Prognostic and predictive role of liquid biopsy in lung cancer patients.

Introduction: Lung cancer (LC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Approximately 80% of LC cases are of the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) type, and approximately two-thirds of these cases are diagnosed in advanced stages. Only systemic treatment methods can be applied to patients in the advanced stages when there is no chance of surgical treatment.

Prognostic value of diffuse cancer inflammation index (ALI), serum neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte (PLR) in advanced-stage lung cancer.

Introduction: Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer that causes death worldwide. Systemic inflammation has been shown to play a role in cancer etiopathogenesis and can be activated from oncogenic changes in cancer cells. In our study, the prognostic effects of inflammatory parameters calculated from serum were investigated in lung cancer.

Welder's lung and brain MRI findings in manganese-exposed welders.

Background: Biomarkers of manganese (Mn) exposure and manganism are poorly understood. Blood Mn levels are often used to assess exposure, while brain Mn accumulation may be demonstrated by pallidal hyperintensity at magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Mn-containing electrodes used in manual metal arc welding may be associated with the welder's lungs.

Long-Term Results of Total Hip Arthroplasty with Step-Cut Osteotomy in Crowe Type IV Dysplastic Hips.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term results of sub-trochanteric step-cut shortening osteotomy (SSCO) used in the total hip arthroplasty (THA) procedure for treatment of Crowe type IV dysplastic hips.

Materials And Methods: Crowe type IV dysplastic 35 hips of 31 patients were treated with cementless THA. Patients were followed up meanly 9.

EBUS versus EUS-B for diagnosing sarcoidosis: The International Sarcoidosis Assessment (ISA) randomized clinical trial.

Background And Objective: Endosonography with intrathoracic nodal sampling is proposed as the single test with the highest granuloma detection rate in suspected sarcoidosis stage I/II. However, most studies have been performed in limited geographical regions. Studies suggest that oesophageal endosonographic nodal sampling has higher diagnostic yield than endobronchial endosonographic nodal sampling, but a head-to-head comparison of both routes has never been performed.

Risk assessment and rate of readmission within 30 days of discharge after hospitalization for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Introduction: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) hospitalized for an exacerbation are at risk of early readmission for any reason within 30 days of discharge. Understanding the frequency and risk factors related to readmission can provide valuable input for the development of readmission reduction strategies. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency, specific risk factors and the cost analysis of early readmission for any reason within 30 days after discharge of the patients hospitalized for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).

The Effect of Abdominal Anatomy on the Measurement of Bone Mineral Density With Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effects of abdominal fat content and anatomical changes on the measurement of bone mineral density using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Materials And Methods: The bone mineral density measurements were performed with quantitative computed tomography for patients who underwent DXA and abdominal CT on the same day. The effects of abdominal fat content and anatomic changes on the results of DXA were assessed.

How to obtain adequate biopsy specımen in suspected thymic tumors.

Pathologic diagnosis of thymic tumors (TTs) can be made by surgical or nonsurgical procedures. About 20% of TTs had been diagnosed by pretreatment biopsy methods while the rest had gone to surgery for diagnosis and treatment. However, in the last two decades there was an increase in pretreatment procedures for optimal management of locally advanced or metastatic TTs.

EUS-B-FNA for Left Adrenal Lesions in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients: Report of Cases and Literature Review.

The left adrenal gland (LAG) is a common metastatic site in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. In practice, staging mainly relies on radiologic studies and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). Recently, a new technique using convex probe-endobronchial ultrasound (CP-EBUS) scope through the esophagus (EUS-B) has been introduced.

Risk of bleeding in patients undergoing pulmonary procedures on antiplatelet or anticoagulants: A systematic review.

As many as 25% of all patients undergoing invasive pulmonary procedures are receiving at least one antiplatelet or anticoagulant agent. For those undergoing elective procedures, the decision-making process is uncomplicated and the procedure may be postponed until the antiplatelet or anticoagulant agent may be safely held. However, many invasive pulmonary procedures are semi-elective or emergent in nature in which case a risk-benefit calculation and discussion occur between the provider and patient or surrogate decision-maker.

An international perspective on hospitalized patients with viral community-acquired pneumonia.

Background: Who should be tested for viruses in patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP), prevalence and risk factors for viral CAP are still debated. We evaluated the frequency of viral testing, virus prevalence, risk factors and treatment coverage with oseltamivir in patients admitted for CAP.

Methods: Secondary analysis of GLIMP, an international, multicenter, point-prevalence study of hospitalized adults with CAP.

Endobronchial Ablative Therapies.

Endobronchial ablative therapies, such as mechanical debulking, laser therapy, electrocautery, argon plasma coagulation, cryotherapy, brachytherapy, photodynamic therapy, microdebrider bronchoscopy, resector balloon deobstruction, and intratumoral chemotherapy, are performed through a rigid or flexible bronchoscope in palliating or curing symptomatic malignant and benign airway lesions to improve symptoms, quality of life, and survival. Technical factors together with patient- and lesion-specific features determine the therapy of choice, as each therapy is different in capacity, limitation, and complications. In this article, indications, contraindications, and complications of endobronchial ablative therapies as well as practical issues related to their rational and cost-effective use are reviewed.

Pulmonary tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis revealed by skin lesion in slaughterhouse worker.

A 46-year-old male patient who has worked as a butcher was admitted to the hospital with an unhealing wound on the dorsal side of his hand. Incisional biopsy was performed from the lesion and histopathological diagnosis revealed a granulomatous inflammatory process, compatible with tuberculosis. The patient was directed to the department of chest diseases for further investigation in terms of pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) infection.

Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Lobectomy for Pulmonary Malignant Melanoma Metastasis.

Malign melanoma (MM) develops as a result of malign transformation of the melanocytes and constitutes 2-4% of all skin cancers, while being the most common cause of mortality among all skin cancers. In addition to other organs, distant organ metastases also include lung metastasis. A metastasectomy is an acceptable treatment option in cases of malign melanoma with isolated lung metastasis.

Giant Cavernous Haemangioma of the Anterior Mediastinum.

Cavernous hemangiomas of the anterior mediastinum is rare. We present a case of a 56-year-old male patient with a giant cavernous hemangioma of the anterior mediastinum, 18 cm in diameters, approached by left posterolateral thoracotomy. To the best of our knowledge, such a unique case has not been previously presented in the literature.

Complications of Convex-Probe Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study.

Background: Infrequent serious complications of convex-probe endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) have been reported. The aim of this study was to assess serious complications related to convex-probe EBUS-TBNA and to determine the complication rate in a large group of subjects.

Methods: In this retrospective study, a 15-item questionnaire on features of cases with EBUS-TBNA complications was sent to experienced bronchoscopists performing convex-probe EBUS-TBNA at 3 pulmonary centers.

Species level identification and antifungal susceptibility of yeasts isolated from various clinical specimens and evaluation of Integral System Yeasts Plus.

It is essential to use easy, standard, cost-effective and accurate methods for identification and susceptibility testing of yeasts in routine practice. This study aimed to establish the species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of yeast isolates and also to evaluate the performance of the colorimetric and commercially available Integral System Yeasts Plus (ISYP). Yeast isolates (n=116) were identified by conventional methods and ISYP.

Molecular detection and identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and four clinically important nontuberculous mycobacterial species in smear-negative clinical samples by the genotype mycobacteria direct test.

Although the sensitivity and specificity of nucleic acid amplification assays are high with smear-positive samples, the sensitivity with smear-negative and extrapulmonary samples for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in suspicious tuberculosis cases still remains to be investigated. This study evaluates the performance of the GenoType Mycobacteria Direct (GTMD) test for rapid molecular detection and identification of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and four clinically important nontuberculous mycobacteria (M. avium, M.