Placement of 2 cages using navigation-guided biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: illustrative case.

Background: In recent developments, full endoscopic and unilateral biportal endoscopic (UBE) spine surgery have emerged to aid the transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) procedure. Yet, both approaches present a challenge due to limited space for cage insertion, potentially leading to complications such as cage subsidence or nonfusion in long-term assessments. Utilizing double cages may mitigate these concerns.

Presacral Tailgut Cyst.

A tailgut cyst is a rare benign polycystic congenital lesion in presacral or retrorectal space, when there is failure of involution of tailgut. Clinical presentation may be with or without symptoms of different types related to obstruction, infection, or rarely malignancy. Symptoms may be misleading and atypical, so understanding of characteristics of tailgut cysts is important for precise and early diagnosis to be made for proper treatment and to avoid complications and malignant transformation.

Correlation Between Renal Calculus Disease and Iliac Bone Thickness on a Single Non-contrast CT Scan.

Background Renal calculi remain a major economic and health burden worldwide and are considered a systemic disorder associated with multiple other diseases. Several studies have observed that patients with idiopathic calcium renal stones show a reduction in bone mass. This study aimed to evaluate bone mass reduction on a non-contrast CT scan study in a group of idiopathic calcium-containing renal calculus disease patients in comparison with subjects without renal calculus disease.

Chylous ascites in a case of henoch-schonlein purpura - A case report and literature review.

Chylous ascites is a rare form of ascites characterized by the accumulation of lymph fluid in the peritoneal cavity. Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) is a form of vasculitis usually seen in children affecting small vessels. Gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations of HSP are coming to the forefront as a presenting symptom.

Influence of HIV on in-hospital outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Background: The development of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) has markedly prolonged the life expectancy of individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The prevalence of age-related cardiovascular disease (CVD) and arrhythmias is therefore expected to increase among the HIV-positive population.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the trends in prevalence, and inpatient outcomes among patients with HIV and atrial fibrillation (AF).

Anemia control program in india needs to be more comprehensive.

Iron-deficiency anemia has continued to remain high in India. It is possibly due to relying on only iron-folic acid (IFA) supplementation through Anemia Control Program (ACP) that is National Iron Plus Initiative (NIPI). Based on the WHO's recommendations, we studied different interventions that can help to increase the effectiveness of NIPI such as Vitamin C supplementation with IFA, low-dose iron (LDI) with intensified health education (IHE), LDI with Vitamin C, and iron-rich food items to increase hemoglobin (Hb%) among adolescent girls through public-private partnership named Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram.

Comparison of Conventional Bipolar Electrocautery and Ultrasonic Harmonic Scalpel in Colorectal Cancer Surgeries.

Background and objective Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy and the second most deadly cancer worldwide. Powered equipment has transformed modern surgery, revolutionizing the delicacy, precision, and accuracy of many surgeries. The safety and efficacy of tissue dissection and artery sealing in colorectal surgery remain highly debatable.

Strategy to track double-J stents placed during COVID-19 using smartphone-based stent tracker application to prevent forgotten double-J stent in a high-volume centre: a smart solution.

Background: Forgotten or retained (double-J) DJ stents may lead to several complications. Management of retained DJ stents poses a challenge for urologists not just surgically but also medicolegally and adds to the economic burden of the patient. Difficulty in follow-up for patients due to the contagious nature of COVID-19 and several restrictions posed in the form of lockdown.

Unusual Locations of Pancreatic Pseudocysts in Lumbar Triangle, Psoas Muscle and Intercostal Space, and Obturator Externus.

Pancreatic pseudocyst develops as a complication of both acute and chronic pancreatitis. Although the common location of pseudocyst is lesser sac, extension of pseudocyst can occur into mesentery, retroperitoneum, inguinal region, scrotum, liver, spleen, mediastinum, pleura, and lung. Extension of pseudocyst into psoas muscle and lumbar triangle is extremely rare.

Post-traumatic Medial Meniscal Cyst in young: A case report.

Introduction: Meniscal cysts are rare, in that cysts of lateral meniscus are 3 times to 10 times more common than those of medial meniscus. Etiology of meniscal cysts includes trauma which results in contusion and haemorrage within the substance of meniscus leading to mucoid degeneration. Degeneration with age results in local necrosis and mucoid degeneration into a cyst, developmental inclusion of synovial cells within the substance of the meniscus and often are a result of extrusion of synovial fluid through a tear of the meniscus, resulting in a one-way valve effect of the tear.

'Ho-ver'ing Over Alopecia Areata: Histopathological Study of 50 Cases.

Background: Different studies have been done on this topic, most of the older studies on the vertical section confirm that peribulbar infiltrate is an important finding, however the newer studies on the horizontal section, mention decreased anagen to telogen ratio, decreased terminal to vellus hair ratio and a decreased follicular count. These studies on horizontal (transverse sections) have shown that transverse sectioning is superior and more diagnostic in studying alopecias. However, these studies are based on multiple cut sections, because in a single cut section, we may miss a few hair bulbs above or below, depending on where the section is taken.

The utility of periodic acid schiff with diastase and alcian blue stains on fine needle aspirates of breast and salivary gland neoplasms.

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is extensively used in the diagnosis of various clinically palpable lesions of breast and salivary glands. Much interest has been gained in mucosubstances produced in tumors arising from these organs.

Aims: To evaluate the utility of Periodic acid Schiff with diastase (PAS-D) and Alcian blue (AB) staining pattern on fine needle aspirates of breast and salivary gland neoplasms.

Skin as a marker of internal disease: a case of sarcoidosis.

A 52-year-old female presented to our out patient department with asymptomatic, hypopigmented lesions on the neck and back since 2 months. There was a history of taking antitubercular treatment for suspected pulmonary tuberculosis 2 years back. On blood investigations, the serum angiotensin converting enzyme levels were increased and the skin biopsy revealed a naked granuloma in the dermis.

Single stage reconstruction of ruptured tendoachilles tendon with skin cover using distally based superficial sural artery flap.

Ruptured tendoachilles along with skin defect is a complex problem to reconstruct. Both things require a priority. Single stage reconstruction of ruptured tendoachilles tendon with skin cover using distally based superficial sural arterial flap allows us to perform both.