Mandibular canine dimensions as an aid in gender estimation.

Background: All humans have an identity in life; compassionate societies require this identity to be recognized even after death.

Objectives: To measure the dimensions of the mandibular canine and assess the usefulness of the mandibular canine as an aid in gender estimation.

Materials And Methods: The study population comprised 200 subjects inclusive of 100 males and 100 females with an age range of 18-25 years.

Evaluation of transforming growth factor beta1 gene in oral submucous fibrosis induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by injections of areca nut and pan masala (commercial areca nut product) extracts.

Context: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a potentially malignant oral disorder causally linked to the habit of chewing arecanut. The pathogenesis of the disorder is multifactorial and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) is a prominent player in the induction of fibrosis. The alkaloids of the arecanut seem to target the TGF-beta and the deposition of collagen is predominantly mediated through this cytokine.

Sexual dimorphism in tooth morphometrics: An evaluation of the parameters.

Aims And Objectives: Sexual dimorphism refers to the variations in tooth size and shape between the sexes. The consistency of these variations is valuable in the identification of the sex of an individual in times of mass disaster when whole body parts get destroyed or are unavailable. There exist differences in the expression of these variables across races and regions.

Evaluation of the effect of three supplementary oral hygiene measures on salivary mutans streptococci levels in children: A randomized comparative clinical trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of tongue scraping, tongue brushing, and saturated saline on salivary MS levels.

Materials And Methods: A single-blinded, randomized, parallel group clinical trial was conducted in children aged 9-12 years. Total sample of 45 subjects were randomly assigned to three groups, that is, Group A, Group B, and Group C comprised of 15 each.

Assessment of cheiloscopy in sex determination using lysochrome - A preliminary study.

Introduction: The present study was undertaken with the objective of ascertaining whether latent lip prints generated by persistent lipsticks and developed using lysochrome dyes have the potential of use in sex determination and personal identification.

Materials And Methods: This study included a total of 100 subjects (50 males and 50 females) whose latent lip prints were obtained by applying the persistent lipstick Revlon ColorStay Overtime(®) manufactured by Revlon(®) consumer products corporation, NewYork, USA, and lifting the prints with cellophane sheets. The prints were then developed using lysochrome dyes, and all the samples were blinded and then graded based on defined patterns from the Suzuki and Tsuchihashi classification.

Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD): Rare Disease of Zoonotic Origin.

Kyasanur forest disease (KFD) is a rare tick borne zoonotic disease that causes acute febrile hemorrhagic illness in humans and monkeys especially in southern part of India. The disease is caused by highly pathogenic KFD virus (KFDV) which belongs to member of the genus Flavivirus and family Flaviviridae. The disease is transmitted to monkeys and humans by infective tick Haemaphysalisspinigera.

A Case of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Treated with Submerged Root Technique.

Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI), an autosomal dominant trait, is one of the most common hereditary disorders affecting both the formation and mineralization of dentin. Either or both primary and permanent dentition is affected by it. Here, we present a case report of a 13-year-old female patient affected with DGI who had undergone prosthetic rehabilitation with submerged root technique.

Hydatid cyst of the buccal mucosa: An unusual presentation.

Hydatid cyst is a parasitic cyst caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus that occurs primarily in sheep grazing areas worldwide. It is a chronic disease, and the cysts can be localized in unusual anatomical and geographic locations. It is known to affect the head and neck region.

A study to assess the periodontal status of 16-34-year-old obese individuals in colleges of Bangalore city.

Introduction: The prevalence of obesity has increased substantially over the past decades. Age, genetic factors, activity level, body weight, eating habits, medications, and hereditary factors are some of the causes of obesity. It is a risk factor for several chronic health conditions, as well as being associated with increased mortality.

Psammous desmo-osteoblastoma with concomitant aneurysmal bone cyst of mandible.

Juvenile psammomatoid ossifying fibroma is a gradually progressive, aggressive extragnathic craniofacial tumor of bone. Due to its complex histogenesis, biological behavior, histology, and classification, its nomenclature has always been the focus of debate among pathologists. Based on the clinical behavior and histology, the term psammous desmo-osteoblastoma (PDO) is an apt expression for this lesion.

Esthetic and biologic mode of reattaching incisor fracture fragment utilizing glass fiber post.

Trauma to the anterior teeth affects the esthetic and psychological well-being of the patient. Advancement in the adhesive dentistry has facilitated the restoration of the coronal tooth fractures by minimally invasive procedures when the original tooth fragment is available. Reattachment of fractured fragment offers immediate treatment with improved preponderant aesthetics and restoration of function.

Surgical Interventions in Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Systematic Analysis of the Literature.

Background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder of the oral cavity. The surgical management of this condition involves excision of the fibrotic bands and interpositional grafts to retain the increased oral opening. Various procedures and graft material have been utilised with differing success rates.

Transforming growth factor-β1 and TGF-β2 act synergistically in the fibrotic pathway in oral submucous fibrosis: An immunohistochemical observation.

Background And Objectives: Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSF) is a potentially malignant oral disorder which leads to fibrosis of the oral mucosa and has a high rate of malignant transformation. The consumption of various forms of areca nut is causatively linked to the condition. The constituents of areca nut activate several pro-fibrotic cytokines, chiefly transforming growth factor-β1, β2, which leads to an increased deposition and decreased degradation of extracellular matrix and collagen.

Amelogenin in odontogenic cysts and tumors: An immunohistochemical study.

Background: Amelogenins are the major enamel proteins that play a major role in the biomineralization and structural organization of enamel. Aberrations of enamel-related proteins are thought to be involved in oncogenesis of odontogenic epithelium. The expression of amelogenin is possibly an indicator of differentiation of epithelial cells in the odontogenic lesions.

Oral lichenoid lesions - a review and update.

Background: Oral lichenoid lesions or reactions (OLLs/OLRs) are clinical and histological contemporaries of the classical oral lichen planus (OLP) that have generated a lot of debate in literature. In contrast to the idiopathic nature of OLP, OLLs are often associated with a known identifiable inciting factor. A superficial examination of these lesions clinically and histologically often reveals many similarities with OLP, but recent data indicate that distinguishable features do exist and form the basis of most classifications.

Evaluation of postsurgical clinical outcomes with/without removal of pocket epithelium: A split mouth randomized trial.

Background: Periodontitis is bacteria-related chronic inflammatory condition characterized by pocket formation, loss of clinical attachment, gingival recession, mobility, and eventual loss of teeth. The purpose of this study was to clinically evaluate the need for elimination of the pocket epithelium during mucoperiosteal flap surgery aimed at reattachment or re-adaptation.

Materials And Methods: A split mouth design was done to compare modified Widman flap (MWF) with removal of the pocket epithelium and crevicular mucoperiosteal flap (CMF) without removing the pocket epithelium.

Comparison of Bond Strength of Brackets with Foil Mesh and Laser Structure Base using Light Cure Composite Resin: An in vitro Study.

Background And Objectives: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the bond strength of the laser-etched base bracket, site of bond failure, and evaluate for enamel remnants on the bracket base after debonding, when compared to foil mesh base bracket.

Materials And Methods: Sixty noncarious, human premolar extracted for the orthodontic treatment were used for this study. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups containing 30 teeth each, which were bonded with laser-etched base bracket and mesh base bracket using light cure resin.

A verruciform xanthoma of the lower lip and review of the differential diagnosis.

A careful examination of lips is often neglected by the members of the medical and dental professions; yet the lips reveal a heterogeneous group of lesions ranging from congenital abnormalities to benign and malignant neoplasms. Verruciform Xanthoma (VX) is an uncommon benign inflammatory mucocutaneous condition that occurs in the oral cavity which was first described by Shafer in 1971. It is often associated with pre-existing epithelial and/or inflammatory disorder and is characterized histopathologically by papillary epithelial hyperplasia and the presence of foamy macrophages in connective tissue papillae.

A novel technique for the management of blandin-nuhn mucocele: a case report.

Mucocele, a common benign cystic lesion of minor salivary gland and associated ducts develops following extravasation or retention of mucous material in the subepithelial tissue. Occurrence of mucocele of tongue is considered less frequent when compared to a higher incidence of mucocele in the lower lip of young patients. Different modalities of treatment, such as conventional surgical excision followed by newer techniques like cryosurgery, electrocautery have been proposed to completely remove the lesion and reduce the chances of recurrence.

Susuk - black magic exposed "white" by dental radiographs.

Susuk or charm needles are a facial cum body art widely practiced among women of Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, Thailand and Indonesia. These are small, needle-shaped metallic talismans inserted subcutaneously in different parts of the body. The concealed art of susuk was "exposed" by routine radiographic examination in the oral and maxillofacial region.

Estimation of copper in saliva and areca nut products and its correlation with histological grades of oral submucous fibrosis.

Background: The purpose of this study was to estimate the copper levels in saliva of patients with oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) and different areca nut products and its correlation with different histological grades of OSF.

Methods: The study comprised 60 individuals, 30 OSF patients and 30 non-OSF individuals. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected, and copper analysis was performed using colorimetric method.

A fatal case of rapid gingival enlargement: Case report with brief review.

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare extramedullary tumor composed of primitive granulocytic cells. These lesions are commonly associated with other hematologic disorders such as myeloid leukemia and other myeloproliferative neoplasms. Although extremely rare in the oral cavity, this lesion was reported in gingiva, palate, buccal mucosa and extraction sockets.

The effect of Remin Pro® on bleached enamel hardness: an in-vitro study.

Introduction: Remineralization as a treatment procedure has received a lot of attention both from clinicians as well as researchers. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of Remin Pro® on enamel microhardness after bleaching the teeth with McInnes bleaching agent using Vickers microhardness tester.

Materials And Methods: In this study, freshly extracted ten central incisors were taken which were subjected to baseline indentation by using Vickers microhardness indenter and then McInnes bleaching solution was applied for 5 min to demineralize these teeth.

Relationship between severe-early childhood caries, salivary mutans streptococci, and lactobacilli in preschool children of low socioeconomic status in Bengaluru city.

Aim: To find out the relationship between severe-early childhood caries (s-ECC) and salivary counts of mutans streptococci (MS) and lactobacillus (LB) in preschool children of low socioeconomic status.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed among 50 children aged 2-5 years selected from five Anganwadi centers in Bengaluru city. Clinical examination was carried out and caries status was recorded using the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria.

Association between maternal - child levels of salivary Mutans Streptococci and early childhood caries.

Background: To find out if there is an association between levels of salivary Mutans Streptococci (MS) of mothers and salivary MS and Caries experience of their Children.

Materials And Methods: A cross sectional study was designed among 180 mother-child pair attending Vanivilasa Children Hospital, Bangalore, India. Caries was diagnosed using WHO criteria.