Pediatric oral extemporaneous preparations and practices: International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) global study.

This publication is the first to report current, global, pediatric oral extemporaneous compounding practices. Complete survey responses were received from 479 participants actively involved in compounding across all the World Health Organization (WHO) regions. The survey addressed oral formulation of extemporaneous liquids, including the use of commercial or in-house vehicles, flavoring excipients, source of formulation recipes, and beyond use dates (BUDs).

Coronary drug-coated balloons: A comprehensive review of clinical applications and controversies.

Drug-coated balloons have emerged as a promising therapeutic option in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. This review article provides an overview of the concept of drug-coated balloons and their clinical applications in both de novo and treated coronary artery disease. A summary of key clinical trials and registry studies evaluating drug-coated balloons is presented for reference.

Synergistic effects of herpes oncolytic virus and cyclophosphamide for recurrent malignant glioma: a narrative review.

Gliomas, comprising nearly 80% of brain malignancies, present a formidable challenge with glioblastomas being the most aggressive subtype. Despite multidisciplinary care, including surgery and chemoradiotherapy, the prognosis remains grim, emphasizing the need for innovative treatment strategies. The blood-brain barrier complicates drug access, and the diverse histopathology hinders targeted therapies.

National trends of malpractice-related cardiovascular mortality within the United States, 1999-2020.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) stands as the leading cause of mortality in the USA, claiming a life every 33 seconds, while cardiology ranks among the top three specialties with malpractice-related claims. The authors' study aims to scrutinize sex disparities in CVD-related mortality linked with malpractice among the elderly population (≥65 years) in the USA. Data pertaining to malpractice incidents in CVD treatment spanning from 1999 to 2020 were sourced from the CDC Wonder database.

Bile acid modulation by gut microbiota: a bridge to understanding cognitive health.

The gut microbiota plays an important role in regulating the body's physiological system, and more recently its impact on bile acid metabolism and cognitive function has been investigated by many studies. In addition to their conventional function in fat digestion and absorption, bile acids are now considered crucial signaling molecules that control several metabolic processes and immunological responses. For this purpose, the authors conducted comprehensive research using relevant terms in an attempt to understand more about the gut microbiota and its impact on bile acid metabolism and cognitive health.

Electrocardiogram (EKG) knowledge and interpretation proficiency among healthcare professionals in Pakistan: a prospective cross-sectional study.

Background: Electrocardiogram (EKG) is a commonly used diagnostic tool for the evaluation of the electrical activity of the heart. The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge and interpretation proficiency of EKG among healthcare professionals (HCPs) in Pakistan.

Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among HCPs working in different healthcare settings.

Investigating sex, race, and geographic disparities in bronchus and lung cancer mortality in the United States: a comprehensive longitudinal study (1999-2020) utilizing CDC WONDER data.

Background: Lung and bronchus cancer has become the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. Understanding the patterns of mortality is an absolute requirement.

Methods: This study analyzed Lung and Bronchus cancer-associated mortality rates from 1999 to 2020 using death certificate data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging OnLine Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER).

Promoting Independence Through Quality Dementia Care at Home (PITCH): An Australian Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial Evaluating a Dementia Training Program for Home Care Workers.

Objectives: The primary aim of this pragmatic stepped-wedge cluster RCT was to determine the efficacy of a co-designed dementia specialist training program (the PITCH program) for home care workers (HCWs) to improve their confidence and knowledge when providing care for clients living with dementia.

Methods: HCWs who provided care to clients with dementia were recruited from seven home care service provider organisations in Australia between July 2019 and May 2022, and randomised into one of 18 clusters. The primary outcome was HCW's sense of self-competence in providing care services to people living with dementia at 6 months post PITCH training measured by the Sense of Competence in Dementia Care Staff (SCIDS) Scale.

Temporal trends and regional variations in mortality related to Guillain-Barré syndrome in the United States: a retrospective study from 1999 to 2020.

Aim: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune neurological disorder, with an estimated 6.4% increase in cases worldwide from 1990 to 2019. We aim to identify the GBS-related mortality trends in the US stratified by age, sex, race, and region.

A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the association of high sensitivity troponin levels with outcomes in patients with stable coronary artery disease.

Background: High-sensitivity cardiac troponins (Hs-cTns) are reliable indicators of myocardial injury, but their relationship with cardiovascular outcomes remains less understood. This study explores the association between adverse cardiac events and Hs-cTnT levels exceeding 14 ng/L in patients with stable CAD.

Methods: Thirteen pertinent studies were identified using specific keywords from a pool of 208 articles retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, spanning 2013 to 2023.

Comment on "Route patterns of the collateral venous pathway in patients with tumors invading the superior sagittal sinus: an angiographic study and clinical applications".

This commentary critiques the study "Route patterns of the collateral venous pathway in patients with tumors invading the superior sagittal sinus" by Pawit Jirawisan et al., highlighting its limitations in discussing parafalcine venous collaterals, reliance on invasive imaging modalities, and lack of structured assessments. It suggests improvements by incorporating alternative imaging techniques, acknowledging crucial venous structures, and providing grading systems for surgical decision-making.

Dexibuprofen enteric film-coated tablets: design, characterization and pharmacokinetic analysis in human volunteers.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a stable and scalable enteric film-coated tablet for the gastric irritant dexibuprofen.

Methods: Utilizing direct compression with super-disintegration (crospovidone), the optimal core batches were coated with Opadry white seal coat and enterically coated with EudragitL100 with pigment (Talc), demonstrating a 12% weight increase; release and integrity were assessed using specific pH buffers and SEM, with stability testing confirming a six-month shelf life at 40 °C and 75% RH.

Results: The optimized formulation achieved 99.

Impact of complete versus culprit-only revascularization on major adverse cardiovascular event in diverse subpopulations.

Myocardial infarction management relies on pharmaceuticals and interventions like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). While complete PCI has shown noninferiority to culprit-only PCI, its impact on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) outcomes in multiple subpopulations has been unknown. A systematic literature search (from January 2000 to May 2024) identified four relevant randomized controlled trials involving ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients.

Microenvironment T-Type calcium channels regulate neuronal and glial processes to promote glioblastoma growth.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of microenvironment and intrinsic T-type calcium channels (Cav3) in regulating tumor growth and progression.

Methods: We grafted syngeneic GBM cells into Cav3.