Anatomical variations in pneumatization types and volume of sphenoid sinus in a subset of Pakistani people.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between volume and pneumatization pattern of sphenoid sinus using computed tomography images.

Methods: The prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Radiology Department of Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, from October 2020 to February 2021, and comprised patients of either gender aged 20-70 years who were subjected to computed tomography of paranasal sinuses. The scans were analysed for sphenoid volume and four pneumatization types of sphenoid sinus, including Type-I conchal, Type-II presellar, Type-III sellar and Type-IV postsellar.

Sarcoidosis after Alemtuzumab therapy: Is Alemtuzumab posing a threat to its patients?

Sarcoidosis is a multi-system disorder characterized by the formation of non-caseating granulomas. It is a disorder of unknown etiology. Interferon-induced sarcoidosis is a well-known phenomenon.

Emerging paradigm: Molecularly targeted therapy with Dabrafenib and Trametinib in recurring pediatric gliomas with BRAF mutations: A narrative review.

Gliomas are tumors arising in the central nervous system, frequently associated with Class I mutations and BRAF fusions. These mutations are adverse prognostic factors in juvenile gliomas, leading to high rates of recurrence and poor response to current treatments. The blood-brain barrier and the heterogeneity of gliomas complicate the development of a single treatment strategy for all cases.

A Discount on the Cost of Cancer: India's Homegrown CAR-T Cell Therapy.

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of blood cancer. By improving survival outcomes for patients with B-cell malignancies, which hitherto have been unparalleled by conventional chemotherapy, CAR-T therapy is a beacon of hope for many patients with cancer. However, harvesting, modifying, and reintroducing T cells is costly, which means that not every patient with cancer who needs CAR-T therapy has the financial capacity to receive it.

Role of Supplementation with Selenium and Myo-Inositol Versus Selenium Alone in Patients of Autoimmune Thyroiditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: The main objective was to assess the therapeutic efficacy of selenium alone versus a combination of myo-inositol and selenium (MI + Se) in treating patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). The study aims to determine which treatment option is more effective in restoring euthyroid state, as indicated by changes in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), T3, T4, thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), and thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb).

Methods: Google Scholar and PubMed databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that reported outcomes of combined treatment (MI + Se) in restoring a euthyroid state, specifically comparing it with selenium-only (Se-only) treatment.

Unlocking the potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in revolutionizing type 2 diabetes management: a comprehensive review.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a long-term metabolic disorder caused by inadequate production and resistance to insulin. The prevalence of DM is rapidly increasing, with type 2 diabetes (T2D) accounting for more than 90% of cases. Despite new treatments, many patients with T2D do not meet their glycemic targets due to clinical inertia.

Comparison of predictors of survival among fulminant myocarditis patients undergoing veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the adult and pediatric populations.

Background: Fulminant myocarditis (FM) is a potentially life-threatening disease that requires emergency care. The authors' study aims to explore clinical outcomes and predictors of survival when using veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) support for the treatment of FM in adult and pediatric patients to analyze differences between both populations.

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched for studies reporting the effect of VA-ECMO on patients diagnosed with fulminant myocarditis.

The diagnostic challenge of differentiating tumefactive multiple sclerosis (TMS) from other brain lesions: a case report and literature review on a rare subtype of MS.

Introduction And Importance: This case report is a clinical diagnosis walk through of a rare subtype of multiple sclerosis (MS). It gives an overview of how tumefactive multiple sclerosis (TMS) is systematically narrowed down as the definitive diagnosis.

Case Presentation: This 29-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department.

Cognitive clarity in colon surgery: The dexmedetomidine advantage.

Colon cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers globally, especially in the older age group. A large number of older patients undergoing surgery for colon cancer suffer from postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). The trial by Bu demonstrated that dexmedetomidine (Dex) significantly reduced the incidence of POCD compared to placebo in individuals undergoing colon cancer surgery.

Effectiveness of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) for managing post-stroke dysphagia: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Post-Stroke Dysphagia (PSD) is a common complication that significantly affects the quality of life and health outcomes of stroke survivors. Traditional treatments often have limitations, necessitating the exploration of new therapeutic approaches. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation (iTBS) as an innovative treatment for PSD.

Early coronary angiography in patients with myocardial infarction without ST elevation after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Early coronary angiography (CAG) in post-cardiac arrest patients without ST-segment elevation is a topic of debate. This meta-analysis aimed to assess its impact on outcomes.

Methods: A search of Medline and Cochrane up to February 2023 was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials and observational studies comparing patients undergoing early CAG vs.