Available Treatments and Adjunctive Therapies for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Patients of Reproductive Age: A Scoping Review.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) impacts the health of women worldwide. It is a condition consisting of dysfunctional cystic ovaries resulting in hormonal imbalance. Many women have symptoms such as infertility, increased production of androgens, and insulin resistance.

Complications of Long COVID: Unraveling a Case of Very-Late-Onset Myasthenia Gravis.

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is defined as an autoimmune neuromuscular disorder where autoantibodies disrupt synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction by targeting the acetylcholine receptor (AChR), muscle-specific kinase (MuSK), or other proteins related to the AChR complex. This disruption leads to characteristic muscle weakness and rapid fatigability. Clinically, MG is classified based on the age of onset into three distinct categories: early-onset MG (younger than 50 years), late-onset MG (between 50 and 64 years), and very-late-onset MG (65 years and older).

Coronary Artery Calcification in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Systematic Review.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the leading autoimmune causes of inflammatory arthropathy worldwide. The musculoskeletal impacts of RA are well described within the literature. More recently, research efforts have highlighted that inflammation associated with the condition is not solely isolated to the joint synovium.

Going P(u)BLIQ: Successfully Transitioning Undergraduate Medical Students from Problem-Based Learning to Inquiry Case Learning Through a Novel Hybrid Approach.

Purpose: Problem-based learning (PBL) is an established learning method in medical education that uses small groups to address a "problem" in the form of a patient's medical condition. Compared to lectures, there is compelling evidence that PBL performs better in numerous areas including student basic knowledge and satisfaction. Inquiry case (IQ) learning is a modified form of PBL, which can be described as faster-paced and requires more student responsibility.

Perspectives of osteopathic medical students on preclinical urology exposure: a single institution cross-sectional survey.

Context: There is an increasing number of medical school graduates opting for surgical specialties, and the osteopathic applicant match rate for urology is lower than that of allopathic applicants. Factors influencing this may include a lack of interest, perceived challenges in matching into urology, insufficient urology mentorship, limited research opportunities, and inadequate osteopathic representation in urology.

Objectives: The objective of this survey is to assess osteopathic medical students' perspectives on pursuing urology and enhancing preclinical exposure to and knowledge of urology.

Current Patient Management for Bacterial Meningitis Simultaneously Affected by Stroke.

Bacterial meningitis (BM) is a critical central nervous system infection characterized by increased risks of complications and potentially fatal outcomes. The chances of full recovery are significantly reduced in the presence of concomitant neurovascular complications such as ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, intracerebral hemorrhage, and cerebral sinus thrombosis. Effective treatment of BM requires a targeted approach that simultaneously addresses the causative pathogen and manages the neurologically related complications.

Implementing the Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASH) Tool for Training Medical Faculty.

Introduction Despite simulation being widely recognized as an essential component of medical education, there remains a dearth of literature on its implementation and effectiveness in pre-clerkship medical education. In order to effectively encompass healthcare simulations within medical instruction, it is imperative to first address the often neglected gap in faculty development and training. With this in mind, we aim to present our experience in implementing the Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASH) tool in training faculty at Nova Southeastern University Dr.

Exploring the 6-year Trend in Dedicated Research Years among Integrated Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Residents.

Background: The plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS) match has become more competitive with an emphasis on research productivity. With the transition of the US Medical Licensing Examination step 1 examination to pass-fail grading, alternative evaluation metrics for residency applications are needed. Our study provides a landscape of the incidence of research years amongst integrated PRS residents and the potential impacts of gender and race.

Using noninvasive imaging to assess manual lymphatic drainage on lymphatic/venous responses in a spaceflight analog.

This retrospective case series (clinicaltrials.gov NCT06405282) used noninvasive imaging devices (NIID) to assess the effect of manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) on dermal/venous fluid distribution, perfusion, and temperature alterations of the head, neck, upper torso, and legs while in the 6-degree head-down tilt validated spaceflight analog. A lymphatic fluid scanner measured tissue dielectric constant levels.

A variant deep femoral artery passing anterior to femoral vein: an anatomical observation with implication in femoral vein cannulation.

The common femoral artery (CFA) typically gives rise to its superficial and deep branches, with the deep femoral artery (DFA) being the largest and most substantial of these branches. This case study presents a rare variation of the DFA characterized by an unusual branching pattern and its specific relationship with the femoral vein within the subinguinal region. In nutshell, the DFA and the medial femoral circumflex artery shared a common origin from the medial aspect of the CFA.

Human microglia polarization following infection with the Lyme disease spirochete.

Infection with can spread and cause central nervous system involvement, known as neuroborreliosis. Microglia phagocytose bacteria, mediate inflammation, and elicit an immune response toward the spirochete. Like other tissue macrophages, microglia can polarize into two different modulatory phenotypes, M1 and M2.

Disney Rash in Las Vegas: Benign Lower Extremity Purpura Following Prolonged Walking.

This case follows an adult middle-aged female patient who developed a purpuric rash, soreness, and swelling on her legs after walking for several days in Las Vegas. With no prior petechial rash history or presence of systemic symptoms, exercise-induced purpura (EIP) was suspected due to her protracted walking in warm weather. She recovered fully with supportive treatment.

Intraday Variations in Skin Water Parameters.

Introduction: Three interrelated skin water assessments include stratum corneum hydration (SCH) via electrical measurements, skin water using tissue dielectric constant (TDC) measurements, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL). These are differentially used for skin physiology research, clinical assessments of dermatological conditions and to assess skin water in diabetes and lymphedema. Often volar forearm skin is used for assessments done at various times of day (TOD).

Superiority of Avacopan and Mepolizumab to Glucocorticoid Tapering in the Treatment of Anti-neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)-Associated Vasculitis: A Systematic Review.

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) comprises a spectrum of autoimmune diseases, including granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). Studies have shown that avacopan and mepolizumab are promising therapeutics for partial or complete replacement of glucocorticoids (GC), with sustained remission while completely weaning off GC. Avacopan inhibits C5aR in the complement pathway, preventing neutrophil migration, while mepolizumab targets IL-5R, reducing eosinophil activity.

Spectral Power Distribution of Heart Rate Variability in Contiguous Short-Term Intervals.

Introduction: Heart rate variability (HRV) is determined by the variation of consecutive cardiac electrical excitations, usually from RR intervals of an EKG. The sequence of intervals is a time series that yields three HRV parameter categories: time domain, frequency domain, and nonlinear. Parameter estimates are based on widely different EKG sample times: short-term (~5-10 minutes), longer (24 hours), and ultra-short (<5 minutes).

Progressive Ulnar Neuropathy Following a Presumed Catfish Sting.

Catfish are a highly diverse group of fish comprising more than 3500 species found in both freshwater and marine ecosystems. Upon handling, they can inflict a sting, with certain species capable of inducing significant pain and injury to the affected extremity. The prevalence of aquatic activities, such as fishing by line or manual capture ("noodling"), increases the likelihood of catfish stings, making prompt identification and treatment an important aspect of managing such encounters.

Comparing and Contrasting Professional Identity Formation Among Health Professional Students.

This project aims to review and compare the professional identity formation (PIF) of medical, dental, nursing, and pharmacy students while analyzing the role of interprofessional education (IPE) in this journey. Our medical research librarian conducted a literature review. Papers were selected based on the inclusion criteria developed by authors for PIF and IPE topics, which were then stratified for each health program of interest: medicine, dentistry, nursing, and pharmacy.

The role of in the pathogenesis of colon cancer.

Previously, many studies have reported changes in the gut microbiota of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). While CRC is a well-described disease, the relationship between its development and features of the intestinal microbiome is still being understood. Evidence linking enrichment in colorectal tumor tissue has prompted the elucidation of various molecular mechanisms and tumor-promoting attributes.

Epidermal and dermal hydration in relation to skin color parameters.

Background: Our goal was to investigate linkages between skin color parameters and skin hydration. Since most prior studies focused on stratum corneum hydration, we focused on epidermal and dermal hydration in relation to skin color parameters in both sexes.

Materials And Methods: Thirty adults (16 female) with an age ± SD of 24.