Detecting Microsatellite Instability in Endometrial, Colon, and Stomach Cancers Using Targeted NGS.

Purpose: To develop a method for testing the MSI based on targeted NGS.

Methods: Based on the results of previous studies, 81 microsatellite loci with high variability in MSI-H tumors were selected, and a method for calculating the MSI score was developed. Using the MSI score, we defined the MSI status in endometral (162), colon (153), and stomach (190) cancers.

[Study of FGFR2 status in gastric cancer by immunohistochemistry and fluorescent in situ hybridization].

Background: Assessment of FGFR2 status in gastric cancer is an important task, without clarification of which it is impossible to identify a cohort of patients in whom the best response to treatment with anti-FGFR2 drugs could be obtained.

Objective: To conduct a comparative analysis of the expression and amplification of the gene in gastric cancer in primary tumors and metastases in the lymph nodes.

Material And Methods: FGFR2 status was studied in 61 patients with stage III gastric adenocarcinoma using an immunohistochemical method (Abcam clone EPR24075-418, R&D clone 98706, Santa Cruz clone C-8, Abcam clone 1G3) and FISH.

A phase 1b study of the allosteric extracellular FGFR2 inhibitor alofanib in patients with pretreated advanced gastric cancer.

Alofanib is a small-molecule allosteric extracellular FGFR2 inhibitor. We report safety and preliminary efficacy from the first-in-human phase 1b study of alofanib in heavily pretreated patients with advanced gastric cancer. The standard dose-escalation design 3+3 aimed to establish the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) or recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D).

[Microsatellite instability and DNA mismatch repair deficiency detection in tumors of various sites].

Microsatellite instability, which is caused by a deficiency in the DNA unpaired nucleotide repair system, is an important pathogenetic event for some tumors. In addition, the detection of this molecular feature becomes an independent prognostic factor in the course of the disease and a predictor for the appointment of therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Immunohistochemistry is a reliable and available method for detecting a deficiency in the DNA mismatch repair system, and it has recommended as a screening for hereditary syndromes associated with microsatellite instability.

Femoral Access for Central Venous Port System Implantation.

Totally implanted venous access port (TIVAP) systems provide adequate quality of care and life, especially for oncology patients. Long-term vascular access is very important and easy to perform, but in some clinical situations, if patients have a superior caval system occlusion, femoral insertion may be the only option. We present a case of a 70-year-old colorectal adenocarcinoma patient diagnosed with subclavian vein hypoplasia.