EAU Guidelines on Diagnosis and Conservative Management of Urolithiasis.

Context: Low-dose computed tomography (CT) has become the first choice for detection of ureteral calculi. Conservative observational management of renal stones is possible, although the availability of minimally invasive treatment often leads to active treatment. Acute renal colic due to ureteral stone obstruction is an emergency that requires immediate pain management.

Super-mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy (SMP): a new concept in technique and instrumentation.

Objective: To present a novel miniature endoscopic system designed to improve the safety and efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotomy, named the 'super-mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy' (SMP).

Patients And Methods: The endoscopic system consists of a 7-F nephroscope with enhanced irrigation and a modified 10-14 F access sheath with a suction-evacuation function. This system was tested in patients with renal stones of <2.

Low- versus high-flow oxygen delivery systems in children with lower respiratory infection.

Background: Delivery of supplemental oxygen is the initial vital management of hypoxemic acute lower respiratory infection (HALRI). Oxygen delivery systems include low-flow and high-flow devices. In high-flow devices such as the Venturi mask, a constant mixture of oxygen is delivered.

First-line Bismuth-containing Five-day Concomitant Quintuple Therapy for Helicobacter Pylori Eradication.

Background: Widespread use of antibiotics has resulted in increased rates of antibiotic resistance and decreased rates of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication, leading to a search for newer therapeutic options. This study aimed to examine the efficacy, tolerability, and patient compliance of a first-line bismuth-containing 5-day concomitant quintuple therapy.

Relation of stem cell markers ALDH1 and CD44 with clinicopathological factors in urothelial carcinomas of urinary bladder.

Molecular studies are ongoing in regards to superficial urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) either to define targeted therapy or to better select aggressive therapy candidates and also to delineate the outcome of the disease. In this study, we aimed to present the impact of ALDH1 and CD44 as stem cell markers in tumorigenesis and their prognostic value in urothelial carcinoma. We investigated ALDH1 and CD44 immunohistochemically in paraffin-embedded material of 125 non-muscle-invasive (NMI) cases in 163 UCB patients.

Limitation of apoptotic changes and crystal deposition by Tutukon following hyperoxaluria-induced tubular cell injury in rat model.

This study aimed at evaluating the protective effects of a herbal medication (Tutukon) on the hyperoxaluria induced apoptotic changes and crystal deposition in renal tubular epithelium in rat model. 60 male wistar rats were divided into three different groups (each group n: 20). In Group I severe hyperoxaluria was induced by ethylene glycol (EG) (0.

Sequential therapy versus standard triple therapy in Helicobacter pylori eradication in a high clarithromycin resistance setting.

Sequential treatment scheme has been developed to overcome resistance problem in H. pylori eradication and favorable results have been obtained. This study compared the results of standard triple therapy with a sequential schema consisting of pantoprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and metronidazole in a high anti-microbial resistance setting.

Evaluation of soluble CD14 subtype (presepsin) in burn sepsis.

Background: Diagnosing sepsis is difficult in burn patients because of the inflammatory mediators that alter postburn metabolic profile. Here, we compare a new marker presepsin with procalcitonin (PCT), c-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) in diagnosis and follow up of sepsis in burn patients.

Methods: Patients admitted to burn center of our institute were prospectively investigated.

Association between human papillomavirus and endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Several studies have suggested a possible role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the pathogenesis of endometrial carcinoma. The aim of the study was to investigate the presence of HPV DNA in endometrium cancers and nonneoplastic endometrium. Sixty endometrial adenocarcinomas with and without squamous differentiation and the nonneoplastic endometrium tissue of fifty-six of the same patients were analyzed for the presence of family 16 and family 6 HPV DNA by using chromogenic in situ hybridization technique on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded archival samples, and the results were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction method.

Applications of triangular glanular flap in hypospadias repairs for different purposes.

Hypospadias is a congenital anomaly of the penis with an ectopic, ventrally-placed meatus due to insufficient development of the anterior urethra. Tubularisation of glanular flaps without plate incision is performed with addition of a triangular flap in order to move the meatus more distally and avoid meatal stenosis. Subcoronally, mid-shaft, and coronally placed 41 hypospadias cases were treated with the tubularisation of the glanular flaps without incision of the urethral plate, a technique similar to TIP technique.

Asymptomatic brain lesions on cranial magnetic resonance imaging in inflammatory bowel disease.

Background/aims: This study aimed to examine the frequency and type of asymptomatic neurological involvement in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Fifty-one IBD patients with no known neurological diseases or symptoms and 30 controls with unspecified headaches without neurological origins were included. Patients and controls underwent cranial MRI assessments for white matter lesions, sinusitis, otitis-mastoiditis, and other brain parenchymal findings.

The effects of timing of aneurysm surgery on vasospasm and mortality in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the effects of early and late surgery on postoperative vasospasm and mortality in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Methods: The data of patients with SAH who underwent aneurysmal clipping at the Kartal Training and Research Hospital between 1999 and 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients who underwent early (0-3 days) and late surgery (> or = 4 days) were evaluated as two groups.

Early and delayed CT findings in patients with mild-to-moderate head trauma.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes between the initial and late cranial CT scans in patients with mild-to-moderate head trauma. MATERIAL and

Methods: Of the two thousand six hundred and forty-four patients hospitalized for head trauma within a two-year period, 112 (4.24%) patients scored 8 or above in the Glasgow coma scale and there were changes between initial and late head CT.

One-stage surgery through posterior approach-for L5-S1 spondyloptosis.

Grade 5 spondylolisthesis or spondyloptosis is a rare condition. Generally, the surgical management of spondyloptosis includes multi-staged procedures instead of one-staged procedures. One-stage treatment for spondyloptosis is very rare.

Analgesic efficacy of forced coughing versus local anesthesia during cervical punch biopsy.

Background/aims: To compare local anesthesia and forced coughing in terms of subjective pain perception during cervical punch biopsy.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 114 patients (mean age: 38.9 ± 9.

The relation between surgical cleavage and preoperative neuroradiological findings in intracranial meningiomas.

Background: Meningiomas are generally benign masses, and in many cases they do not invade the brain. Therefore their potential to provide cures is high. The most important cause of the development of recurrence in the post-operative period is subtotal resection.

Translation and cultural adaptation of health utilities index with application to pediatric oncology patients during neutropenia and recovery in Turkey.

Background: This is a report on the translation and cultural adaptation from English to Turkish languages of a standard HEALTH UTILITIES INDEX® (HUI®) questionnaire for interviewer-administration and proxy assessment of patients' health status, and its use for assessing 50 consecutive pediatric oncology patients during periods of and subsequent recovery from neutropenia.

Procedure: Preparation of the Turkish-language questionnaire was a collaborative effort by physician-researchers in Turkey, senior Health Utilities, Inc. staff with extensive experience in the development and translation of HUI questionnaires, and Turkish-born residents of Canada.

Comparative study of a barbed suture, poliglecaprone and stapler in Pfannenstiel incisions performed for benign gynecological procedures: a randomized trial.

Objective: To compare a novel barbed suture, poliglecaprone-25 suture and stapler in Pfannenstiel incisions performed for benign gynecological procedures.

Design: A randomized controlled non-inferiority trial with randomization in a 1:1:1 ratio.

Setting: Istanbul Dr.

Comparative study of Misgav-Ladach and Pfannenstiel-Kerr cesarean techniques: a randomized controlled trial.

Aim: To compare Pfannenstiel-Kerr (PKM) and Misgav-Ladach (MLM) methods in terms of operation-related features and neonatal outcome in primary cesarean deliveries.

Methods: A total of 180 pregnant women randomized into PKM (n = 90) or MLM (n = 90) groups were included in this study. Primary outcome measures were total operative and extraction times, Apgar score, blood loss, wound complications, and the suture use.

Awareness, knowledge and attitudes related to HPV infection and vaccine among non-obstetrician-gynecologist healthcare providers.

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the awareness, knowledge and attitudes of healthcare providers related to HPV infection and vaccine.

Material And Methods: A total of 311 healthcare providers working in specialties other than obstetrics and gynecology at the Dr. Lutfi Kırdar Kartal Education and Research Hospital as physicians (n=142) or non-physician healthcare providers (n=169) were included in the present study.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis in Turkish children.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disorder with diverse forms of clinical presentation ranging from a benign course to diffuse progressive disease, and descriptions of LCH generally have been limited to single case reports and small case series. Since the condition is uncommon, we aimed in this study to describe our own experience and discuss the findings, treatment and outcome in our patients with LCH in light of the current literature. The eight patients (5 boys, 3 girls) ranged in age from 2 months to 3 years (mean 18 +/- 10.

Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device insertion ameliorates leiomyoma-dependent menorrhagia among women of reproductive age without a significant regression in the uterine and leiomyoma volumes.

Levonorgestrel- (LNG) releasing intrauterine device (IUD) insertion revealed significant reduction in visual bleeding scores and spotting with an increase in amenorrhea and uterine pulsatility index scores. LNG-IUD can be considered as a simple and effective alternative to surgical treatment in the management of leiomyoma-dependent menorrhagia of reproductive-age women.

Detection of human papillomavirus DNA by polymerase chain reaction and southern blot hybridization in colorectal cancer patients.

Purpose: The molecular mechanisms related to colorectal carcinogenesis are controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible role of high-risk oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) types in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer.

Patients And Methods: Tumor, and corresponding normal mucosal tissue specimens were obtained soon after surgery from 56 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Evaluation of the bony landmarks in transcondylar approach.

Background: The aim of this study is to define the anatomic landmarks which are necessary for transcondylar approach and to determine the importance of these structures during surgical resection.

Methods: 56 dry skulls were included in this study. Landmarks were detected.