Are the tribal highlanders protected from hypertension? A meta-analysis on prevalence of hypertension among high altitude tribal population of India.

Background: The so-called protected tribal population are also facing burden of noncommunicable diseases. The high altitude tribes are thought to be genetically and environmentally protected from hypertension (HTN) like diseases.

Objective: The objective is to estimate the prevalence of HTN among tribes residing at high altitudes (>6000 feet above sea level) of India.

A Systematic Review of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Background: Recently, severe manifestations associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) called multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) have been recognized. Analysis of studies for this novel syndrome is needed for a better understanding of effective management among affected children.

Methods: An extensive search strategy was conducted by combining the terms multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and coronavirus infection or using the term multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children in bibliographic electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL) and in preprint servers (BioRxiv.

COVID-19 and its Modes of Transmission.

The World Health Organization recognized SARS-CoV-2 as a public health concern and declared it as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Over 12 million people have been affected across several countries since it was first recognized. SARS-CoV-2 is thought to commonly spread via respiratory droplets formed while talking, coughing, and sneezing of an infected patient.

Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of 6635 COVID-19 Patients: a Pooled Analysis.

An unidentified pneumonia outbreak was first observed in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province, China, in December 2019. WHO officially named the disease, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), and declared it as pandemic on Mar 11, 2020. Globally, there are more than 3 million confirmed cases with nearly 200,000 deaths.

Syndrome of progressive deforming non-inflammatory arthritis of childhood: two patients of camptodactyly-arthropathy-coxa vara-pericarditis syndrome.

Camptodactyly-arthropathy-coxa vara-pericarditis (CACP) syndrome is a rare familial arthropathy of childhood, commonly misdiagnosed as juvenile idiopathic arthritis. It is characterized by non-inflammatory arthropathy, coxa vara deformity, and sterile pericarditis. We describe two children with CACP syndrome who were referred to the rheumatology clinic for the suspicion of inflammatory arthritis.

Phenotypic and molecular characterisation of Sporothrix globosa of diverse origin from India.

Sporotrichosis is one of the neglected tropical diseases causing subcutaneous chronic granulomatous lesion by thermally dimorphic fungi belonging to Sporothrix species. Sporothrix brasiliensis, Sporothrix mexicana and Sporothrix globosa are the common pathogenic species. In Asian countries, S.

H NMR-Based Metabolic Signatures in the Liver and Brain in a Rat Model of Hepatic Encephalopathy.

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a debilitating neuropsychiatric complication associated with acute and chronic liver failure. It is characterized by diverse symptoms with variable severity that includes cognitive and motor deficits. The aim of the study is to assess metabolic alterations in the brain and liver using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and subsequent multivariate analyses to characterize metabolic signatures associated with HE.

Atypical Neurological Manifestations of COVID-19.

The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), belonging to a group of RNA-enveloped viruses and believed to be transmitted by aerosol route, is a worldwide pandemic. Many studies have described typical clinical manifestations such as fever, cough, fatigue, diarrhea, and nasal congestion. However, to our knowledge, there are minimal studies on the neurological manifestations in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients.

Concerns of Frontline Doctors in India during COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

A rapid cross-sectional survey was conducted across India among frontline allopathic doctors to know their prime concerns. Four hundred and five responses were received from 16 states and 3 union territories. Among doctors working in COVID-dedicated hospitals, 56.

Clinical profile of patients with hyponatremia in a tertiary care hospital in the sub-Himalayan region.

Introduction: Hyponatremia, defined as a serum sodium concentration ([Na+]) <135 mEq/L. It is not a disease but rather a pathophysiologic process indicating disturbed water homeostasis. Hyponatremia should be further classified to provide directions for diagnosis and treatment.

Leukocyte adhesion defect: Where do we stand circa 2019?

Migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes from bloodstream to the site of inflammation is an important event required for surveillance of foreign antigens. This trafficking of leukocytes from bloodstream to the tissue occurs in several distinct steps and involves several adhesion molecules. Defect in adhesion of leukocytes to vascular endothelium affecting their subsequent migration to extravascular space gives rise to a group of rare primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) known as Leukocyte Adhesion Defects (LAD).

Is Single-Drug Prophylaxis in Migraine Prevention a Better Option than Combination Therapy? An Observational Study in a Rural Tertiary Care Center in North West India.

 Migraine is a primary headache disorder that has a great impact on quality of life of patients. Pharmacologic therapy may be given in acute or abortive form and in the form of preventive therapy. In what form is preventive therapy to be given? Whether monotherapy is to be used or combination therapy? In what cases does combination therapy fare better than monotherapy? These queries are still unanswered.

Pictorial Essay: Classic Signs in Pediatric Neuroradiology.

Background: A number of metaphorical imaging signs have been described in the radiology literature.

Objective: These signs not only make the learning process easier but also increase diagnostic confidence. For this reason, these signs are quite popular among radiologists.

Self-Expanding Metallic Stents (SEMS) in Inoperable Esophageal Cancer: A Prospective Analysis of Morbidity and Survival Outcomes.

Background: Palliative treatment for inoperable esophageal cancers by self-expanding metallic stents (SEMS) overcomes disease-related symptoms, preserves the quality of life, and prolongs survival. The aim of this study was to determine dysphagia relief, complications, and patient survival after SEMS in patients with inoperable esophageal cancer.

Methods: This is a hospital-based open cohort study conducted over 9 years between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2017, from the Sub-Himalayan region of the Indian subcontinent.

Inferior right hepatic vein on routine contrast-enhanced CT of the abdomen: prevalence and correlation with right hepatic vein size.

Aim: To determine the prevalence of the inferior right hepatic vein (IRHV) in patients undergoing routine contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of the abdomen and to compare it with the size of the right hepatic vein (RHV).

Materials And Methods: Two hundred and twenty-four consecutive patients who underwent routine CECT abdomen, with adequate venous opacification, were included in the study. The number and diameter of IRHVs and the diameter of the RHV was noted in each case.

Large Unrepaired Aortopulmonary Window Presenting in Adulthood.

Background: Aortopulmonary window is an uncommon congenital heart disease, with untreated cases not surviving beyond childhood. However, very rarely it can present in adult patients with features of pulmonary hypertension. Clinically these patients cannot be differentiated from other more common conditions with left to right shunt.

Comparison between 22G aspiration and 22G biopsy needles for EUS-guided sampling of pancreatic lesions: A meta-analysis.

Background And Objective: Robust data in favor of clear superiority of 22G fine-needle biopsy (FNB) over 22G FNA for an echoendoscopic-guided sampling of pancreatic masses are lacking. The objective of this study is to compare the diagnostic outcomes and sample adequacy of these two needles.

Materials And Methods: Computerized bibliographic search on the main databases was performed and restricted to only randomized controlled trials.

MAPKAPK2 plays a crucial role in the progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by regulating transcript stability.

Background: Head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma (HNSCC) ranks sixth among cancers worldwide. Though several molecular mechanisms of tumor initiation and progression of HNSCC are known, others remain unclear. Significance of p38/MAPKAPK2 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase-2) pathway in cell stress and inflammation is well established and its role in tumor development is being widely studied.