AI-driven drug discovery: Exploring Abaucin as a promising treatment against multidrug-resistant .

Background And Aims: This study presents a comprehensive overview of a well-recognized critical pathogen and demonstrates the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in discovering new antibiotics. It is well-known for causing serious infections, especially in patients admitted to intensive care units, which is further compromised by bacterium's resistance to even last-resort antibiotics like carbapenems, posing critical challenges in its treatment and eradication. This article discusses Abaucin, a revolutionary antibiotic created from artificial intelligence, as a creative and potential treatment for .

Co-occurrence of rhino-orbital mucormycosis and acute lymphoblastic leukemia post-COVID-19 infection in a young adolescent male: A case report from a low middle-income country.

Key Clinical Message: Immunosuppression from B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) chemotherapy and a preceding COVID-19 infection may predispose patients to rare complications such as rhino-orbital mucormycosis. Hence, a high index of suspicion should be maintained by physicians (and oncologists) if patients undergoing B-ALL treatment present with orofacial symptoms and ophthalmological manifestations such as peri-orbital swelling, ophthalmoplegia, and loss of vision, suggestive of infection.

Abstract: Mucormycosis is a severe fungal infection that poses significant mortality and morbidity risks, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.

Gastrointestinal amyloidosis in a 50-year-old patient with miliary tuberculosis: A case report.

Unlabelled: This case highlights the importance of considering tuberculosis as an underlying cause of gastrointestinal amyloidosis, even in patients previously treated for the infection. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for atypical presentations of amyloidosis, especially in individuals with chronic inflammation, enabling early diagnosis and tailored management for improved patient outcomes.

Abstract: Gastrointestinal amyloidosis is a rare condition often associated with chronic inflammation.

Ultrasound features of high-risk basal cell carcinoma: a systematic review.

Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent skin cancer and continues to witness a surge in incidence rates. The categorization of BCC subtypes into low or high risk, guided by recurrence and invasiveness metrics, underscores the need for precise differentiation. While the punch biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosis, its invasiveness prompts a need for non-invasive alternatives.

Cardiovascular outcomes of emergent vs elective transcatheter aortic valve replacement in severe aortic stenosis: regression matched meta-analysis.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been highly increased as the recommended option for patients with a high surgical risk. This study aims to commit a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the outcomes in severe aortic stenosis patients following emergency transcatheter aortic valve replacement (emergent TAVR) compared to elective TAVR or eBAV followed by elective TAVR.

Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL, Science Direct, and Google Scholar.

Advancements in oligometastatic breast cancer: a comprehensive review of current strategies and the role of artificial intelligence.

In the dynamic landscape of Breast Cancer (BC), Oligo- Metastatic Breast Cancer (OMBC) presents unique challenges and opportunities. This comprehensive review delves into current strategies for addressing OMBC, covering locoregional and site-specific metastasis management, and addressing both surgical and minimally invasive therapies as essential components. Moreover, the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is spotlighted.

Artificial intelligence-powered optimization of KI-67 assessment in breast cancer: enhancing precision and workflow efficiency. a literature review.

Breast Cancer (BC) has evolved from traditional morphological analysis to molecular profiling, identifying new subtypes. Ki-67, a prognostic biomarker, helps classify subtypes and guide chemotherapy decisions. This review explores how artificial intelligence (AI) can optimize Ki-67 assessment, improving precision and workflow efficiency in BC management.

The impact of antibiotic resistance on the rampant spread of infectious diseases in Pakistan: Insights from a narrative review.

Background And Aims: Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is a global public health emergency which has seen an uptick in low- to middle-income countries in recent times due to a plethora of aggravating factors and has led to a whole host of setting-specific pathogens registering high rates of resistance, causing outbreaks with graver mortality and morbidity. This review analyzes available literature to determine the causes and effects of ABR and recommend solutions to the problem in a Pakistani setting.

Methods: Sources for this narrative review were identified via electronic databases using keyword search methods.

Diabetes mellitus: Is Pakistan the epicenter of the next pandemic?

Estimated age-adjusted comparative diabetes prevalence in adults (20-79 years) in Pakistan from the year 2011 to 2021.

Isolated perinephric abscess as the initial manifestation of filariasis-an unusual presentation.

Key Clinical Message: Filariasis may present as an isolated perinephric abscess. Hence, a high index of suspicion should be maintained in endemic settings.

Abstract: In cases with unexplained fever, eosinophilia and perinephric collection, it is necessary to do detailed infectious disease work up.

The relationship of maternal age, BMI, serum Tenascin-C, and HOMA-IR values with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: To explore the relationship, if any, of gestational diabetes mellitus with maternal age, body mass index, serum tenascin-C and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, and to see if these could act as predictive markers for gestational diabetes mellitus.

Methods: The case-control study was conducted from February to August 2022 at the outpatient department of gynaecology and obstetrics at the Civil Hospital, Karachi, and comprised pregnant females aged 18-40 years having gestational age 20-34 weeks. After noting down baseline characteristics and anthropometric measurements, the participants were subjected to oral glucose tolerance test on the basis of which they were divided into three groups; pregnant healthy controls in group 1, those with gestational diabetes mellitus on diet control in group 2, and those with gestational diabetes mellitus taking medicines for the condition in group 3.

Spinal muscular atrophy type 1: A fatal case in a 1-year-old girl with delayed diagnosis.

Key Clinical Message: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a growing clinical concern, necessitating higher awareness and early detection. This case study focuses on the difficulties and advances in detecting and treating SMA. It emphasizes the value of early detection, interdisciplinary care, genetic testing, and novel therapeutics in terms of improving outcomes.

Re-emergence of polio in Pakistan: Can the nation achieve the WPV1 eradication goal?

Background And Aims: Poliomyelitis is an acute neurologic condition that causes muscle weakness, permanent flaccid paralysis, and even death. The world has seen a drastic fall in the number of poliovirus cases owing to effective immunization programs and preventive measures. Pakistan and Afghanistan still remain the two endemic countries for poliovirus, particularly, the WPV1 strain.

Co-occurrence of Guillain-Barre syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis in a young female: A case report from a low middle-income country.

Key Clinical Message: We present the case of an adult female who had rheumatoid arthritis at first but later tested positive for Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). In symptomatic GBS patients (related to large joints), physicians (and therapists) should consider rheumatoid arthritis when risk factors are present.

Abstract: The co-existence of GBS and other autoimmune disorders is uncommon.

Unleashing the power of retatrutide: A possible triumph over obesity and overweight: A correspondence.

Background And Aims: Overweight and obesity have become global health challenges with increasing prevalence. Several drugs have received Food and Drug Administration approval for nonsyndromic obesity treatment, but most have limitations, including gastrointestinal side effects and limited weight loss efficacy.

Body: Retatrutide, a novel incretin mimetic agent, has shown promise in clinical trials for significant weight reduction.

CRP Albumin Ratio: A novel noninvasive and cost-effective method for assessing the severity of acute pancreatitis.

Introduction: Acute pancreatitis is a significant and potentially life-threatening gastrointestinal disorder that requires prompt and accurate diagnosis for effective treatment. Current diagnostic methods often involve expensive and inaccessible imaging studies, such as CT scans, limiting their utility in emergency settings and underserved areas.

Aim: This correspondence discusses an innovative and cost-effective approach to assessing the severity of acute pancreatitis, focusing on the C-Reactive Protein-Albumin Ratio (CAR).

Unlocking the potential of novel RTS, S/AS01, and R21/Matrix-M™ malaria vaccines in African nations.

Introduction: Mass malaria vaccination, rather than vaccinating only children below age 5, has been proven to have the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality among those vaccinated, both young and old. Addressing vaccine scepticism and misinformation is crucial in African nations to build public trust in malaria prevention. Therefore, including a wider range of demographics in vaccine trials is necessary for equitable representation and achieving herd immunity against malaria.

Impacts of the advancement in artificial intelligence on laboratory medicine in low- and middle-income countries: Challenges and recommendations-A literature review.

Background And Aims: Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in laboratory medicine, promising significant advancements in healthcare delivery. This study explores the potential impact of AI on diagnostics and patient management within the context of laboratory medicine, with a particular focus on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods: In writing this article, we conducted a thorough search of databases such as PubMed, ResearchGate, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar within 20 years.

Brain herniation and subsequent complications following partial resection of high-grade glioma: A case report.

Key Clinical Message: This case highlights the need for tailored strategies to address issues like brain herniation, subdural hygroma, and cerebrospinal fluid leak, which, if not managed promptly, can lead to long-term neurological deficits. Additionally, the role of specialized facilities in delivering highly specialized care for managing such intricate cases cannot be understated.

Abstract: Decompressive craniectomy-induced subdural hygroma (SDH) frequently coexists with external cerebral herniation, resulting in neurological impairments.

Intracranial intricacies: Comprehensive analysis of rare skull base meningiomas-A single-center case series.

Unlabelled: This study paper's main goal is to report rare cases of skull base meningiomas that exemplify the complexities of diagnosis, therapy, and postoperative care. By describing these rare cases, we hope to advance knowledge of the clinical signs, difficulties, and prognoses of skull base meningiomas in a challenging anatomical setting. In the posterior cranial fossa, our investigation reveals a unique example of skull base meningioma that involved numerous cranial nerves and complex vasculature.

Dementia and epilepsy following COVID-19 infection in a 25-year-old female: A case report.

Significant atypical neurologic signs have also been recorded in COVID-19 individuals, along with a variety of other extra-pulmonary indications. The COVID-19 virus is neuro-invasive and holds significant potential to produce some unconventional neurologic manifestations.