Knowledge, attitude, and practices of healthcare providers about perinatal depression in Himachal Pradesh-A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Perinatal depression is defined as depression occurring in a woman during pregnancy or within 12 months of delivery. It has been associated with many poor outcomes, including maternal, child, and family unit challenges. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of obstetricians and primary healthcare professionals so that the knowledge gap could be assessed and they could be educated regarding the screening and treatment/referral of patients with peripartum depression.

Costing of services under National Tuberculosis Elimination Program at public health facilities of northern India.

Background: Costing of resources helps to measure financial implications and effective utilization of resources of national programs. As there is limited evidence about cost per service, current study was done to assess the cost of services under National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP) at Community Health Centres (CHCs) and Primary Health Centres (PHCs) of northern state of India.

Material And Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in two districts and from each district eight CHCs and PHCs were randomly selected.

"Vasudaiva kutumbakam-one earth, one family, one future: "- India's mantra for a healthy and prosperous earth as the G20 leader.

India is a civilization, not just a country, nation, or government. Taking over the leadership of G20 by India, at a time when the world is battling pandemics, war, energy and climate crisis, and resource restriction is not just appropriately suited politico-economically but socio-culturally as well. COVID-19 proved that the unbelievably diverse world was too complex to be packed into a utopian hold-all one size fits all ideas.

Changing Trend in the Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Klebsiella Pneumonia Isolated From Endotracheal Aspirate Samples of ICU Patients of a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India.

Introduction Klebsiella pneumonia is one of the most prevalent bacteria that cause nosocomial infections, particularly in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Multi-drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDRKP) has become an urgent risk to public health as its prevalence has sharply surged around the globe in recent decades. Therefore, this research was conducted to evaluate shifts over a four-year period in drug susceptibility patterns among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients.

Rising CA-125 (Cancer Antigen 125) Levels: Cancer Recurrence or a Vaccine Reaction?

Cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) is a transmembrane glycoprotein, and it is known to be an essential biomarker in detecting treatment response and recurrence of ovarian cancer. It may also be used in monitoring colorectal cancer. It tends to rise in states of inflammation.

Almost a Near Miss: Hairy Cell Leukemia.

Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is an infrequently encountered chronic B-lymphocyte hematological malignancy, which is found to be more prevalent in males. HCL can present with a myriad of nonspecific symptoms involving the reticuloendothelial system. Usually, patients are diagnosed after an incidental finding of pancytopenia.

Risk of Childhood Obesity in Children With High Birth Weight in a Rural Cohort of Northern India.

Objective: To compare the risk of early childhood obesity (BMI z-score of ³+2SD) among children of more than 7 years of age with a birth weight of more than 3500 g to a birth weight of 2500-2999 g.

Methods: Retrospective birth cohort study among children of 7 to 10 years of age in 22 villages of Himachal Pradesh with not-exposed (birth weight: 2500 to 2999 g) and exposed (> 3500 g) group.

Results: A total of 379 and 377 participants were enrolled in not-exposed and exposed group, respectively.

Central dilemma in CSF pseudocyst - A case series and review of literature.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pseudocyst abdomen is a rare but well-described complication following ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt. This entity does exist since 1954. This is seen more commonly among pediatric population and cause of CSF pseudocyst is still debated, many theories been postulated in the literature and so are its management.

An Assessment of the Etiologies Associated With Acute Abdomen Subjected to Exploratory Laparotomy: A Study From a Rural Area of Himachal Pradesh.

Background The aim of this retrospective study is to establish a correlation between clinical features, surgical diagnosis, and the final diagnosis of laparotomies, as well as to establish the relationship between preoperative delay on the outcomes of surgery in the form of mortality and morbidity. Emergency surgery is high-risk in patients with acute abdomen with uncertain diagnosis. The results of surgery are remarkable and provide quick relief to the suffering and agony of patients with the dreadful condition of acute generalized peritonitis.

Diagnostic accuracy of urine based lipoarabinomannan point of care tuberculosis diagnostic test in HIV negative children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Tuberculosis is predicted to be a major undocumented cause of mortality in children. This systematic review with meta-analysis assessed the diagnostic accuracy of Lipoarabinomannan antigen testing (FujiLAM) in urine in HIV-negative children with TB-like signs and symptoms. PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane database and Google Scholar search engine were searched to identify relevant studies from earliest records to June 2022 without any language restriction.

Clinician's dilemma: Naproxen-induced liver injury.

Naproxen is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in pediatric population, used for mild-to-moderate pains, arthritis, and other immune-mediated disorders. It rarely causes clinically apparent liver injury in the adult population taking high doses of the drug over a prolonged period and is reported even rarer in pediatric population. We present a case of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in a 13-year-old girl taking naproxen in therapeutic doses for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

Training in public health and community medicine without training of precautionary principles is incomplete.

What has been the learning is from the current pandemic. Besides the fact that it taught us the immense potential of pandemics to lead to ruin, it also taught us about our limitations in dealing with it.

Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Origin in Pediatric Age Group: Recent Outbreaks and Approach to Management.

Acute hepatitis has always been a public health concern, but the recent clustering of cases in various parts of the world has drawn some special attention. The sudden rise in cases has mainly been among the pediatric population of around 35 countries around the world, including developed countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and European countries. The outbreaks have had a devastating impact, with around 10% of the affected patients developing liver failure.

Tobacco use and uncontrolled hypertension among Indian men: Insights from the National Family He alth Survey (NFHS-4), 2015-2016.

Background: Tobacco use is a modifiable risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases, of which hypertension is a major killer. Uncontrolled hypertension (UHT) is a major public health concern that exerts a financial and service burden on the health system.

Aim: The current analysis aimed to determine the association between tobacco use and UHT among Indian males.

Hypertension and its association with body mass index among the Indian population. Findings from a nationwide survey (NFHS-4), 2015-16.

Background: Globally, hypertension (HTN) and obesity are two cardinal causes of morbidity and mortality. The Asian population shows comorbidities associated with obesity at a much lower body mass index (BMI) than the western population.

Aim: The primary objective of the present study was to evaluate the association between BMI and HTN among the adult population.

Venous Thromboembolism in Pregnancy and IVC Filter: A Case Report.

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), composed of pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis, can be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality during pregnancy. Underlying factors like thrombophillias can potentiate this risk many folds. Depending on these risks and peripartum stage, the benefits of thromboprophylaxis can outweigh potential side effects.

Defensive Medicine in the Context of the Indian Health System.

Defensive medicine; although a recent concept, is slowly beginning to cement its place in the Indian health system. An interaction of multiple factors has paved way for this form of practice. Need for certainty of the diagnosis, lack of hierarchy in medical care, exponential growth of micro/super specializations and private/corporate health institutions, incentive-based practice, increasing incidences of violence against health personnel, rising trend of defamation suites against doctors, bad publicity by media, and interference by elected representatives have jeopardized the situation.

A multinational Delphi consensus to end the COVID-19 public health threat.

Despite notable scientific and medical advances, broader political, socioeconomic and behavioural factors continue to undercut the response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we convened, as part of this Delphi study, a diverse, multidisciplinary panel of 386 academic, health, non-governmental organization, government and other experts in COVID-19 response from 112 countries and territories to recommend specific actions to end this persistent global threat to public health. The panel developed a set of 41 consensus statements and 57 recommendations to governments, health systems, industry and other key stakeholders across six domains: communication; health systems; vaccination; prevention; treatment and care; and inequities.

Dexmedetomidine-Ketamine or Dexmedetomidine-Midazolam Nebulised Drug Combination as a Premedicant in Children: A Randomised Clinical Trial.

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of 2 low-dose nebulised drug combinations of dexmedetomidine-ketamine and dexmedetomidine-midazolam as a premedication in children scheduled for surgery under general anaesthesia.

Methods: Sixty children classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I, aged between 3 and 10, listed to undergo elective surgeries under general anaesthesia were enrolled in this prospective, randomised, and double-blind trial. Patients were randomly allocated to receive nebulised premedication approximately 30 minutes before the induction of anaesthesia.

Aquagenic Wrinkling of the Palms: Response to Topical Tacrolimus.

Aquagenic wrinkling of the palms (AWoP) is a rare dermatosis of significant psychosocial embarrassment and missed employment opportunities. It is characterized by development of translucent papules and wrinkling of the palms and rarely of soles shortly after immersion in water. Associated burning pain or pruritus of variable intensity is often distressing.

Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease: A Single Centre Retrospective Study of 403 New Cases and Brief Review of Relevant Indian Literature to Understand Clinical, Epidemiological, and Virological Attributes of a Long-Lasting Indian Epidemic.

Background: There have been sporadic and periodic large-scale epidemics of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) with cases at risk for significant morbidity and mortality particularly in Southeast Asia since 1997 and in India since early 2003.

Method: We retrospectively studied 403 cases recorded from 2009 to 2019 and reviewed relevant Indian literature published between 2004 and 2019 to understand clinical, epidemiological, and virological attributes of this long-lasting Indian epidemic.

Result: There were 96.

Study Protocol: IMPETUS: Implementing a Uniform Stroke Care Pathway in Medical Colleges of India: IMPETUS .

Introduction: In India, a national program for stroke (national programme for the control of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and stroke) and stroke management guidelines exist. Its successful implementation would need an organized system of stroke care in practice. However, many challenges exist including lack of awareness, prehospital notification systems, stroke ready hospitals, infrastructural weaknesses, and rehabilitation.

Clinico-Epidemiologic Attributes of 515 Persons Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome on Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Centre of North India.

Objectives: To study the clinico-epidemiologic attributes of persons living with HIV/AIDS on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Methods: Clinico-epidemiological details, CD4 counts, previous illness and mucocutaneous diseases were studied in 515 persons living with HIV/AIDS on HAART.

Results: The study comprised 250 (48.