectivity of objective evaluation of torsion on fundus photographs by practicing strabismologists.

Purpose: To assess the variability of assessing the ocular torsion on fundus photographs among strabismus surgeons.

Methods: This was a prospective, noninterventional, clinical trial involving 16 trained and experienced squint surgeons participated in the study. Two videos were prepared of a total of 10 fundus pictures with or without lines for disc foveal angle.

Flash visual evoked potentials in patients with periventricular leucomalacia in children less than 1 year of age.

Background And Aim: Children with periventricular leucomalacia (PVL) are known to have visual impairment of various forms starting from reduced vision, field defects, congnitive problems, and problems with hand eye coordination. There is very scant data/literature on the visual evoked potentials (VEPs) at an early age in children with PVL. We did a study to evaluate the flash visual evoked potentials (fVEPs) in children with PVL less than 1 year of age.

Pyomyositis of extraocular muscle: case series and review of the literature.

Pyomyositis is a primary acute bacterial infection usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Any skeletal muscle can be involved, but the thigh and trunk muscles are commonly affected. Only three cases of extraocular muscle (EOM) pyomyositis have been reported.

Measuring normal ocular torsion and its variation by fundus photography in children between 5-15 years of age.

Cycloposition has been measured by various methods; however, fundus photography is the most reliable method to evaluate the torsion objectively. We did a prospective study to find out the disc foveal angle (DFA) and its variation in children without squint. We included 210 eyes of 105 children between the ages of 5-15 years.