Geo-spatial analysis of acute ischemic stroke reperfusion treatment in India: An assessment of distribution and access to centers.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of global mortality and disability, with a disproportionately high burden in low- and middle-income countries. Access to intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular treatment (EVT) remains extremely limited.

Aims: We evaluated the spatial distribution and geographic accessibility of stroke centers in India.

Distinct anal microbiome is correlated with anal cancer precursors in MSM with HIV.

Objectives: Anal cancer risk is elevated in MSM with HIV (MSMWH). Anal high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) infection is necessary but insufficient to develop high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), the anal cancer precursor, suggesting additional factors. We sought to determine whether the microbiome of the anal canal is distinct by comparing it with the microbiome of stool.

Outcome Evaluation of Repeat Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations.

Background: Repeat stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for persistent cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) has generally favorable patient outcomes. However, reporting studies are limited by small patient numbers and single-institution biases. The purpose of this study was to provide the combined experience of multiple centers, in an effort to fully define the role of repeat SRS for patients with arteriovenous malformation.

Telemedicine during and post-COVID 19: The insights of neurosurgery patients and physicians.

Objective: COVID-19 has caused a massive surge in telemedicine utilization as patients and physicians tried to minimize in-person contact to avoid the spread and impact of the pandemic. This study aims to expand on the knowledge of telemedicine during and beyond the COVID-19 era as it pertains to its use, efficacy, and patient and provider satisfaction through surveys.

Methods: This is a retrospective study involving 93 patients and 33 Neurosurgery physicians who anonymously participated in the survey about their experience with telemedicine visits.

Thirty-day unplanned readmission in hospitalised asthma patients in the USA.

Introduction: Hospital quality improvement and hospital performance are commonly evaluated using parameters such as average length of stay (LOS), patient safety measures and rates of hospital readmission. Thirty-day readmission (30-DR) rates are widely used as a quality indicator and a quantifiable metric for hospitals since patients are often readmitted for the exacerbation of conditions from index admission. The quality of patient education and postdischarge care can influence readmission rates.

Genomic biomarkers in chronic beryllium disease and sarcoidosis.

Background Previous gene expression studies have identified genes IFNγ, TNFα, RNase 3, CXCL9, and CD55 as potential biomarkers for sarcoidosis and/or chronic beryllium disease (CBD). We hypothesized that differential expression of these genes could function as diagnostic biomarkers for sarcoidosis and CBD, and prognostic biomarkers for sarcoidosis. Study Design/Methods We performed RT-qPCR on whole blood samples from CBD (n = 132), beryllium sensitized (BeS) (n = 109), and sarcoidosis (n = 99) cases and non-diseased controls (n = 97) to determine differential expression of target genes.

Use of Physiological Data From a Wearable Device to Identify SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Symptoms and Predict COVID-19 Diagnosis: Observational Study.

Background: Changes in autonomic nervous system function, characterized by heart rate variability (HRV), have been associated with infection and observed prior to its clinical identification.

Objective: We performed an evaluation of HRV collected by a wearable device to identify and predict COVID-19 and its related symptoms.

Methods: Health care workers in the Mount Sinai Health System were prospectively followed in an ongoing observational study using the custom Warrior Watch Study app, which was downloaded to their smartphones.

The Prescription of Long-Acting Opioids for Working-Age Patients With Workers' Compensation or Chronic Illness Diagnoses in the United States: From the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS), 2010 to 2016.

Objective: To examine associations of workers' compensation, chronic conditions, age, sex, and race/ethnicity with primary prescription of long-acting opioids (LAO) among working-age patients in ambulatory care.

Methods: Using the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (2010 to 2016), we conducted descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression analyses of patients aged 18 to 64 with an LAO as their primary medication.

Results: Those prescribed an LAO were more likely to be men (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.

A randomized control trial assessing the effect of a pharmaceutical care service on Syrian refugees' quality of life and anxiety.

Background: Syrian refugees residing in Jordan suffer from chronic illnesses, low quality of life (QoL) and anxiety. Pharmacists delivering the medication review service can have a role in improving this growing worldwide problem.

Objectives: To assess the effect of the medication review service on QoL and anxiety scores for Syrian refugees living with chronic medical conditions.

Insights into the Past and Future of Atlantoaxial Stabilization Techniques.

Over the past century, atlantoaxial stabilization techniques have improved considerably. To our knowledge there has been a scarcity of articles published that focus specifically on the history of atlantoaxial stabilization. Examining the history of instrumentation allows us to evaluate the impact of early influences on current modern stabilization techniques.

Occipitocervical Fusion: An Updated Review.

Occipitocervical fusion (OCF) is indicated for instability at the craniocervical junction (CCJ). Numerous surgical techniques, which evolved over 90 years, as well as unique anatomic and kinematic relationships of this region present a challenge to the neurosurgeon. The current standard involves internal rigid fixation by polyaxial screws in cervical spine, contoured rods and occipital plate.

Extreme Lateral Approach to the Craniovertebral Junction: An Update.

Introduction: The term 'extreme lateral approach' (ELA) was first introduced by Sen and Sekhar relatively recently (in 1990). Its definition varies and remains controversial, but it generally entails more aggressive bony removal than the far lateral approach (FLA).

Goal: In this paper we review the relevant literature and weigh up the advantages and disadvantages of this approach.

The Far Lateral Approach to the Craniovertebral Junction: An Update.

Introduction: Since 1972, when Hammon first described the far lateral approach (FLA) for treatment of vertebral artery aneurysms, it has undergone numerous modifications, including drilling of the occipital condyle, removal of the laminas of upper cervical vertebrae and so on. Also, the range of indications has increased exponentially.

Objective: In this paper we discuss state-of-the-art advances in the FLA, such as promising minimally invasive variants where an endoscope is used, and many others.

The High Cervical Anterolateral Retropharyngeal Approach.

The first high cervical anterolateral retropharyngeal (HCALR) approach was reported by Stevenson et al. for a clivus chordoma in 1966. Anterior approaches to the spine have often been developed in response to problems presented by tuberculous spondylitis.

Pharmacists in humanitarian crisis settings: Assessing the impact of pharmacist-delivered home medication management review service to Syrian refugees in Jordan.

Background: Refugees all over the world are facing several health-related problems. Chronic diseases among Syrian refugees in Jordan are high. The Home Medication Management Review (HMMR) service could be ideal to optimize refugees' health management.

Dose-Related Target Occupancy and Effects on Circuitry, Behavior, and Neuroplasticity of the Glycine Transporter-1 Inhibitor PF-03463275 in Healthy and Schizophrenia Subjects.

Background: Glycine transporter-1 (GlyT1) inhibitors may ameliorate cognitive impairments associated with schizophrenia. The dose-related occupancy and target engagement of the GlyT1 inhibitor PF-03463275 were studied to inform optimal dose selection for a clinical trial for cognitive impairments associated with schizophrenia.

Methods: In substudy 1, the effects of PF-03463275 (10, 20, and 40 mg twice a day) on occupancy of GlyT1 were tested using positron emission tomography and F-MK-6577, and visual long-term potentiation (LTP) in schizophrenia patients (SZs) and healthy control subjects.

Profile of hepatic involvement in dengue infections in adult Pakistani population.

Objectives: To estimate the range of hepatic involvement in dengue infections by assessing clinical and biochemical profile of adult dengue infected patients.

Methods: Serologically confirmed 220 adult cases of dengue infections admitted to Mayo hospital from June 2013 to November 2013 were classified as having dengue fever, dengue haemorragic fever and dengue shock syndrome. The frequency and range of bilirubin, liver enzymes derangement and presence of liver enlargement in each group was calculated and further stratified according to age and gender.

p90 ribosomal S6 kinase: a potential therapeutic target in lung cancer.

A global survey of cancer has shown that lung cancer is the most common cause of the new cancer cases and cancer deaths in men worldwide. The mortality from lung cancer is more than the combined mortality from breast, prostate and colorectal cancers. The two major histological types of lung cancer are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for about 85 % of cases and small cell lung cancer accounting for 15 % of cases.

Hydroxyapatite-coated oral implants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate treatment outcomes of hydroxyapatite-coated implants in comparison to nonhydroxyapatite-coated implants.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive electronic search was performed through MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), the UK National Research Register, and Conference proceedings citation index up to June 2011. Additionally, several journals, bibliographies of selected articles, and relevant reviews were manually searched.

Elders with implant overdentures: a 22-year clinical report.

Objective: To report on the long-term survival and prosthodontic maintenance of two edentulous adults with mandibular overdentures supported by hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated implants.

Background: Mandibular implant overdentures are a successful treatment option with positive impact on the quality of life of elderly edentulous adults. Long-term survival of the implants requires continued rigorous prosthodontic maintenance.

Clinical performance and material properties of single-implant overdenture attachment systems.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical properties of different attachment systems used for mandibular single-implant overdentures and to compare their wear/deformation features with clinical performance in patients after 1 year.

Materials And Methods: Three attachment systems were evaluated: large 5.9-mm titanium nitride-coated ball attachments with plastic matrices, standard 2.

Mandibular single-implant overdentures: preliminary results of a randomised-control trial on early loading with different implant diameters and attachment systems.

Objectives: To determine surgical and prosthodontic outcomes of mandibular single-implant overdentures, opposing complete maxillary dentures, using a wide diameter implant and large ball attachment system compared with different regular diameter implants with standard attachment systems.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six edentulous participants (mean age 68 years, SD 9.2) were randomly assigned into three treatment groups (n=12).