Reported Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Incidence in Adolescent Athletes Is Greatest in Female Soccer Players and Athletes Participating in Club Sports: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: To identify the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in adolescent athletes based on sex, sport, and sport affiliation.

Methods: A literature search was performed using 3 online databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE) from database inception to November 2023 per the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Included studies consisted of Level I or II studies reporting on ACL injury exposures in time (hours) or injuries per 1,000 athlete-exposures (AEs) (1 game or practice) in adolescent athletes.

Exploring the Relationship of SARS-CoV-2 and Uric Acid Levels With a Focus on Gout Patients: A Scoping Review.

Rheumatic diseases are a group of conditions including arthritis and various other conditions that can lead to chronic inflammation within the musculoskeletal system, which can have negative effects on soft tissues, bones, muscles, joints, and connective tissue. One form of arthritis is gout, which is an inflammatory condition in which urate acid crystals build up in joints. Gout is associated with joint swelling, pain, redness, and joint mobility issues.

Unveiling the Unlikely: Extraskeletal Ewing Sarcoma Masquerading as Gastrointestinal Bleeding.

While Ewing sarcoma is traditionally a malignant tumor of bone, it may uncommonly present extra-skeletally, leading to an array of puzzling presentations depending on the tissue involved. Here, we describe the case of a 66-year-old man who presented to the primary care office for evaluation of intermittent melena. He ultimately underwent capsule endoscopy and developed a secondary small bowel obstruction, unveiling his neoplasm.

Role Modeling Kindness at the Bedside.

Compassion and kindness are interchangeable attitudes and behaviors in society. As evidence shows the importance of compassion and kindness in healthcare, there has been a push to nurture and teach compassion through experiential learning in medical schools. However, there is not much evidence of educating learners on the importance of kindness as the complement or foundation of compassion and empathy.

Use of Multimodality Imaging in the Evaluation of Patients With Spondyloarthropathies and Sacroiliitis.

Spondyloarthropathy (SpA) is one of the most common causes of low back pain. It is caused by inflammatory arthritis in the spine, manifesting in various forms such as psoriatic arthritis (PsA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and sacroiliitis. A comprehensive systematic literature search was done to evaluate and compare MRI, CT, single-photon emission CT, PET, ultrasound (US) imaging, low-dose CT, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) techniques in assessing SpAs.

An examination of antibiotic administration in septorhinoplasty: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Septoplasty and rhinoplasty are common otolaryngological procedures, often combined as septorhinoplasty (SRP), offering aesthetic and functional benefits. These surgeries are believed to potentially risk postoperative infections due to natural bacterial flora in the nares. This study evaluates the effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in reducing post-surgical infection complications.

Characterizing the Validity of Using VASES to Derive DIGEST-FEES Grades.

Introduction: Visual Analysis of Swallowing Efficiency and Safety (VASES) and Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity for Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (DIGEST-FEES) are two complimentary methods for assessing swallowing during FEES. Whereas VASES is intended to facilitate trial-level ratings of pharyngeal residue, penetration, and aspiration, DIGEST-FEES is intended to facilitate protocol-level impairment grades of swallowing safety and efficiency. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of using VASES to derive DIGEST-FEES impairment grades.

Lorenz Fries on the defense of Avicenna, the prince of physicians: Addressed to the medics of Germany (1530).

During the 14th century CE, a pivotal shift took place in the world of medicine as its epicenter transitioned from the Middle East to Europe. The emergence of the European Renaissance sparked skepticism regarding the significance of Avicenna's contributions to the advancement of medicine. This paper explores how the rise of secularization and the Renaissance in Europe marked significant cultural transformations, fostering the spread of literacy.

Impostor phenomenon: Prevalence among 1st year medical students and strategies for mitigation.

Impostor phenomenon (IP) is described as a pattern typified by doubting one's accomplishments and a persistent fear of being exposed as a fraud. These feelings of self-doubt are pervasive along the medical education continuum, beginning with medical students where IP has been associated with emotional stress, physical exhaustion, depression, and anxiety. We, therefore, conducted an interactive workshop with first-year medical students to educate them about the manifesting patterns and risk factors of IP and strategies to mitigate these feelings.

Comparative analysis of bevacizumab and LITT for treating radiation necrosis in previously radiated CNS neoplasms: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Radiation necrosis (RN) is a local inflammatory reaction that arises in response to radiation injury and may cause significant morbidity. This study aims to evaluate and compare the efficacy of bevacizumab and laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) in treating RN in patients with previously radiated central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms.

Methods: PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and EMBASE databases were screened.

Impact of Race, Socioeconomic Status, and Geography on Healthcare Outcomes for Children With Sickle Cell Disease in the United States: A Scoping Review.

A large proportion of patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) identify as Black or African American (AA). Social bias and stigma in healthcare outcomes for children with SCD are impossible to explore without considering the impact of racial/cultural identity, socioeconomic status (SES), and geography. It is important to understand the current influences of social movements, expanded health insurance coverage, and telehealth on these variables when considering healthcare outcomes for patients with SCD.

The Development of Diabetes and Diabetic Ketoacidosis Following Immunotherapy Treatment: A Systematic Review of Case Reports.

As cancer continues to be the leading cause of death worldwide, additional therapeutic options other than traditional platinum-based chemotherapy have become available that target tumor cells in innovative ways. Immunotherapies (e.g.

Assessment Modalities for Lower Extremity Edema, Lymphedema, and Lipedema: A Scoping Review.

Lower extremity swelling may be broadly characterized as due to edema, lymphedema, or lipedema. Differentiation between these three conditions is important for providing appropriate treatment. This review analyzes and compares different clinical diagnostic modalities for these conditions, with the aim of assisting in the process of choosing the most appropriate diagnostic modality by highlighting the advantages and limitations of each.

Alternative Treatments to Pharmacological Therapy in Pediatric Populations With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Scoping Review.

In recent years, there has been an increase in the prevalence of the diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a cognitive and behavioral disorder in which individuals present with inattention and impulsivity, in the pediatric population. With an increase in diagnoses, there is also increasing concern regarding overdiagnosis and overtreatment with medications for ADHD. The objective of this study was to map out and compile the recent literature pertaining to alternative therapies (e.

Syndesmotic screws, unscrew them, or leave them? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Syndesmotic injuries are frequently stabilized using syndesmotic screws. Traditionally, these screws were routinely removed during the postoperative period, however recent literature has brought into question the necessity of routine removal, citing no change in functional outcomes and the inherent risks of a second surgery. Our study aimed to compare outcomes of patients undergoing routine syndesmotic screw removal versus those undergoing an on-demand approach to removal.

Examining Tear Film Dynamics Using the Novel Tear Film Imager.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine Tear Film Imager (TFI, AdOM, Israel) generated parameters across controls and dry eye (DE) subgroups and examine the changes in TFI parameters with contact lens (CL) placement.

Methods: The retrospective study (n = 48) was conducted at the Miami Veterans Hospital. Symptoms were assessed through validated questionnaires and signs of tear function by tear break-up time and Schirmer scores.

Incidence of Colorectal Cancer After Intestinal Infection Due to .

Background: ( or ) is a toxin-producing bacteria that is notorious for causing life-threatening diarrhea. Recent literature has investigated various effects of infection (CDI) in cancer patients, but research into the impact of CDI on the development of cancer and its effects on the microbiome is limited. CDI predominately affects the colon, which urges consideration into the sequalae of infection.

Recent Research Trends in Neuroinflammatory and Neurodegenerative Disorders.

Neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), traumatic brain injury (TBI) and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are chronic major health disorders. The exact mechanism of the neuroimmune dysfunctions of these disease pathogeneses is currently not clearly understood. These disorders show dysregulated neuroimmune and inflammatory responses, including activation of neurons, glial cells, and neurovascular unit damage associated with excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, neurotoxic mediators, and infiltration of peripheral immune cells into the brain, as well as entry of inflammatory mediators through damaged neurovascular endothelial cells, blood-brain barrier and tight junction proteins.

Assessing the Knowledge and Attitudes of Breastfeeding During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background It is generally accepted that breastfeeding is a practice that provides valuable health benefits to both mother and baby. However, the COVID-19 pandemic unveiled questions regarding the safety of breastfeeding, leading to potential hesitation among the public. Our study seeks to appreciate the public's understanding and attitudes toward breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic.

What Goes In, Must Come Out: Generative Artificial Intelligence Does Not Present Algorithmic Bias Across Race and Gender in Medical Residency Specialties.

Objective Artificial Intelligence (AI) has made significant inroads into various domains, including medicine, raising concerns about algorithmic bias. This study investigates the presence of biases in generative AI programs, with a specific focus on gender and racial representations across 19 medical residency specialties. Methodology This comparative study utilized DALL-E2 to generate faces representing 19 distinct residency training specialties, as identified by the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), which were then compared to the AAMC's residency specialty breakdown with respect to race and gender.

Transitioning to Medical School: An Innovative Pre-matriculation Program.

Medical schools use pre-matriculation programs consisting of knowledge-based curricula to prepare at-risk students. There is limited evidence showing the direct benefit of these programs with long-term success. We propose a pre-matriculation program focused on professional development and wellness to facilitate student acclimation and, in turn, academic success.

Nurturing Empathy through Arts, Literature, and Role Play for Postgraduate Trainees of Ophthalmology.

Background And Purpose: Empathy is essential in patient-centered compassionate health care. Lack of formal training, workload, patient factors, and digitalization have been attributed to its regression. Empathy can be nurtured by educational interventions.

Improved DNA Extraction and Amplification Strategy for 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon-Based Microbiome Studies.

Next-generation sequencing technology has driven the rapid advancement of human microbiome studies by enabling community-level sequence profiling of microbiomes. Although all microbiome sequencing methods depend on recovering the DNA from a sample as a first critical step, lysis methods can be a major determinant of microbiome profile bias. Gentle enzyme-based DNA preparation methods preserve DNA quality but can bias the results by failing to open difficult-to-lyse bacteria.