Pleural Thickening after Pleural Effusion: How can we Follow-Up in Children?

Introduction: No clear information exists about the factors affecting pleural thickening following parapneumonic effusion in children. We aimed to investigate factors that affect the resolving time of pleural thickening after parapneumonic effusion.

Methods: Between the years of 2007-18, 91 patients, which were followed due to diagnosis of pleural thickening after parapneumonic effusion, were assessed.

Comparison of the diameter of coronary arteries between small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) newborn infants.

Aim: For the small for gestational age (SGA) infants born at the normal birth time but whose birth weights were below the 10th percentile and for the appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants born in normal birth weights according to gestational week, the diameters of right and left coronary arteries were echocardiographically measured in three separate time intervals with their body weights, heights and body surface area parameters. The aim of this study is to compare the progression of coronary artery diameters of SGA infants with AGA infants over time and the effects of coronary artery diameters on the clinical and hemodynamic parameters of SGA babies.

Material And Methods: Term 55 SGA babies were compared with 200 AGA infants at birth, first and sixth months of ages for both growth parameters and coronary artery diameters measurements.

Continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration in the treatment of newborns with an inborn metabolic disease: a single center experience.

Background/aim: Most inborn metabolic diseases are diagnosed during the neonatal period. The accumulation of toxic metabolites may cause acute metabolic crisis with long-term neurological dysfunction and death. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) modalities allow the efficient removal of toxic metabolites.

Macrophage activation syndrome due to Nocardia spp in a pediatric patient with cystic fibrosis.

Nocardia spp is a gram-positive aerobic filamentous bacteria that causes pulmonary and systemic infections, especially in patients with immunosuppression or chronic lung diseases. It is rarely reported in children with cystic fibrosis. Macrophage activation syndrome is a life-threatening disease with an excessive inflammatory response usually triggered by infections.

Time-averaged hemoglobin values, not hemoglobin cycling, have an impact on outcomes in pediatric dialysis patients.

Background: During erythropoietin-stimulating agent (ESA) treatment, hemoglobin (Hb) levels usually fluctuate; this phenomenon is known as "Hb cycling (HC)." In this study, we aimed to evaluate the predictors of HC and its impact on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) as a patient-important outcome parameter in pediatric dialysis patients.

Methods: Records of patients followed up in nine pediatric nephrology centers between 2008 and 2013 were reviewed.

Neurocognitive disorders and sleep in children with primary ciliary dyskinesia.

Background: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) patients have higher incidence of sleep disordered breathing which lead neurocognitive impairments such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It may effect academic performance of children and may cause impairment in emotional relationships. This study aim to evaluate hyperactivity and attention deficiency in PCD patients and investigate the relationship between sleep and hyperactivity and attention deficiency in PCD patients.

Determining type 2 diabetes risk factors for the adults: A community based study from Turkey.

Aims: This study aimed to determine risk factors for type 2 diabetes among adults who were not diagnosed with diabetes.

Methods: Adults were included in this study within the public activities performed on World Diabetes Day (n=1872). Data were collected using the FINDRISC questionnaire and a short questionnaire.

Isolated acute lupus pneumonitis as the initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus in an 8-year-old girl.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease which has broad pleuropulmonary manifestations. One of the rare and mortal complications is acute lupus pneumonitis, which is reported very rarely, especially in childhood. Herein, we report an 8-year-old girl with isolated acute lupus pneumonitis as the initial presentation that required a lung biopsy for diagnosis.

MaFOS-GDM trial: Maternal fish oil supplementation in women with gestational diabetes and cord blood DNA methylation at insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) gene.

Background: To evaluate the effects of maternal fish oil supplementation in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on birthweight and DNA methylation at insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) gene in their offspring.

Methods: Randomized controlled trial. A total of 120 women with GDM were randomized to one of the two groups between 24 and 28 weeks of the pregnancy: Group 1 (n = 52) received fish oil liquid softgel (Ocean plus®) and Group 2 (Placebo) (n = 68) sunflower oil liquid softgel.

Maternal and neonatal micronutrient levels in newborns with CHD.

Objective: It is suggested that folic acid and/or multivitamins, taken periconceptionally, have a role in the prevention of many congenital anomalies. The aim of this study was to determine the serum micronutrient levels in mother-infant pairs with CHD compared with those with healthy newborns and their mothers.

Methods: Serum levels of folic acid, homocysteine, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin D, and vitamin B12 were measured from 108 newborns with CHD (study group) and 103 healthy newborns (control group).

Implantation of a double iris-claw intraocular lens in an aphakic nanophthalmic eye.

A 55-year-old female with an aphakic nanophthalmic eye underwent a secondary intraocular lens implantation (IOL) with double Artisan aphakia iris claw IOLs (ICIOLs) and was evaluated in this research. The patient's preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of the right eye was 0.4 (0.

Relationship between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and retinopathy of prematurity.

Aim To evaluate the relationship between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D, 25 (OH) D, levels and retinopathy of prematurity. Methods and Results Serum 25 (OH) D levels were measured in 97 very low birth weight infants, prior to vitamin D supplementation. The development of retinopathy of prematurity and its treatment requirement were evaluated.

Retinovascular findings in newborns with critical congenital heart disease: A case series.

Critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) may cause changes in retinal vasculature. However, there is lack of data in this issue in newborns. We evaluated retinovascular changes in a series of 43 newborn with CCHD.

Additive effect of mesenchymal stem cells and defibrotide in an arterial rat thrombosis model.

Background/aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the additive effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and defibrotide (DFT) in a rat model of femoral arterial thrombosis.

Methods: Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were included. An arterial thrombosis model by ferric chloride (FeCl3) was developed in the left femoral artery.

Predictive values of plasma KL-6 in bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants.

Background/aim: It has been suggested that plasma KL-6 increases in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We aimed to evaluate the predictive values of KL-6 in BPD.

Materials And Methods: The study was performed in preterm neonates with birthweight ≤1500 g and gestational age ≤32 weeks.

Effect of the timing of dialysis initiation on left ventricular hypertrophy and ınflammation in pediatric patients.

Background: The optimal time for dialysis initiation in adults and children with chronic kidney disease remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of dialysis timing on different outcome parameters, in particular left ventricular (LV) morphology and inflammation, in pediatric patients receiving peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis.

Methods: The medical records of pediatric dialysis patients who were followed-up in nine pediatric nephrology centers in Turkey between 2008 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed.

Symptomatic Fetal-Type Cardiac Rhabdomyoma.

Rhabdomyomas are the most common primary cardiac tumors, especially seen during early periods of childhood. Fetaltype rhabdomyoma is a benign tumor described almost always in extracardiac locations. Although the natural history of the cardiac rhabdomyoma is to regress, the behaviour of the fetal-type rhabdomyomas when present in the heart is unknown with respect to its infrequency.

Comparison of Intravitreal Bevacizumab, Intravitreal Ranibizumab and Laser Photocoagulation for Treatment of Type 1 Retinopathy of Prematurity in Turkish Preterm Children.

Purpose: To evaluate effectiveness of treatment modalities, major complications and refractive errors in children who were treated with intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB), intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) or laser photocoagulation (LP) for type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Methods: Premature infants who underwent IVB monotherapy (Group 1), IVR monotherapy (Group 2) or LP (Group 3) for type 1 ROP and infants with spontaneously regressed ROP (Group 4) were included for the study. Major complications, recurrence rate, recurrence time, total retinal vascularization time and refractive errors at 18 months of corrected age (CA) were determined.

Aneurysm of the muscular septum associated with Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome presenting as dilated cardiomyopathy; A report of two cases.

Muscular septal aneurysms are extremely rare without a ventricular septal defect and are diagnosed accidentally in most cases. Reported cases generally have rhythm disturbance or electrocardiographic findings of Wolf-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. Presently described are 2 cases of ventricular septal aneurysm associated with WPW syndrome, which presented as dilated cardiomyopathy.

Ocular Disorders in Turkish Children with Sensorineural Hearıng Loss: A Cross-Sectional Study and Literature Review.

Purpose: To investigate types and frequencies of ocular disorders in children with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), and to emphasize the importance of ophthalmological examination in these children.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the examination records of children examined in our instutititon between January 2011 and September 2014 was performed. Ocular disorders of children with SHNL were selectively reviewed.

Does Correction of Strabismus Improve Quality of Life in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Results of a Parent Survey by Ophthalmologists.

Purpose: Ophthalmic problems are reported to be common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and strabismus is of particular importance. We aimed to investigate the outcomes of strabismus management in cases with ASD and identify the impact of optical or surgical correction of the strabismus on the child using a questionnaire for parents.

Methods: A survey was designed to assess parents' perceptions of pre-management and post-management quality of life in 41 children aged 5-17 years with ASD and strabismus using a questionnaire with 10 questions, including three subscales.

Recent Declines in Infant and Neonatal Mortality in Turkey from 2007 to 2012: Impact of Improvements in Health Policies.

Background: Infant mortality rate (IMR) and neonatal mortality rate (NMR) are accepted as good indicators to measure the health status of a nation. This report describes recent declines in IMR and NMR in Turkey.

Methods: Data on infants who died before 12 months of life were obtained from the Infant Mortality Monitoring System of Ministry of Health of Turkey between 2007 and 2012.

Agenesis of retinal vessels in a newborn with central nervous system developmental abnormality.

A full-term infant with neonatal seizures was diagnosed to have corpus callosum agenesis with congenital agyria. His indirect ophthalmoscopical evaluation revealed bilateral complete absence of retinal vessels with normal optic discs and macula. Bilateral lamellar cataracts developed in the second month of follow-up, and his muscle biopsy was consistent with a mitochondrial disorder.

Type VI Aplasia Cutis Congenita: Bart's Syndrome.

Bart's syndrome is characterized by aplasia cutis congenita and epidermolysis bullosa. We present the case of a newborn male who developed blisters on the mucous membranes and the skin following congenital localized absence of skin. Bart's syndrome (BS) is diagnosed clinically based on the disorder's unique signs and symptoms but histologic evaluation of the skin can help to confirm the final diagnosis.