Understanding rural pharmacists' perspectives: lived experiences and insights associated with rural recruitment and retention.

Introduction: Pharmacists serve an important role in rural communities, and in some cases they may be the only health professional available. Their recruitment and retention is a major concern for rural communities and health services; however, a deeper understanding regarding the advantages and challenges of sustaining a rural pharmacy workforce is somewhat limited. The aim of this study was to develop a deeper understanding of pharmacists' perspectives about factors influencing pharmacist recruitment and retention to rural and remote communities.

The Pharmacy Community Apgar Questionnaire: a modified Delphi technique to develop a rural pharmacist recruitment and retention tool.

Introduction: An adequate healthcare workforce remains essential for the health of rural communities. Strategies to address rural health workforce challenges have often centred on the medical and nursing workforce; however, addressing the rural pharmacist workforce also remains critical as they are often the first point of contact for health advice. Initiatives have increased pharmacist supply; however, key issues such as poor attraction, recruitment, and retention to rural areas remain.

Experiences and opinions of multi-professional non-medical oncology prescribers on post-qualification training: a qualitative study.

Background: Within the UK, a non-medical prescriber is a non-medical healthcare professional who has undertaken post-registration training to gain prescribing rights. Lack of post-qualification NMP training has previously been identified as a barrier to the development of oncology non-medical prescribing practice.

Aim: To explore the experiences and opinions of multi-professional non-medical oncology prescribers on post-qualification training.

Understanding childhood injuries in rural areas: Using Rural Acute Hospital Data Register to address previous data deficiencies.

Objective: The state of childhood injury in rural areas of Victoria is poorly understood. Currently only data on those children transferred from smaller hospital settings to larger settings appear in existing government datasets, significantly underestimating the characteristics of injury.

Methods: Detailed emergency presentation data (Victorian Emergency Minimum Dataset [VEMD] and non-VEMD) that makes up the Rural Acute Hospital Data Register database was collected and compared among children (aged 0-14 years) who have a principal diagnosis of injury.

The data deficit for asthma emergency presentations might surprise you: how RAHDaR addresses the data chasm.

Introduction: National and state-based minimum data sets remain inadequate in providing a complete representation of emergency presentations, especially among paediatric asthma presentations. Thus, the aim of the study was to identify if a deficit exists in current emergency paediatric asthma hospital presentation datasets and how this may inform an understanding of childhood asthma in Victoria Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study examined emergency hospital presentation data between 1 February 2017 and 31 January 2019. All paediatric (0-14 years) emergency asthma presentation data were collected from nine hospitals in south-western Victoria, Australia, using the Rural Acute Hospital Data Register (RAHDaR), which gathers both Victorian Emergency Minimum Dataset (VEMD) data from larger government hospitals, and non-VEMD data from smaller, more rural institutions.

Communities of practice: A systematic review and meta-synthesis of what it means and how it really works among nursing students and novices.

Aims And Objectives: To evaluate the enablers, barriers and impact that communities of practice have on novice nurses and students learning to become registered nurses.

Background: Communities of practice have formed the basis for conceptualising the process of learning that occurs among groups of people within a place of work-a mainstay of healthcare practice. There is a dearth of literature that focuses specifically on the outcomes from student and novice engagement with existing communities of practice.

Is nursing student personality important for considering a rural career?

Purpose: Identifying and measuring personality traits assists to understanding professional career choices, however, what impact personality traits have on nursing student rural career choice remains absent. The purpose of this paper is to identify personality traits among nursing students that may be predictive of pursuing a rural career.

Design/methodology/approach: A cross-sectional design was used to examine the importance Bachelor of Nursing students place on undertaking rural careers.

Factors contributing to COPD hospitalisations from 2010 to 2015: Variation among rural and metropolitan Australians.

Introduction: Rural and remote populations experience the greatest burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the fifth leading cause of death in Australia. Currently there is a need to prioritise health services to improve health outcomes among those at higher risk of COPD.

Objectives: To investigate the differences in COPD hospitalisation between rural and urban populations and determine predictive factors contributing to COPD hospitalisation.

The treatment-related experiences of parents, children and young people with regular prescribed medication.

Background Taking regular medication has been shown to have an impact on the daily lives of patients and their families. Objective To explore the medication-related experiences of patients and their families when a child or young person is prescribed regular medication. Setting A specialist U.

Lived experiences and insights into the advantages important to rural recruitment and retention of general practitioners.

Introduction: Despite existing studies in this field, community factors behind recruiting and retaining rural general practitioners (GPs) are not fully understood. To address this issue, the Community Apgar Questionnaire (CAQ) was developed to extend the understanding of communities' assets and capabilities that impact GP recruitment and retention. However, more in-depth insights are vital to develop a comprehensive approach.

Correlation electron cyclotron emission diagnostic and improved calculation of turbulent temperature fluctuation levels on ASDEX Upgrade.

A newly upgraded correlation electron cyclotron emission (CECE) diagnostic has been installed on the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak and has begun to perform experimental measurements of electron temperature fluctuations. CECE diagnostics measure small amplitude electron temperature fluctuations by correlating closely spaced heterodyne radiometer channels. This upgrade expanded the system from six channels to thirty, allowing simultaneous measurement of fluctuation level radial profiles without repeat discharges, as well as opening up the possibility of measuring radial turbulent correlation lengths.

Children/young people taking long-term medication: a survey of community pharmacists' experiences in England.

Objectives: To determine whether community pharmacists undertake medication reviews with children/their carers and to identify the type of medication-related experiences presented to them when a child is taking long-term medication.

Methods: A 13 question semi-structured survey was posted to 354 England-based community pharmacists with telephone follow-up/repeat mailing of non-responders. Participants were asked about their practice as a community pharmacist over the preceding 12 months to children/young people, or their carers, taking long-term medication.

Low distress tolerance predicts heightened drug seeking and taking after extended abstinence from cocaine self-administration.

Distress tolerance (DT), defined as the ability to persist in goal-directed behavior while experiencing psychological distress, is associated with greater frequency of substance use and poor treatment outcomes. To examine a potential causal role substance use may play in DT, we developed a rodent model of DT in which rats had to press a lever within a continuously decreasing time window for reward while receiving negative feedback on failure trials. DT was defined as the time rats continued to seek reward before quitting the task.

Community assets and capabilities to recruit and retain GPs: the Community Apgar Questionnaire in rural Victoria.

Introduction: Rural communities continue to experience significant challenges recruiting and retaining physicians. The Community Apgar Questionnaire (CAQ) was developed in Idaho in the USA to comprehensively assess the characteristics associated with successful recruitment and retention of rural physicians. The CAQ has been utilised and validated across the USA; however, its value in rural Australia has not been examined.

Factors influencing community nursing roles and health service provision in rural areas: a review of literature.

Aims: This review sought to better understand the issues and challenges experienced by community nurses working in rural areas and how these factors shape their role.

Methods: Databases were searched to identify relevant studies, published between 1990 and 2015, that focussed on issues and challenges experienced by rural community nurses. Generic and grey literature relating to the subject was also searched.

Integrated and consumer-directed care: a necessary paradigm shift for rural chronic ill health.

Chronic ill health has recently emerged as the most important health issue on a global scale. Rural communities are disproportionally affected by chronic ill health. Many health systems are centred on the management of acute conditions and are often poorly equipped to deal with chronic ill health.

Moving forward with dignity: Exploring health awareness in an isolated Deaf community of Australia.

Background: Those within the Deaf community are disadvantaged in a number of aspects of day-to-day life including their access to health care. At times, they may encounter barriers to health care even before they reach the consultation room. As a consequence, they may receive insufficient and inappropriate health care which may lead to poorer health outcomes.

Satisfaction amid professional challenges: International medical graduates in rural Tasmania.

Background: At the time of recruitment, migration, and placement, international medical graduates (IMGs) encounter professional challenges. These challenges may include a loss of status and professional identity, professional isolation in rural practice, restrictions on medical practice, and social isolation. Understanding the nature of these challenges may facilitate the recruitment, placement, and success of international medical graduates within rural Tasmania.

Challenges of working and living in a new cultural environment: A snapshot of international medical graduates in rural Tasmania.

Objectives: To highlight the experiences and challenges of international medical graduates (IMGs) living and working in rural and remote Tasmania, and how this informs their acculturation and retention in the state.

Design: This paper reports the findings from the Tasmanian IMG questionnaire, which was administered both in hardcopy and online format to all known IMGs within the state. A total of 105 questionnaires were returned, representing a response rate of 30.

Social capital among migrating doctors: the "bridge" over troubled water.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the concept of social capital among International Medical Graduates (IMGs). It will specifically examine bridging social capital and greater intercultural communication which provides IMGs access to the wider community and plays a key role in cross-cultural adaptation and acculturation.

Design/methodology/approach: A review of the literature.

Biology undergraduates' misconceptions about genetic drift.

This study explores biology undergraduates' misconceptions about genetic drift. We use qualitative and quantitative methods to describe students' definitions, identify common misconceptions, and examine differences before and after instruction on genetic drift. We identify and describe five overarching categories that include 16 distinct misconceptions about genetic drift.

Clinical significance of medication reconciliation in children admitted to a UK pediatric hospital: observational study of neurosurgical patients.

Background: In December 2007, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence and the National Patient Safety Agency in the UK (NICE-NPSA) published guidance that recommends all adults admitted to hospital receive medication reconciliation, usually by pharmacy staff. A costing and report tool was provided indicating a resource requirement of 12.9 million pounds for England per year.

Misakinolide A is a marine macrolide that caps but does not sever filamentous actin.

We have investigated the biochemical properties of the marine natural product, misakinolide A, a 40-membered dimeric lactone macrolide that differs from swinholide A only in the size of the macrolide ring. Analytical ultracentrifugation and steady-state fluorescence experiments show that misakinolide A binds simultaneously to two actin subunits with virtually the same affinity as swinholide A, suggesting that the modification in the ring size does not change the actin-binding site. Sedimentation equilibrium experiments suggest that binding is independent at each binding site, with a Kd of approximately 50 nM.