Multi-label segmentation and detection of COVID-19 abnormalities from chest radiographs using deep learning.

Due to COVID-19, demand for Chest Radiographs (CXRs) have increased exponentially. Therefore, we present a novel fully automatic modified Attention U-Net (CXAU-Net) multi-class segmentation deep model that can detect common findings of COVID-19 in CXR images. The architectural design of this model includes three novelties: first, an Attention U-net model with channel and spatial attention blocks is designed that precisely localize multiple pathologies; second, dilated convolution applied improves the sensitivity of the model to foreground pixels with additional receptive fields valuation, and third a newly proposed hybrid loss function combines both area and size information for optimizing model.

Sunlight-induced photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants by biosynthesized hetrometallic oxides nanoparticles.

Dyes and phenols are extensively used chemicals in petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, textile, and paints industries. Due to high persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity, their removal from the environment is highly imperative by advanced techniques. Single metal oxide nanomaterials are generally associated with limitations of large bandgap (> 3eV) and charge recombination.

Photofermentative biohydrogen generation from organic acids by Rhodobacter sphaeroides O.U.001: Computational fluid dynamics modeling of hydrodynamics and temperature.

Hydrogen gas is a clean-burning fuel suitable for powering public vehicles. Hydrogen fuel has the highest energy density (143 MJ kg ). This research paper emphasizes three-dimensional hydrodynamics and temperature distribution during photobiohydrogen generation by Rhodobacter sphaeroides strain O.

A critical review on biogas production from edible and non-edible oil cakes.

The circular economy is at the core of sustainable development. The generation of biogas from the massive quantity of agricultural waste biomass is one of the critical drivers of the circular economy. Biogas has enormous renewable energy potential and has multitudes of applications in today's energy-intensive society.

Deciphering supramolecular isomerization in coordination polymers: connected molecular squares fused hexagons.

The self-assembly of Mn(ii), bis(tridentate) ligands and bent dicarboxylate linkers under ambient conditions has been exploited to generate a series of 1D coordination polymers in good yields. For a set of seven compounds, structural isomerization of these architectures is demonstrated through the variation of length and nature of the spacer between the tridentate capping sites of the bis(tridentate) ligands, such as tpbn (N,N',N'',N'''-tetrakis-(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,4-diaminobutane), tphxn (N,N',N'',N'''-tetrakis-(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,6-diaminohexane), and tpxn (N,N',N'',N'''-tetrakis-(2-pyridylmethyl)-xylylamine) or by varying the bent dicarboxylate linker 4,4'-(dimethylsilanediyl)bis-benzoic acid (H2L1) or 4,4'-oxybis-benzoic acid (H2L2). These compounds have been structurally characterized by single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction, FTIR, and thermogravimetric and elemental analyses.

A review on ex situ mineral carbonation.

The increased CO quantities in the environment have led to many harmful effects. Therefore, it is very important to decrease the CO levels in the environment. CO capture along with safe and permanent storage using mineral CO sequestration method can play an important role to reduce carbon emissions into the environment.

Steric Effect of a Capping Ligand on the Formation of Supramolecular Coordination Networks of Ni(II): Solid-State Entrapment of Cyclic Water Dimer.

Supramolecular dimer of water is the simplest of the small water clusters [(HO) , = 2-10]. During the course of our work on supramolecular coordination networks of three-component systems (divalent metal ion, tridentate capping ligand, and ditopic carboxylate linker), a cyclic water dimer is found to be entrapped in the network of [Ni(6-Mebpta)(adc)]·2HO () (6-Mebpta = 2-methyl--((6-methylpyridin-2-yl)methyl)--(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)propan-2-amine and adc = acetylenedicarboxylate). Based on the single-crystal structure of , the water dimer plays an important role in connecting the bis(adc) bridged dinickel synthons to form a one-dimensional (1D) supramolecular network.

A Primary Amide-Functionalized Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of Coumarin-3-carboxylic Acids via a Tandem Reaction.

A crystalline primary amide-based bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst, {[Cd(2-BPXG)(Fum)(HO)]·2HO} () (where, 2-BPXG = 2,2'-((1,4-phenylenebis(methylene))((pyridin-2-ylmethyl)azanediyl)) diacetamide and Fum = fumarate), has been developed for the one-pot synthesis of a series of potentially biologically active coumarin-3-carboxylic acids at room temperature via a Knoevenagel-intramolecular cyclization tandem reaction. Catalyst is prepared at room temperature from a one-pot self-assembly process in 81% yield and high purity within a few hours and has a ladder-like polymeric architecture based on single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Additional characterization of includes elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and powder X-ray diffraction.

Energy optimization of Multiple Stage Evaporator system using Water Cycle Algorithm.

Black liquor, a residual stream from the Kraft recovery process of paper mills is an incipient biomass energy resource which finds prospective biofuel-based industrial applications to ensure process self-sufficiency and sustainability. Black liquor is concentrated using Multiple Stage Evaporator, the utmost energy intensive unit, before using it as biofuel. Pertaining to the contemporary global energy scenario, improvement in energy efficiency of Multiple Stage Evaporator becomes indispensable.

Improvement in Production of Rhamnolipids Using Fried Oil with Hydrophilic Co-substrate by Indigenous Pseudomonas aeruginosa NJ2 and Characterizations.

Commercialization of biosurfactant remained a challenge due to lack of structural variation and economical process using low-cost materials and low productivity. Improvement in production of biosurfactant using fried oil with hydrophilic co-substrate by an indigenous strain was studied. Microbe isolated from exhaust chimney condensate was screened for utilization of mixed carbon source and then identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa NJ2 by 16S rDNA gene sequence.

Degradation of tricyclic polyaromatic hydrocarbons in water, soil and river sediment with a novel TiO based heterogeneous nanocomposite.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pervasive and precedence pollutants have potential to decimate the bionetwork and human health. Therefore, photocatalytic degradation of toxic three membered PAHs, namely acenaphthene (ACN), phenanthrene (PHN) and fluorene (FLU) was explored in water and soil. Titanium dioxide based zinc hexacyanoferrate framework (TiO@ZnHCF) nanocomposite was synthesized via a two step A.

Synthesis of a biodegradable interpenetrating polymer network of Av-cl-poly(AA-ipn-AAm) for malachite green dye removal: kinetics and thermodynamic studies.

This paper deals with the synthesis of a biodegradable interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) from the natural polysaccharide aloe vera (Av), acrylamide (AAm) and acrylic acid (AA), and its evaluation as a dye removal device. In the synthesis of Av-cl-poly(AA-ipn-AAm), ammonium persulfate (APS) was used as an initiator, ,'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as a cross-linker, AA and AAm as primary and secondary monomers, respectively. Soil burial and composting methods were used to study the biodegradability of the synthesized IPN and the results showed 94% degradation within 70 days using the composting method and 86% degradation within 77 days using the soil burial method.

Risk estimation and multivariate statistical analysis of the heavy metal content of drinking water samples.

Drinking water samples of Jaipur and Ajmer districts of Rajasthan, India, were collected and analyzed for the measurement of concentration of heavy metals. The purpose of this study was to determine the sources of the heavy metals in the drinking water. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used for the determination of the heavy metal concentrations, and for the statistical analysis of the data, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed.

A review, simple meta-analysis and future directions of safety climate research in manufacturing organizations.

This article reviews 60 studies examining safety climates related to manufacturing. The study identifies several conceptual and methodological limitations associated with developing safety climate measurements, such as lack of a rigorous validation process, problematic sample sizes and composition. Within the reviewed studies, several factors were used to measure safety climates.

A molecular dynamics study on Young's modulus and tribology of carbon nanotube reinforced styrene-butadiene rubber.

Styrene-butadiene rubber is a copolymer widely used in making car tires and has excellent abrasion resistance. The Young's modulus and tribology of pure styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) polymer and carbon nanotube reinforced polymer composites have been investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. The mechanism of enhanced tribology properties using carbon nanotube has been studied and discussed.

Ranking and clustering of Drosophila olfactory receptors using mathematical morphology.

This article introduces an alignment-free clustering method in order to cluster all the 66 DORs sequentially diverse protein sequences. Two different methods are discussed: one is utilizing twenty standard amino acids (without grouping) and another one is using chemical grouping of amino acids (with grouping). Two grayscale images (representing two protein sequences by order pair frequency matrices) are compared to find the similarity index using morphology technique.

Removal of chlorpyrifos, thiamethoxam, and tebuconazole from water using green synthesized metal hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles.

The low-cost and highly efficient pesticides are largely used in residential, agricultural, and commercial applications. Their prevalent occurrence, bioaccumulation, and chronic toxicity to living beings have raised environmental concern and call for their whole eradication, especially from water. By virtue of semiconducting nature and high surface area, nanomaterials have become efficient adsorbent and photocatalyst in removal of toxins.

Gum xanthan-psyllium-cl-poly(acrylic acid-co-itaconic acid) based adsorbent for effective removal of cationic and anionic dyes: Adsorption isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamic studies.

The present work highlights the synthesis of the adsorbent based on Gum xanthan-psyllium hybrid backbone graft co-polymerized with polyacrylic acid-co-polyitaconic acid chains for the rapid sequestration of auramine-O (Aur-O) and eriochrome black-T (EBT) dyes from the aqueous fluid. The excellent dye removal efficiency of 90.53% for EBT and 95.

Recent strategies for removal and degradation of persistent & toxic organochlorine pesticides using nanoparticles: A review.

Organochlorines (OCs) are the most hazardous class of pesticides, therefore, banned or restricted in several countries. The major sources of OCs include food industries, agriculture and sewage wastes. Their effluents discharged into the water bodies contain extremely high concentration of OCs which ultimately causes environmental concern.

ASSESSMENT OF INHALATION DOSE FROM THE INDOOR 222Rn AND 220Rn USING RAD7 AND PINHOLE CUP DOSEMETERS.

Radon is the most important source of natural radiation and is responsible for approximately half of the received dose from all sources. Most of this dose is from inhalation of the radon progeny, especially in closed atmospheres. Concentration of radon (Rn) and thoron (Rn) in the different villages of Jalandhar and Kapurthala district of Punjab has been calculated by pinhole cup dosemeters and RAD7.

Arsenic contamination of groundwater: a review of sources, prevalence, health risks, and strategies for mitigation.

Arsenic contamination of groundwater in different parts of the world is an outcome of natural and/or anthropogenic sources, leading to adverse effects on human health and ecosystem. Millions of people from different countries are heavily dependent on groundwater containing elevated level of As for drinking purposes. As contamination of groundwater, poses a serious risk to human health.

Structural insight into the binding interactions of modeled structure of Arabidopsis thaliana urease with urea: an in silico study.

Urease (EC 3.5.1.

K-nearest neighbour-based algorithm for P- and T-waves detection and delineation.

The aim of an automated Electrocardiogram (ECG) delineation system is the reliable detection of the characteristic waveforms and determination of peaks and limits of individual QRS-complex, P- and T-waves. In this paper, a classical statistical pattern recognition algorithm characterized with high accuracy and stability, i.e.

Interaction of aromatic amines with iron oxides: implications for prebiotic chemistry.

The interaction of aromatic amines (aniline, p-chloroaniline, p-toludine and p-anisidine) with iron oxides (goethite, akaganeite and hematite) has been studied. Maximum uptake of amines was observed around pH 7. The adsorption data obtained at neutral pH were found to follow Langmuir adsorption.