Neuroprotective Effects of Hesperidin on Cerebral Vasospasm After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats: Biochemical, Pathologic, and Histomorphometric Analysis.

Objective: We examined the protective effects of hesperidin on cerebral vasospasm by establishing an experimental rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage and performing biochemical, pathologic, and histomorphometric analysis on these data.

Methods: Forty albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of n = 8 in each: group (G)1, no experimental interventions; G2, subjected to subarachnoid hemorrhage; G3, subjected to subarachnoid hemorrhage and administered saline (100 mg/kg); G4, subjected to subarachnoid hemorrhage and treated with low-dose hesperidin (50 mg/kg); and G5, subjected to subarachnoid hemorrhage and treated with high-dose hesperidin (100 mg/kg). Subarachnoid hemorrhage was created by injecting 0.

Femur neck fracture in young adults, is it really an urgent surgery indication: retrospective clinical study.

Introduction: Femur neck fracture comprises a significant part of intracapsular femur fracture in the intracapsular area of proximal femur and it is mostly seen in elder people. However, these kinds of fractures may be seen in young adults. The present study aims to search factors that affect femoral neck fractures in young adults after surgery carried out by internal determination method.

Greater occipital and supraorbital nerve blockade for the preventive treatment of migraine: a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Objective: Nerve injections have been used for the acute and preventive treatment of migraine in recent decades. Most of these injections focused on greater occipital nerve (GON) blockade. However, few studies were placebo controlled, and only a few of them investigated GON and supraorbital nerve (SON) blockade together.

Stroke prevalence among the Turkish population in a rural area of Istanbul: A community-based study.

Background: The population-based information on the prevalence of stroke from rural areas of Middle East countries including Turkey is unknown. Our aim is to evaluate the prevalence of stroke in those ⩾18 years in the Turkish population in a rural area of Istanbul.

Methods: A cross-sectional door-to-door study was conducted in a rural area of Istanbul between 1 March and 30 March 2013.

Can positron emission tomography/computed tomography be predictive of diagnostic success in endobronchial biopsies performed through a fiber-optic bronchoscopy in lung cancer?

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of homogeneous/heterogeneous (necrotic) involvement and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) value of the lesion on positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) of patients who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) for prediagnosis of lung cancer and biopsy for endobronchial lesion on the diagnostic success of biopsy procedure.

Methods: Between January 2014 and December 2016, patients with final diagnosis of pulmonary malignancy as determined by FOB biopsy and patients who failed to be diagnosed by FOB biopsy and diagnosed with pulmonary malignancy by a different diagnostic method were examined. These patients were divided into two groups as those with diagnosis by FOB biopsy (Group 1) and those who failed to be diagnosed by this method and diagnosed with pulmonary malignancy by a different diagnostic method (Group 2).

Bilateral Talus and Navicular Fractures accompanied with Unilateral Calcaneal Fracture: A Case Report.

An 18-year old male patient, with a history of paragliding accident, sustaining a coronal shear fracture of the body of the talus, an anterior process fracture of the calcaneus extending to the calcaneocuboid joint and a nondisplaced navicular body fracture at the right foot and a displaced fracture of the navicular body accompanied with posteromedial process fracture of the talus at the left side was referred to our emergency clinic. For the right foot, the coronal plane fracture of the talar body was anatomically reduced and fixed with screws. For the left foot, screw fixation was performed through the lateral aspect to fix the large posteromedial fragment.

Stroke Prevalence in a Coastal Town on the Black Sea Coast in Turkey: Community Based Study.

Background: This study aims to determine the stroke prevalence in Akçakoca which is a rural area in Turkey.

Methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional, door-to-door survey. The stroke questionnaire was completed by a trained team in the presence of the participants according to their answers.

A New Modality for the Diagnosis of Bleomycin-induced Toxicity: Ultrasonography.

Objective: To evaluate the role of ultrasonography (USG) in the diagnosis of bleomycin-induced pulmonary toxicity (BT).

Material And Methods: The study included patients with suspected BT during treatment with bleomycin due to various oncologic diseases between June 2015 and May 2017. The patients initially underwent clinical and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) examinations and pulmonary function tests (PFT)-diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO), followed by registration of USG findings-number of comet tail artifact (CTA) images by a different pulmonologist.

Mid-term and Long-term Functional and Radiographic Results of 13 Surgically Treated Adolescent Capitellum Fractures.

Background: Capitellum fractures are rare in adolescents, and information in literature is still limited. The purpose of this study was to report the mid-term and long-term functional and radiographic results of 13 surgically treated adolescent capitellum fractures in a level I trauma center.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients aged 10 to 16 years, who underwent surgery for a capitellum fracture and were followed up for at least 12 months.

Arteriography and Histopathology of Vascular Beds in Traumatically Amputated Fingers.

Background: The success of replantation following traumatic amputation is determined by the quality of the vascular anastomoses. The purpose of this study was to assess the vascularity of injured arteries from traumatically amputated digits using arteriographic and histopathological analysis.

Methods: 25 amputated digits were included in the study.

Comparison of Nerve Fiber Density between Patients with Uterine Leiomyoma with and without Pain: a Prospective Clinical Study.

Introduction: We aimed to compare the presence and the amount of nerve fibers in endometrial, myometrial and leiomyoma tissues using protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) and neurofilament (NF) immunohistochemical staining in uterine leiomyoma patients with and without pain complaint.

Pericardial hydatid cyst and tuberculosis co-existence.

Tuberculosis and hydatid cyst are still major health problems in developing countries. Co-existence of these two infections is also seen commonly. In this article, we present a 15-year-old-girl patient who applied with cardiac tamponade accompanied by pleural and pericardial effusion and was diagnosed as pericardial hydatid cyst and pericardial tuberculosis.

The impact of different 75 g oral glucose tolerance test target ranges within normal limits on neonatal outcomes: A validation study.

Objective: To investigate the impact of different 75 g glucose tolerance test (OGTT) target ranges within normal limits on neonatal outcomes, thus to investigate the validity of 75 g OGTT thresholds.

Materials And Methods: The normal 1-hour and 2-hour ranges of 75 g OGTT levels of 110 pregnant women with no gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were further divided into three different sub-groups; for the 1 hour as group 1 (<120 mg/dL), group 2 (120-140 mg/dL), group 3 (>140 mg/dL) and for the 2 hour as group 1 (<120 mg/dL), group 2 (120-135 mg/dL), and group 3 (>135 mg/dL).

Results: For the 1-hour results, there was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of age, body mass index, multiparity, neonatal hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, neonatal intensive care unit admission, birth weight, and LGT rates; however, the rate of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants was significantly higher in group 2 compared with those in group 3.

Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in a Turkish City Bordering an Iron and Steel Factory.

Background And Purpose: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory demyelination. Recent studies have shown that long-term exposure to air pollutants (including PM10 particulates) is potentially an environmental risk factor for MS. We aimed to determine the prevalence rates of MS in two cities with different levels of air pollution.

Apoptosis and Disease Severity is Associated with Insulin Resistance in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Backgrounds And Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with insulin resistance (IR). We evaluated whether IR contributes to hepatocyte apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in NAFLD.

Methods: Forty-four teetotaller patients with biopsy-proven diagnosis of NAFLD were enrolled.

Spinal Tuberculosis Mimicking Failed Back Surgery.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to draw attention to rare spinal infections in recurrent failed spinal surgeries. CASE REPORT A 59-year-old female was admitted to the hospital for back pain, which was assessed as a 9 on the visual analogue scale (VAS); the patient reported tiredness and night sweats. She had an operation for L3-4 far lateral disc herniation four years ago.

Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (-308 G>A) Polymorphism in High-grade Gliomas.

Background/aim: High-grade gliomas (HGG) consist of anaplastic oligoastrocytomas, anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastoma multiforme. The present study aimed to evaluate TNF-α -308 G>A polymorphism in a Turkish population.

Patients And Methods: This was a prospective case-control study that included 45 patients with HGG and 49 healthy individuals.

Effects of multiple sclerosis and medications on menopausal age.

Objectives We aimed to determine whether multiple sclerosis (MS) and methylprednisolone and disease-modifying drugs have an effect on menopausal age. Methods A total of 86 patients and 98 healthy subjects were included in this study. The natural menopausal age of the patients and healthy subjects were compared.

Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine needle aspiration: Determinants of adequacy.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the factors influencing the adequacy of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine needle aspiration specimens.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1,700 endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine needle aspiration samples obtained from 822 patients (500 males, 322 females; mean age 56±13 years; range 16 to 83 years) was performed between March 2011 and March 2014 at our center. Variables potentially associated with sampling adequacy, such as all cytological materials and procedure notes (lymph node and/or lesion size, localization, needle pass number, and slide number) were examined.

Surgical treatment of type III acromioclavicular dislocation: Bosworth technique versus hook plating.

Objective: In this study, it was compared the clinical results of the Bosworth technique and hook plating in acromioclavicular (AC) dislocations.

Methods: 44 patients are retrospectively evaluated in this study whom diagnosed as type III AC dislocations and treated by two different surgical methods in two different clinics. The patients were 30 males and 14 females with a mean age of 44 years (range, 18-80 years).

gene related hypotrichosis and juvenile macular dystrophy - A case with a novel mutation.

Purpose: -related hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy (HJMD) is an autosomal-recessive entity characterized by congenital sparse scalp hair and macular dystrophy, leading to severe central visual loss. We report a family with HJMD caused by a novel gene mutation and review the mutation spectrum in HJMD. A detailed phenotypic assessment for patients whose molecular results were reported previously is also summarized.

Lack of experience is a significant factor in the missed diagnosis of perilunate fracture dislocation or isolated dislocation.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the risk factors contributing to the misdiagnosis of perilunate injuries.

Methods: The study included patients who had perilunate dislocation or fracture dislocation correctly or incorrectly diagnosed on initial examination between 2008 and 2014. Data related to the length of time until correct diagnosis of the perilunate injury; cause of injury; presence of associated fractures, polytrauma or concomitant trauma in the ipsilateral upper extremity; time between injury and first presentation; first treatment applied; presence of ligamentous perilunar injuries only or fracture and dislocation; inadequate radiographic assessment; and experience of the physicians were recorded and analyzed.