Real-time ultrasound-guided epidural catheter placement in infants: a case series.

Although epidural catheter insertion under ultrasound (US) guidance in the pediatric age group has been reported in the literature, it is yet to be adopted widely in clinical practice. The incomplete fusion of bones in pediatric patients provides an acoustic window for the US. The epidural space in children is at shallow depth, hence a high-frequency probe, which provides better resolution can be used.

Paraquat poisoning with spontaneous pneumothorax in the era of online shopping.

This is a case of a 22-year-old male student who took paraquat as a substance abuse. He presented with flu-like symptoms and chest X-ray depicting changes of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). After looking at his purchase history in his cell phone, he was found to have purchased paraquat dichloride online and its use was later confirmed by his roommate.

Comparison of landmark and real-time ultrasound-guided epidural catheter placement in the pediatric population: a prospective randomized comparative trial.

Background: Epidural block placement in pediatric patients is technically challenging for anesthesiologists. The use of ultrasound (US) for the placement of an epidural catheter has shown promise. We compared landmark-guided and US-guided lumbar or lower thoracic epidural needle placement in pediatric patients.

Effect of Maternal Supplementation With Two Different Doses of Vitamin D During Lactation on Vitamin D Status, Anthropometry and Bone Mass of Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: There is a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in exclusively breast-fed infants in the absence of appropriate vitamin D supplementation.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of two doses of maternal vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D levels of mother-infant pairs and to assess its effect on growth parameters (weight, length and head circumference) and bone mass of infants.

Study Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Evaluation of β-Thalassaemia Cases for Common Mutations in Western Rajasthan.

β-Thalassaemia, the most common monogenic disorder, is characterized by genetic heterogeneity at the molecular level. More than 300 mutations of the β globin gene have been characterized all over the world, however, few common mutations account for majority of the cases in various populations. The present study aimed to screen known cases of β-thalassaemia in the Western part of Rajasthan state for five common mutations.

Brain Injury Patterns in Neonates With Hypernatremic Dehydration: Single Center Experience.

Objective: To find out the incidence, spectrum, and topographical distribution of brain lesions in neonatal hypernatremic dehydration.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 100 consecutive neonates admitted with hypernatremic dehydration. 93 neonates underwent magnetic resonance imaging brain to identify the nature and site of neurological injury.

Flashback and lessons learnt from history of pandemics before COVID-19.

With an increasing frequency of infectious disease outbreaks, the COVID-19 pandemic causing mortality around the world and the threat of similar future events looming large, mankind is faced with the herculean task of counteracting such threats with the best possible strategies and public health decisions. It is key that such decisions should be guided by previous examples of similar health emergencies. Here we review some of the significant infectious disease outbreaks, including epidemics and pandemics occurring worldwide in the past including their impact at population and global levels, unique challenges presented by each and the measures taken by authorities worldwide as well as the crucial lessons each epidemic or pandemic provided.

Risk Factors for Procurence of Mucormycosis and its Manifestations Post Covid-19: a Single Arm Retrospective Unicentric Clinical Study.

To assess the risk factors causative of ROCM post COVID-19. To determine the clinical manifestations, causative factors leading to surge in ROCM & factors contributing to poor prognosis in ROCM cases occurring in Western Rajasthan post COVID-19. In a Retrospective observational study, 56 post COVID-19 ROCM patients were analyzed from 'May-June 2021' at M.

Role of melatonin in attenuation of hemodynamic response to intubation and anesthetic requirements: a randomized, controlled, double-blind study.

Background: Melatonin has been studied to have anxiolytic, sedative, and analgesic effects. However, there is limited data on the effect of melatonin in the attenuation of hemodynamic response to intubation. We aimed to study whether preanesthetic oral melatonin attenuates hemodynamic responses to intubation and anesthetic requirements.

Role of age at onset in the clinical presentation of bipolar disorder in Indian population.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine any association of age at onset (AAO) with clinical presentation of bipolar disorder (BD) and family history of illness.

Materials And Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted including 162 patients having a diagnosis of BD current episode manic. Individuals were divided into three subgroups according to AAO, i.

" infestation in a severely malnourished (SAM) celiac disease child:" A rare case report from Western Rajasthan.

A case of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in severe protein energy malnutrition child with associated celiac disease (CD) is herein reported. The case was a 4-year-old, severely malnourished female admitted to the tertiary level hospital of Western Rajasthan, due to watery diarrhea, pain abdomen, and vomiting, not responding to treatment. The patient was HIV negative, nondiabetic, had no evidence of tuberculosis, Liver Function Test, Renal Function Test were normal was within normal limits.

Bilateral severe microphthalmos with bilateral colobomatus orbitopalpebral cyst: accessibility of speciality eye-care and rehabilitation services in low and middle-income countries.

A 12-year-old girl presented with an unusually large mass under the right lower eyelid and a smaller mass under the left lower lid since the last 6 months. The parents had noticed the absence of the right eyeball and a very small left eyeball and no vision in both eyes since birth but did not approach the healthcare system. The patient was diagnosed as a case of bilateral severe microphthalmos with colobomatous cyst with late presentation and was treated surgically.

Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction in Covid-19: An Observational Study in a Tertiary Care Institute of Western Rajasthan.

Coronavirus causes damage to chemosensory receptors resulting in olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. This study reports our observations on anosmia and ageusia in symptomatic COVID-19 positive patients admitted in the COVID centre of Western Rajasthan. A total of 98 symptomatic, RT-PCR positive COVID-19 patients admitted in the M.

Modified partial penile disassembly repair for improved functional and cosmetic outcome in isolated male epispadias.

Introduction And Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the functional and cosmetic outcome of single-stage modified partial penile disassembly repair in isolated male epispadias.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of 15 cases of primary epispadias repair, from June 2015 to December 2018, was performed. Patients were classified by the type of epispadias, urinary incontinence, chordee, and rotation.

Comparison of analgesic efficacy of intrathecal 1% 2-chloroprocaine with or without fentanyl in elective caesarean section: A prospective, double-blind, randomised study.

Background And Aims: Preservative free 1% 2-chlorprocaine is a short acting local anaesthetic agent suitable for day care surgical procedures. Potentiation of analgesic action of intrathecal local anaesthetics by the addition of opioids is well known. In this study, we investigated the effect of intrathecal fentanyl as an adjuvant to 1% 2-chloroprocaine (2-CP) in parturients undergoing elective lower segment caesarean section (LSCS).

Postpartum genital myiasis - infestation with giant uterine fibroid: A rare case with review of literature.

A 32-year-old multiparous rural woman having 26 weeks of pregnancy with giant uterine fibroid extending up to the cervix had stillbirth 2 weeks back and left hospital against medical advice. She was readmitted in emergency with necrotic prolapsed uterine fibroid with offensive vaginal bleeding. On examination, the patient had necrotic prolapsed fibroid with very offensive bloody discharge and a large number of larvae of (human botfly) were crawling in necrotic tissue.

Clinicoepidemiological Profile and Genetic Characterization of Circulating Rotavirus Strain among Children < 5 Years Hospitalized for Acute Gastroenteritis in Western Rajasthan, India.

Objective: To determine the clinical and epidemiological profile and circulating strains of rotavirus among children less than 5 y of age hospitalized for diarrhea in a tertiary care center of western Rajasthan.

Method: Children < 5 y of age admitted for acute gastroenteritis were recruited in this hospital-based surveillance study. Detailed clinical history and sociodemographic information was collected for all enrolled children.

An Extremely Rare Combination of Monteggia Equivalent Type 1 Lesion (diaphyseal Ulna and Radial Neck Fractures Without Dislocation) with Ipsilateral Radius Shaft and Distal Radius Fractures in a Child.

Introduction: We report an extremely rare combination of Monteggia equivalent Type 1 lesion (diaphyseal ulna and radial neck fractures without dislocation) with ipsilateral radius shaft and distal radius fractures in a 13-year-old boy. There are only a few cases of Monteggia or Monteggia equivalent injury with ipsilateral forearm fractures in children, and injury pattern being reported by us is not only rare but also the only case reported, thus far to the best of our knowledge.

Case Report: A 13-year-old, right-hand dominant boy presented in casualty with a history of fall 1 day back with pain, swelling and deformity in the left forearm with bleeding from the left forearm, and restriction of movement of fingers and thumb of the left hand.

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius: an undocumented, emerging pathogen in humans.

The first infections of methicillin-resistant in humans were recorded in 2006, and is now becoming a concern because of its close similarities to human pathogens in the group (SIG). These bacteria have all the properties which a multidrug-resistant possesses. The literature was searched using the term "" in PubMed and other reference databases.

Favipiravir Use in COVID-19: Analysis of Suspected Adverse Drug Events Reported in the WHO Database.

Background: COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus emerged as an unprecedented challenge to discover effective drugs for its prevention and cure. Hyperinflammation-induced lung damage is one of the poor prognostic indicators causing a higher rate of morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 patients. Favipiravir, an antiviral drug, is being used for COVID-19 treatment, and we currently have limited information regarding its efficacy and safety.