Extending Myringotomy Patency with Topical Everolimus in Rats.

Background: Everolimus is an immunosuppressant agent that has antiproliferative properties and negative effects on wound healing. The effect of everolimus use to delay the closure time of myringotomy is not known.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of topical everolimus on myringotomy patency and to investigate its histopathologic effects on the tympanic membrane.

Evaluation of Device-associated Nosocomial Infections in a Paediatric Intensive Care Unit.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of device-associated healthcare-associated infections (DA-HAI) in a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU). In addition, the identities of the responsible micro-organisms and of their antibiotic sensitivities were determined.

Subjects And Methods: Patients who had been treated and followed-up in a PICU for more than 48 hours between January 2008 and December 2013 were included in the study.

Evaluation of the Effects of Bile on the Arterial Tonus in a Rabbit Model.

Background: Hepatic artery anastomosis is an essential part of live-donor liver transplantation, and during this anastomosis, an unusual contact between bile and vessel ends is observed. In this study, the effects of this nonphysiological contact in a rabbit model were evaluated.

Methods: The study was designed in 2 steps-in vitro and in vivo.

Mortality predictors of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a prospective multicenter study.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the causes of both community and healthcare-associated bacteremia. The attributable mortality of S. aureus bacteremia (SAB) is still higher and predictors for mortality and clinical outcomes of this condition are need to be clarified.

Relationship between smoking and otorhinolaryngological symptoms.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the possible relationship between smoking and otorhinolaryngological symptoms in smokers, non-smokers and ex-smokers.

Patients And Methods: Between March 01st, 2014 and March 31st, 2014, a total of 1,840 patients (823 males, 1,017 females) over 25 years of age who were admitted to the ear nose, and throat (ENT) outpatient clinic were included in the study. The patients who were smoking at least 10 cigarettes daily for at least five years were included in the smokers group (n=514).

Can a Computer-Based Prescription of Free Medication Increase Smoking Cessation Rates Efficiently?

Objectives: In 2011, in the context of a research project, bupropion and varenicline were distributed to smoking cessation clinics by the Ministry of Health of Turkey to be prescribed free of charge by a computer-based system. In the present study, we compared smoking cessation rates between patients who were prescribed free medications during the period of the project and those who had to pay for their medication.

Material And Methods: Six hundred four patients who applied during the project period were given either bupropion or varenicline, which were prescribed using an algorithm-based computer system.

Effects of Different Concentrations of Injectable Collagenase Enzyme on Capsular Tissue Around Silicone Implants: A Preliminary Experimental Study for the Development of a New Treatment Strategy.

Objectives: In recent studies, collagen organization was blamed for the formation of capsular contracture which is still a challenging problem after silicone implant-based breast operations. In this study, effects of different concentrations of collagenase enzyme derived from Clostridium histolyticum on the capsular tissue formation around the silicone implants were investigated. The injectable form of collagenase has a routine clinical use in the treatment of both Dupuytren's and Peyronie's diseases.

Complications of Convex-Probe Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study.

Background: Infrequent serious complications of convex-probe endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) have been reported. The aim of this study was to assess serious complications related to convex-probe EBUS-TBNA and to determine the complication rate in a large group of subjects.

Methods: In this retrospective study, a 15-item questionnaire on features of cases with EBUS-TBNA complications was sent to experienced bronchoscopists performing convex-probe EBUS-TBNA at 3 pulmonary centers.

Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor.

Objective: To describe a case of epithelioid trophoblastic tumor (ETT) in a postmenopausal woman, which had several peculiar features that differentiate it from previously reported ETTs.

Case Report: ETT of the uterus is a rare form of trophoblastic tumor with only 100 cases distinguished until now. Our case differs from the previously reported ones due to its several exceptional features.

Efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure on middle ear atelectasis: A double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Objectives/hypothesis: To investigate the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on patients with middle ear atelectasis.

Study Design: Prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Methods: Fifty-four patients with middle ear atelectasis were randomized to receive CPAP treatment with a pressure level of either 14 cm H2 O (CPAP group) or 0 cm H2 O (placebo group) once per week for a period of 3 hours for 4 sessions.

The effect of amputation level and age on outcome: an analysis of 135 amputees.

Introduction: In this retrospective study, the impact of age, amputation level and the cause of amputation were examined using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Medicare K scores of amputees with unilateral lower-limb amputation.

Materials And Methods: In total, 135 patients with unilateral transfemoral (TF) or (TT) transtibial amputations were examined. All data were collected using questionnaires that were either self-administered or administered during an interview.

Shock Wave Lithotripsy in Ureteral Stones: Evaluation of Patient and Stone Related Predictive Factors.

Purpose: To evaluate the patient and stone related factors which may influence the final outcome of SWL in the management of ureteral stones.

Materials And Methods: Between October 2011 and October 2013, a total of 204 adult patients undergoing SWL for single ureteral stone sizing 5 to 15 mm were included into the study program. The impact of both patient (age, sex, BMI,) and stone related factors (laterality, location, longest diameter and density as CT HU) along with BUN and lastly SSD (skin to stone distance) on fragmentation were analysed by univariate and multivariate analyses.

Continuous Suction Drainage of Postoperative Hematoma and Seroma Using Cystofix Device.

Unlabelled: In this study, an easy and useful method used for the drainage of seroma and hematoma formations occurring after operations requiring extensive tissue undermining is presented. The method utilizes the trocar of the conventional suprapubic urinary catheterization system in combination with the catheter of the negative pressure vacuum drainage system. It provides quick, safe, and painless seroma and hematoma evacuation and can easily be performed in office setting.

The Knowledge of the Physicians about Sepsis Bundles is Suboptimal: A Multicenter Survey.

Objectives: Sepsis is a severe condition with possible high mortality outcomes. A multicentre-survey to detect the knowledge of the physicians who are involved in sepsis management in daily work was conducted.

Materials And Methods: The study was held in October 2013.

A prospective study: Is handheld micropower impulse radar technology (Pneumoscan) a promising method to detect pneumothorax?

Background: This study aimed to discuss the effectiveness of Pneumoscan working with micropower impulse radar (MIR) technology in diagnosing pneumothorax (PTX) in the emergency department.

Methods: Patients with suspicion of PTX and indication for thorax tomography (CT) were included into the study. Findings of the Thorax CT were compared with the results of Pneumoscan.

Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in diagnosing intrathoracic tuberculous lymphadenitis.

Aims: Patients with suspected tuberculosis without pulmonary lesions and with intrathoracic lymphadenopathy often pose a diagnostic challenge. The aim of this study was to describe the diagnostic utility of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in patients with isoleted intrathoracic lymphadenopathy due to tuberculosis (TB).

Materials And Methods: Cases with tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBLA) as the final diagnosis were analysed among patients in whom EBUS-TBNA had been performed.

Similar effectiveness of the open versus endoscopic technique for carpal tunnel syndrome: a prospective randomized trial.

This prospective randomized study aims at evaluating the electrophysiological results of endoscopic and open carpal ligament release in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Included in the study were 41 patients diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome (21 hands in the endoscopic group and 20 hands in the open group). The Boston questionnaire was administered preoperatively and postoperatively to the patients, and their functional capacities and symptom severities were recorded.

Comparison of the effects of chronic intra-articular administration of tenoxicam, diclofenac, and methylprednisolone in healthy rats.

Objective: Lyophilized drug manufacturing and intra-articular (IA) applications have increased to address gastrointestinal side effects resulting from chronic treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for degenerative joint disease. Accordingly, we histologically examined joint and stomach tissues from rats to determine and compare the effects of long-term treatment with an IA corticosteroid (methylprednisolone acetate), lyophilized NSAID (tenoxicam), and non-lyophilized NSAID (diclofenac) following application to the knee joint.

Methods: One hundred Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups of 25 rats: control, methylprednisolone, tenoxicam, and diclofenac.

Evaluation of the Effect of Betahistine on Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Using Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission and Scanning Electron Microscopy.

Objective: To evaluate the protective effect of betahistine on noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE).

Materials And Methods: A total of 8 adult albino guinea pigs were used in this study (study group: n=4 and control group: n=4). DPOAE measurements of both groups were performed before the procedure.

Facial Artery Perforator and Depressor Anguli Oris Muscle Chimeric Flap: A New Design of an Old Flap.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability and outcomes of the facial artery perforator and separately elevated depressor anguli oris (DAO) muscle chimeric flap for the reconstruction of partial or total lower lip defects.

Methods: Eleven patients with malignant skin tumors located at the lower lip were operated between 2013 and 2015. After the excision of the tumor with adequate clear margins using margin controlled excision technique, an appropriate flap fitting to the resultant defect based on the perforators of the facial artery and DAO muscle was prepared and placed into the defect.

Radiation in the orthopedic operating theatre.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the amount of radiation exposure in the orthopedic operating theater, to show that the radiation dose was decreased with distance from the tube, and to inform personnel about protective measures.

Methods: Ionised radiation was measured in the orthopedic operating theater where fluoroscopy was used between 18 February 2014 and 02 June 2014. Four dosimeters were placed at the head and foot of the operating table and at 200 cm from those areas at a height of 60 cm vertical to the floor.

Reconstruction of Acquired Breast Hypoplasia by Subcutaneous Scar Releasing and Repeated Fat Grafting Combination.

Breast hypoplasia may have a congenital or acquired etiology. One of the acquired reasons is postinfectious scars, which results in skin restriction and breast hypoplasia in the long term. Reconstruction of breast hypoplasia is performed by autologous tissues, implants, or both.