The Evaluation of Troponin I Levels and Myocarditis in Children with COVID-19: A Pediatric Single-Center Experience.

Children with COVID-19 usually show milder symptoms than adults; however, a minority of them may have cardiac involvement. We aimed to identify the role of troponin I levels that may predict early cardiac involvement in children with COVID-19. A single-center retrospective study was conducted to evaluate hospitalized children diagnosed with COVID-19 between March 11, 2020, and December 31, 2021.

Clinical, immunological, molecular and therapeutic findings in monogenic immune dysregulation diseases: Middle East and North Africa registry.

Monogenic immune dysregulation diseases (MIDD) are caused by defective immunotolerance. This study was designed to increase knowledge on the prevalence and spectrum of MIDDs, genetic patterns, and outcomes in Middle East and North Africa (MENA). MIDD patients from 11 MENA countries (Iran, Turkey, Kuwait, Oman, Algeria, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Tunisia, Jordan, Qatar, and Azerbaijan) were retrospectively evaluated.

Re-examining the characteristics of pediatric multiple sclerosis in the era of antibody-associated demyelinating syndromes.

Background: The discovery of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG and anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4)-IgG and the observation on certain patients previously diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) actually have an antibody-mediated disease mandated re-evaluation of pediatric MS series.

Aim: To describe the characteristics of recent pediatric MS cases by age groups and compare with the cohort established before 2015.

Method: Data of pediatric MS patients diagnosed between 2015 and 2021 were collected from 44 pediatric neurology centers across Türkiye.

Investigation of care burden and musculoskeletal pain of parents of paediatric palliative care patients in Turkey.

Background: Caring for a paediatric patient is associated with psychological, physical and social challenges. It may be easy to identify the emotional effects of caregiving burden on parents, but the physical effects are often not known.

Aims: We aimed to examine the relationship between caregiver burden and musculoskeletal pain in caregiver parents of children accessing palliative care services.

Pediatric Status Epilepticus Severity Score (STEPSS): Predictive Performance of Functional Outcomes: A Prospective Single-Center Study.

To prospectively investigate the predictive value of the modified Status Epilepticus Severity Score (STESS) for pediatric use (STEPSS) regarding unfavorable outcomes in the short term. Patients diagnosed as status epilepticus in the emergency department between January 2019 and June 2021 at a tertiary center of the University of Health Sciences, Dr. Behcet Uz Children's Hospital, were included in the study.

Novel RPS6KA3 mutations cause Coffin-Lowry syndrome in two patients and concurrent compulsive eyebrow-pulling behavior in one of them.

Coffin-Lowry syndrome (CLS) is a rare X-linked disorder that, usually affects males, presenting with intellectual disability, short stature, growth retardation, short hands, hyperextensible fingers and progressive kyphoscoliosis. Due to skewed X chromosome inactivation, the clinical presentations of the affected females vary greatly and clinical manifestations could range from mild intellectual disability to typical features of CLS in males. Here, we reported two different novel RPS6KA3 gene mutations in two unrelated CLS patients and also described concomitant compulsive eyebrow-pulling behavior in one of these cases for the first time in the literature.

Impaired IL-23-dependent induction of IFN-γ underlies mycobacterial disease in patients with inherited TYK2 deficiency.

Human cells homozygous for rare loss-of-expression (LOE) TYK2 alleles have impaired, but not abolished, cellular responses to IFN-α/β (underlying viral diseases in the patients) and to IL-12 and IL-23 (underlying mycobacterial diseases). Cells homozygous for the common P1104A TYK2 allele have selectively impaired responses to IL-23 (underlying isolated mycobacterial disease). We report three new forms of TYK2 deficiency in six patients from five families homozygous for rare TYK2 alleles (R864C, G996R, G634E, or G1010D) or compound heterozygous for P1104A and a rare allele (A928V).

Automated closed-loop FiO titration increases the percentage of time spent in optimal zones of oxygen saturation in pediatric patients-A randomized crossover clinical trial.

Introduction: We aimed to compare automated ventilation with closed-loop control of the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO) to automated ventilation with manual titrations of the FiO with respect to time spent in predefined pulse oximetry (SpO) zones in pediatric critically ill patients.

Methods: This was a randomized crossover clinical trial comparing Adaptive Support Ventilation (ASV) 1.1 with use of a closed-loop FiO system vs.

Central Nervous System Fungal Infections in Children With Leukemia and Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

Background: Central nervous system fungal infections (CNSFI) are seen in patients with hematologic malignancies and have high morbidity and mortality. Because of their rarity, there is limited data on CNSFI in children with no established treatment protocols or guidelines.

Materials And Methods: In this multicenter retrospective study, 51 pediatric patients with leukemia, 6 of whom had undergone bone marrow transplantation, with proven or probable CNSFI were evaluated.

Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of Patients with Common and Rare Types of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Novel Variants in and .

Objectives: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of autosomal recessive diseases characterized by salt wasting or virilization. 21 hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) accounts for 90-95% of all cases of CAH and caused by the genetic defects of CYP21A2. Other forms include 3-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency, 11-β-hydroxylase deficiency (11β-OHD) (%5-8), 17-α-hydroxylase deficiency (17α-OHD), and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein () defects (congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia) with mutations in , and , respectively.

Difficult Ventilation in an Infant After Successful Intubation.

Manufacturing defects in the connector of the endotracheal tube are not frequently encountered in emergency and planned intubations. In cases where they are encountered, however, they may cause partial or complete airway obstruction in sick infants with limited reserves, giving rise to a life-threatening situation following the intubation. For this reason, endotracheal tubes must be checked carefully before use.

Validation of the Turkish Version of the Catheterization Risk Score for Pediatrics.

Background: The aim of this study was to perform a validity analysis of the Turkish version of the Catheterization Risk Score for Pediatrics.

Methods: The study sample consisted of 419 pediatric patients who underwent cardiac catheterization. Patient risk factors and outcomes were collected using the revised (r) Catheterization Risk Score for Pediatric score (21 points) and Catheterization Risk Score for Pediatric score-20 point (Nykanen score).

Thoraco-abdominal duplication cyst of the jejunum presenting as respiratory distress in a young infant-a case report.

Thoraco-abdominal duplication cysts are rare congenital anomalies that can accompany vertebral and spinal cord pathologies and occur most frequently in the small intestines. Symptoms such as respiratory distress, dyspnea, tachypnea, cough, hemoptysis, cyanosis, vomiting and dysphagia may develop depending on the location. The cyst has several clinical and radiological dilemmas.

High C-reactive protein and number of previous episodes at diagnosis increase the risk of catheter removal in peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis in children.

Background: A minority of patients with peritonitis require removal of peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheters. We examined risk factors at diagnosis that could predict the removal of PD catheter before obtaining the results of treatment success in children with peritonitis.

Methods: We analyzed 156 peritonitis episodes in 57 pediatric PD patients.

Evaluation of children diagnosed with a lower respiratory tract infection due to Human metapneumovirus.

Background: Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is one of the leading causes of acute respiratory infections and bronchiolitis in infants. A history of prematurity and chronic diseases such as congenital heart disease or asthma/reactive airway disease (RAD) increases the risk of severe lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) due to hMPV. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to analyze the clinical outcome and risk factors for severe disease in children with LRTI due to hMPV.

Nurses' knowledge and experiences of peripheral intravenous catheter insertion at a tertiary paediatric health centre.

Aim: The aim of the study was to determine paediatric nurses' knowledge and experiences of PIVC insertion.

Method: In this cross-sectional study, nurses working in a paediatric hospital in Izmir, Türkiye, between May and September 2019 were included (225; 67.4%).

COVID-19 Disease in Presenting to the Pediatric Emergency Department: A Multicenter Study of 8886 Cases.

Background: The aim was to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiologic data of children with SARS-CoV-2 positivity by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) together with treatment strategies and clinical outcomes and to evaluate cases of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in this population.

Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective observational cohort study performed in the pediatric emergency departments of 19 tertiary hospitals. From March 11, 2020, to May 31, 2021, children who were diagnosed with confirmed nasopharyngeal/tracheal specimen SARS-CoV-2 PCR positivity or positivity for serum-specific antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were included.

Increased Severe Cases and New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Among Children Presenting With Diabetic Ketoacidosis During First Year of COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey.

Introduction: There have been some significant changes regarding healthcare utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic. Majority of the reports about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on diabetes care are from the first wave of the pandemic. We aim to evaluate the potential effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the severity of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and new onset Type 1 diabetes presenting with DKA, and also evaluate children with DKA and acute COVID-19 infection.

Follow-Up of Cases with the Telemedicine Method During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Alternative Strategy for Reduction of Hospital Workload and Hospital-Related Transmissions.

This study evaluated the effect of telemedicine use in children with COVID-19 to reduce the workload of health care facilities. This study was conducted at Dr. Behçet Uz Children's Hospital between October and December 2020.

Breastfeeding and Infant Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Parents.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents about breastfeeding, complementary food, and infant nutrition who have healthy infants born at term and under 2 years of age.

Materials And Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among the parents of infants who came for well-child visits to pediatric clinics of 4 hospitals. Healthy infants under 2 years of age and who had been born at term were interviewed.

Epidemiology of paediatric severe sepsis and septic shock in Turkey: Prevalence, results and treatments study.

Aim: This study was aimed at characterising the prevalence, management and outcomes of paediatric severe sepsis and septic shock in tertiary paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in Turkey.

Methods: A point prevalence study was conducted on 5 days over the course of 1 year in 29 PICUs in Turkey. Outcomes included severe sepsis and septic shock point prevalence, therapies used, duration of PICU stay and mortality at day 28.

A Null Mutation of Causes Dysosteosclerosis, Not Osteopetrosis.

Dysosteosclerosis (DOS) is a rare sclerosing bone dysplasia characterized by unique osteosclerosis of the long tubular bones and platyspondyly. DOS is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and is genetically and clinically heterogeneous. To date, four individuals with DOS who have five different mutations have been reported.

Which Findings Make multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Different from the Pre-Pandemic Kawasaki Disease?

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children associated with COVID-19 infection attracted attention because some features overlapped with Kawasaki disease. And due to these overlapping features with Kawasaki disease, it has become difficult to diagnose both disorders. Therefore, this study focused on the differences between the patients diagnosed with MIS-C after COVID-19 and Kawasaki patients analyzed, particularly during the pre-pandemic period.