The PERFORMANCE II Trial: A Prospective Multicenter Investigation of a Novel Carotid Stent System.

Background: Several randomized clinical trials have shown that the composite endpoint of death, stroke, and myocardial infarction (MI) is equivalent between carotid artery stenting and carotid endarterectomy. However, the risk of minor stroke has been consistently higher with carotid artery stenting.

Objectives: The authors sought to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a novel carotid stent system comprised of a stent, an adjustable integrated embolic filter and a postdilation balloon, in patients at elevated risk for adverse events from carotid endarterectomy.

TBK1 Targeting Is Identified as a Therapeutic Strategy to Enhance CAR T-Cell Efficacy Using Patient-Derived Organotypic Tumor Spheroids.

Novel therapeutic strategies are needed to improve the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells as a treatment of solid tumors. Multiple tumor microenvironmental factors are thought to contribute to resistance to CAR T-cell therapy in solid tumors, and appropriate model systems to identify and examine these factors using clinically relevant biospecimens are limited. In this study, we examined the activity of B7-H3-directed CAR T cells (B7-H3.

The cGAS-STING, p38 MAPK, and p53 pathways link genome instability to accelerated cellular senescence in ATM-deficient murine lung fibroblasts.

Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a pleiotropic genome instability syndrome resulting from the loss of the homeostatic protein kinase ATM. The complex phenotype of A-T includes progressive cerebellar degeneration, immunodeficiency, gonadal atrophy, interstitial lung disease, cancer predisposition, endocrine abnormalities, chromosomal instability, radiosensitivity, and segmental premature aging. Cultured skin fibroblasts from A-T patients exhibit premature senescence, highlighting the association between genome instability, cellular senescence, and aging.

Multi-Planar Cervical Motion Dataset: IMU Measurements and Goniometer.

This data descriptor presents a comprehensive and replicable dataset and method for calculating the cervical range of motion (CROM) utilizing quaternion-based orientation analysis from Delsys inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors. This study was conducted with 14 participants and analyzed 504 cervical movements in the Sagittal, Frontal and Horizontal planes. Validated against a Universal Goniometer and tested for reliability and reproducibility.

Broad repression of DNA repair genes in senescent cells identified by integration of transcriptomic data.

Cellular senescence plays a significant role in tissue aging. Senescent cells, which resist apoptosis while remaining metabolically active, generate endogenous DNA-damaging agents, primarily reactive oxygen species. Efficient DNA repair is therefore crucial in these cells, especially when they undergo senescence escape, resuming DNA replication and cellular proliferation.

Co-occurrence of arsenic and sewage pollutants in surface and groundwater and its implications for water treatment using membrane technology.

Arsenic (As) enrichment in groundwater stems from natural and hydrogeochemical factors, leading to geological contamination. Groundwater and surface water are interconnected, allowing As migration and surface water contamination. The As contamination poses health risks through contaminated water consumption.

Exploring the Effectiveness of a Prenursing Introductory Course: Experiences of Culturally Diverse Nursing Students.

Greater ethnic and racial diversity in the nursing profession is needed to reduce health care disparities and provide culturally competent health care to an increasingly diverse patient population. Prenursing preparation and early intervention programs have been developed to reduce attrition among culturally diverse students. A basic qualitative study was conducted to answer how culturally diverse students describe their experiences in a prenursing introductory course, part of a rigorous bachelor of nursing program at a historically Black university.

CXCL12 restricts tumor growth by suppressing the Ras, ERK1/2, c-Myc, and the immune checkpoint PD-L1 pathways.

Cytokines constitute a family of proteins that modulate the immune system and are secreted by many cells. CXCL12, along with its receptor CXCR4, are essential players in numerous processes. Dysregulation of their function underlie the mechanism(s) of several pathologies, including malignancies.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Factors Related to Outcomes in Depression Among Youth with HIV.

Purpose: This is a secondary analysis of a multi-site, cluster (site) randomized trial of the efficacy of a combined Health and Wellness Cognitive Behavior Therapy (H&W CBT) and medication management approach for depression in youth with HIV (YWH) compared to standard care. In this study, we explored the association between H&W CBT factors and depression outcomes after 24 weeks of treatment to discover treatment elements associated with symptom reduction.

Methods: Participants (12-24 years of age) were YWH in the United States (US) diagnosed with moderate to severe depression [Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS), Clinician-Rated score ≥ 11].

Enhancing cognitive function after traumatic brain injury in male mice: The benefits of running regardless of intervention timing.

The significant benefits of physical activity are well-documented in academic literature, with growing evidence highlighting its positive effects (among others) on memory and cognitive function. Exercise, particularly aerobic activities, has been shown to mitigate neuroinflammatory processes, promote neuronal regeneration, facilitate recovery from cerebral trauma, and reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Among neurological conditions, traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most common in individuals under 50, with 80-90 % of cases categorized as mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).

Performance of a Short Version of the Everyday Cognition Scale (ECog-12) to Detect Cognitive Impairment.

Background: The Everyday Cognition (ECog) 12-item scale, a functional decline measurement, can distinguish dementia from cognitively unimpaired (CU). Limited data compare ECog-12 performance by raters (self vs. informant) and scoring systems (average numeric vs.

Nucleic acid sensing in the central nervous system: Implications for neural circuit development, function, and degeneration.

Nucleic acids are a critical trigger for the innate immune response to infection, wherein pathogen-derived RNA and DNA are sensed by nucleic acid sensing receptors. This subsequently drives the production of type I interferon and other inflammatory cytokines to combat infection. While the system is designed such that these receptors should specifically recognize pathogen-derived nucleic acids, it is now clear that self-derived RNA and DNA can also stimulate these receptors to cause aberrant inflammation and autoimmune disease.

Induced collagen type-I secretion by hepatocytes of the melanoma liver metastasis is associated with a reduction in tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes.

Background: Overall patients with melanoma liver metastasis (MLiM) have a dismal prognosis and poor responses to the standard of care treatment. Understanding the role of the tumour microenvironment (TME) is critical for discovering better strategies to overcome intrinsic therapy resistance in MLiM. The aim was to understand the crosstalk signalling pathways between hepatocytes and metastatic melanoma cells in the TME of MLiM.

Coronary Plaque Radiomic Phenotypes Predict Fatal or Nonfatal Myocardial Infarction: Analysis of the SCOT-HEART Trial.

Background: Coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography-derived attenuation-based plaque burden assessments can identify patients at risk of myocardial infarction.

Objectives: This study sought to assess whether more detailed plaque morphology assessment using patient-based radiomic characterization could further enhance the identification of patients at risk of myocardial infarction during long-term follow-up.

Methods: Post hoc analysis of coronary CT angiography was performed within the SCOT-HEART (Scottish Computed Tomography of the HEART) clinical trial.

A short version of the Everyday Cognition scale can predict clinical progression and cognitive decline.

Background: The Everyday Cognition scale (ECog-39) scores are associated with future cognitive decline. We investigated whether the 12-item ECog (ECog-12), which is being collected in Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)4, can predict progression.

Methods: Baseline self (PT)- and study partner (SP)-ECog-12 data were extracted from the 39-item version collected in the ADNI.

The NEW Soul Study: Implementation and Evaluation Impact From the Secular Trend of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Context: In process evaluation research, secular trends refer to external factors unrelated to an intervention that impact implementation. The COVID-19 pandemic was a secular trend that affected the implementation of the Nutritious Eating with Soul (NEW Soul) study.

Objective: This paper describes steps taken in modifying intervention delivery due to the secular trend of the pandemic.