Risk Factors for Drug Resistance in Epileptic Children with Age of Onset above Five Years: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Children with epilepsy with onset above five years encompass distinct epidemiological and clinical characteristics that may have specific risk factors for resistance to antiseizure medications (ASMs). Studies on this age group are limited.

Purpose: To identify risk factors for drug resistance in children with epilepsy with the age of onset above five years.

Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney disease children using assessment Pediatric Quality Of Life Inventory™.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is still a serious health problem in children with increasing morbidity and affecting children's quality of life (QoL). The prevalence of children with CKD worldwide is approximately 82 cases/year/1 million children. From the Indonesian Basic Health Survey 2013, the prevalence of patients with CKD aged ≥15 years in Indonesia was 0.