Management of diabetic dyslipidemia in Indians: Expert consensus statement from the Lipid Association of India.

In 2021 an estimated 74 million individuals had diabetes in India, almost all type 2 diabetes. More than half of patients with diabetes are estimated to be undiagnosed and more 90% have dyslipidemia that is associated with accelerated development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Patients of Indian descent with diabetes have multiple features that distinguish them from patients with diabetes in Western populations.

Perineal Massage for Prevention of Perineal Trauma and Episiotomy During Labor: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Vaginal births are associated with a certain degree of trauma to the genital tract, with significant short-term and long-term morbidity. Awareness of morbidity following perineal trauma has led to application of different interventions during the late first stage and second stage of labour to prevent severe perineal trauma. This includes techniques such as perineal massage, warm and cold compresses, and perineal management techniques.

Impact of Nested Vark (Visual, Auditory, Read, Kinesthetic) Strategies on Parental Attachment, Anxiety, Maternal and Fetal Outcome Among First Time Childbearing Couples: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

The transition to parenthood is not only a tremendous joy but also great stress to a mother (especially a primigravida) both physically and psychologically. The purpose of this research is to improve confidence in first-time childbearing couples, increase parental attachment, alleviate anxiety and promote the maternal and neonatal outcomes of delivery. In a randomized controlled trial design, simple randomization was utilized to enroll 300 first-time childbearing couples who have completed the 24 week of gestation (150 in control and experimental arms).

Novel management of internal root resorption with vertical root fracture using mineral trioxide aggregate - A case report.

Introduction: This case report presents the diagnosis and management of extensive internal root resorption (IRR) in a 17-year-old male patient, with a 9-year-old history of trauma.

Method: The affected tooth 21 was associated with vertical root fracture (VRF) and incomplete apex closure with a substantial loss of tooth structure, including dentin and cementum. Encouraged by a healthy periodontal condition, the choice was made to use mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) to reconstruct and reinforce the resorptive defect and the fractured segment.

Clinical Outcome of Nonsurgical Root Canal Treatment Using a Matched Single-Cone Obturation Technique with a Calcium Hydroxide-based Sealer: A Retrospective Analysis.

Introduction: The aim of this retrospective study was to estimate the outcome of nonsurgical root canal treatment using matched single-cones with a calcium hydroxide-based sealer and to identify the various prognostic factors influencing the outcome.

Methods: This was a retrospective study that enrolled 272 patients who underwent routine endodontic therapy and were obturated with matched single-cones and Sealapex as sealer. This study involved 223 patients with 261 teeth meeting the selection criteria and recalled between 24 and 84 months.

Hirata's disease (insulin autoimmune syndrome) following envenomation by a common krait.

Snakebite envenomation is known to cause local as well as systemic haematological, myotoxic and neurological effects. Adverse effects on the endocrine system following envenomation are rarely reported. Hirata's disease, also known as insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is a rare disorder that causes hypoglycaemia due to excessive production of insulin autoantibodies.

A Comparison on Efficiency and Aerosol Generation between "Modified and Conventional Technique of Bracket Bonding".

Introduction: The novel COVID-19 which spread's primarily through oral and nasal passage poses a major threat of spread during dental treatments. It is important for dental practitioners to use minimal aerosol techniques. The aim of this study is to compare the time taken, efficiency and aerosol generated between modified and conventional technique (CT) of bracket bonding.

Impaired pancreatic beta-cell function after a single dose of oral iron: A before-and-after (pre-post) study.

Background: Although in vitro and animal studies have shown that iron loading in pancreatic beta cells impairs insulin secretion, no human studies have documented the acute effects of oral iron on beta-cell insulin secretory capacity. In the present study, we determined beta-cell insulin secretory capacity at baseline and after a single oral dose of iron (ferrous sulphate, 120 mg elemental iron) in healthy male individuals.

Methods: Fifteen healthy male volunteers underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to document baseline glucose tolerance and insulin secretion kinetics (baseline OGTT).

Significance of Fluorescent Spectroscopy in Screening Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Cancer by Characterization of Salivary DNA Using Ethidium Bromide-A Comparative Study.

Sangeetha Ramamoorthy  Optical diagnosis is one of the upcoming methods in screening and diagnosing oral cancer at the earlier stage. Currently, DNA-based diagnosis is used along with light-based imaging methods to diagnose oral cancer rapidly.  The aim of this study was to discriminate oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders from normal patient with fluorescence spectroscopic characterization of salivary DNA using ethidium bromide dye.

Siddha Self-Inquiry for Flow, Bliss, and Uvagai: Mindfulness for Intuitive Lifestyle in Complex Cardiac Disease.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mental health disorders contribute to significant healthcare expenses. Lifestyle approaches that empower and enable patients to participate in their recovery are needed with the increasing complexity of cardiac patients. Traditional Tamil medical practice of Siddha self-inquiry meditation targets holistic health through intuitive lifestyle transformation.

Efficacy of Platelet Rich Plasma and Platelet Rich Fibrin for Direct Pulp Capping in Adult Patients with Carious Pulp Exposure- A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Objective: This study evaluated the effectiveness of Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP), Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) as direct pulp capping materials in patients with carious pulp exposure using cone beam computed tomography.

Methods: This parallel, triple blinded, randomised trial was done on 30 permanent posterior teeth chosen as candidates for direct pulp capping based on stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria. The samples were allocated based on sequentially numbered opaque sealed envelope method into three groups: MTA, PRP and PRF for direct pulp capping.

Phytochemical and Biological Investigation of Indian Traditional Medicinal Plants for their Cytotoxicity and Hepatoprotective Potential.

Objective: This study aimed to select 16 medicinal plants based on their folklore remedy for treating various diseases like inflammation, cancer, etc., and scientifically validate their potency.

Methods: Five among them, namely Centella asiatica (CA), Myristica fragrans (MF), Trichosanthes palmata (TP), Woodfordia fruticosa (WF), and Curculigo orchioides (CO), were scientifically confirmed through the extraction and in-vitro cytotoxic and hepatoprotective evaluation.

Evidence for intensive LDL-C lowering for acute coronary syndrome: Recommendations from the Lipid Association of India.

Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have a high risk of subsequent adverse cardiovascular outcomes, particularly within the first 30 days. Although it is well documented that initiation of statin therapy in the setting of ACS improves short- and long-term cardiovascular outcomes, and achievement of lower levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) incrementally improves outcomes, many patients with ACS have persistent hypercholesterolemia after discharge from the hospital. This is a missed opportunity that prompted the Lipid Association of India to develop recommendations for earlier initiation of more aggressive LDL-C lowering treatment, particularly for patients of South Asian descent who are well-documented to have earlier onset of more aggressive atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Cannabinoids in rheumatology: Friend, foe or a bystander?

Objectives: Cannabinoids have gained popularity recently with special emphasis on their use for chronic pain. Although NICE guidelines advise against their usage for management of chronic pain, almost all rheumatologists encounter a few patients in their daily practice who either use them or are curious about them. We reviewed the mechanism of action of cannabinoids, current knowledge about their role in rheumatology and potential drug interactions with common drugs used in Rheumatology.

Larvicidal and histopathological efficacy of cinnamic acid analogues: a novel strategy to reduce the dengue vector competence.

: A novel strategy such as conjugation of amino, Schiff's bases, and thiadiazole moieties to the cinnamic acid nucleus has been adopted in this study to discover new molecules that target the dengue envelope protein (DENVE). : Among the different domains of dengue virus envelope protein (PDB ID 1OKE), we have selected a ligand-binding domain for our structure-based drug design. The designed compounds have also been docked against DENVE protein.

Evolution of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy as an Advanced Therapeutic Medicinal Product (ATMP)-An Indian Perspective.

Stem cells can be defined as the cells that have the capacity to both self-renew and give rise to differentiated cells. Under the right conditions and signals, depending on their origin and bio-plasticity, stem cells can differentiate into multiple cell lineages and develop into various mature cells. Stem cell therapy is a fast-developing branch of medicine that includes the most innovative regenerative therapies for the restoration of cell and tissue function in individuals with severe diseases.

Detection of second mesiobuccal canals in maxillary first molars of the Indian population - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to integrate the detection of second mesiobuccal (MB2) canals in maxillary first molars reported by different studies and methods on the Indian population.Methods This systematic review was conducted following Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) and PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Medline, LILACS, Science Direct, Clinicaltrials.

Disseminating medical literature and knowledge in India in the 1980s: the SMLRT story.

The informed netizen of today is in a state of information overload. With 785 million broadband subscribers and an urban and rural teledensity of 138% and 60%, respectively [1], India is already the second-largest online digital market. Today, in theory, medical journals and textbooks can be accessed by anyone, anytime, anywhere, and at affordable rates.

Evaluation of Hugo RAS System in Major Urologic Surgery: Our Initial Experience.

The Hugo RAS is a newly launched robotic system for clinical use. This article provides the initial experience of the authors using Hugo RAS in urologic procedures. Patients undergoing major urologic procedures, including nephrectomy and prostatectomy, were included in this prospective clinical trial.

Immunolocalization of CD1a expressing dendritic cells in sinonasal polyposis.

Sinonasal polyps are benign projections of edematous nasal mucosa lined by respiratory epithelium. Langerhans cells (LCs) belonging to the dendritic cell family located in respiratory epithelium are involved in antigen presentation and maintenance of local immunological homeostasis. This study aims to elucidate the morphology and distribution of CD1a positive LCs in normal nasal mucosa and compare the same with polypoid nasal mucosa by immunohistochemistry.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Diabetes, Hypertension and Other Non-Communicable Diseases in a Tribal Population in South India.

Introduction: The prevalence of non-communicable diseases is increasing in tribal areas of India owing to the development and adoption of modern lifestyle. This study was done to assess the prevalence and risk factors of obesity, diabetes and hypertension in a tribal area in South India.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among all men and women 40 years and above in ten randomly selected villages in three village panchayats located in a hilly area in Vellore district, Tamil Nadu.

Immunohistochemical biomarkers in oral submucous fibrosis: A scoping review.

Introduction: This scoping review was done to study the immunohistochemical biomarkers involved in the pathogenesis and malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), in literature published from 2010 to 2021.

Method: The protocol was adapted from the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer's Manual (2017), and reported according to the PRISMA guidelines for Scoping Reviews.

Results: Eighty-six studies included in this review reported 84 immunohistochemical (IHC) biomarkers in OSF: 10 epithelial markers, 28 connective tissue markers, 22 proliferative markers, and 24 other biomarkers that are transcription factors, cancer stem cell markers, cell signaling markers, proteins, and enzymes.