5,163 results match your criteria: "Douglas Hospital Research Centre; 6875 Boulevard LaSalle[Affiliation]"
Prenatal maternal subjective distress predicts higher autistic-like traits in offspring: The Iowa Flood Study.
Dev Psychopathol
October 2024
Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- Autism prevalence in the U.S. more than increased fourfold from 2000 to 2020, prompting research into factors that contribute to autistic traits in children.
- A study focused on children exposed to prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) during a natural disaster (2008 Iowa floods) found that a mother's subjective distress significantly predicted the severity of autistic-like traits in her children.
- The study revealed that maternal distress during pregnancy had a lasting impact on these traits from ages 4 to 7, while other factors like objective hardship or timing didn't show significant effects.
Acceptability, engagement, and efficacy of cognitive remediation for cognitive outcomes in young adults with first-episode psychosis and social anxiety: A randomized-controlled trial.
Psychiatry Res
December 2024
Prevention and Early Intervention Program for Psychoses, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, 6875 Bd LaSalle, Verdun, Quebec, H4H 1R3, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Ludmer Research & Training Building, 1033 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A1, Canada. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Social anxiety disorder (SAD) often occurs alongside first-episode psychosis (FEP), which can worsen cognitive issues; this study investigates whether group cognitive remediation (CR) is more effective than group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for improving cognition in FEP+SAD patients.
- Participants with FEP+SAD were divided into two groups, receiving either CR or CBT, and their cognitive performance was measured at various points, showing significant improvement in executive functions and visual memory for those in the CR group.
- While 44% of participants completed the CR sessions, the study found challenges in engagement and acceptability, suggesting the need for future research to enhance participation in CR programs.
Clinical risk prediction, coronary computed tomography angiography, and cardiovascular events in new-onset chest pain: the PROMISE and SCOT-HEART trials.
Eur Heart J
October 2024
Department of Cardiology, Gødstrup Hospital, Herning, Denmark.
Article Synopsis
- This study examines whether using coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) improves outcomes for patients with stable chest pain compared to usual care based on risk factor weighted clinical likelihood (RF-CL) estimates.
- In a large study of nearly 13,748 patients, the primary focus was on rates of heart attack or death after three years, comparing those who received coronary CTA with those who followed usual care pathways.
- Results showed that while overall rates were similar between the two groups, patients with low RF-CL had lower event rates when assigned to coronary CTA, suggesting that this imaging technique may be particularly beneficial for this group.
Convergent inducers and effectors of T cell paralysis in the tumour microenvironment.
Nat Rev Cancer
January 2025
Agora Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Tumorigenesis embodies the formation of a heterotypic tumour microenvironment (TME) that, among its many functions, enables the evasion of T cell-mediated immune responses. Remarkably, most TME cell types, including cancer cells, fibroblasts, myeloid cells, vascular endothelial cells and pericytes, can be stimulated to deploy immunoregulatory programmes. These programmes involve regulatory inducers (signals-in) and functional effectors (signals-out) that impair CD8 and CD4 T cell activity through cytokines, growth factors, immune checkpoints and metabolites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA call to action: the SHEA research agenda to combat healthcare-associated infections.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol
October 2024
University of Michigan, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Plasma phosphorylated tau181 outperforms [F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the identification of early Alzheimer disease.
Eur J Neurol
December 2024
Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Douglas Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Background And Purpose: This study was undertaken to compare the performance of plasma p-tau181 with that of [F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in the identification of early biological Alzheimer disease (AD).
Methods: We included 533 cognitively impaired participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Participants underwent PET scans, biofluid collection, and cognitive tests.
Comparative effectiveness of different corticosteroid regimens in severe alcohol-associated hepatitis.
Hepatol Commun
November 2024
Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Effects of Pitavastatin on COVID-19 Incidence and Seriousness Among a Global Cohort of People With HIV.
Open Forum Infect Dis
October 2024
Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Article Synopsis
- A study on the effects of statin therapy in people living with HIV (PWH) found that while it did not reduce the overall incidence of COVID-19, it may lower the risk of severe cases of COVID-19 before vaccination.
- The study analyzed data from 6,905 PWH and included variables such as age, gender, and race, showing that a majority had received COVID-19 vaccinations by the end of the study period.
- Statin therapy demonstrated a potential protective effect against serious COVID-19 cases, as evidenced by a hazard ratio of 0.75, but the results were inconclusive due to fewer cases than expected.
Are Opioids Agitating? A Data Analysis of Baseline Data from the STAN Study.
J Alzheimers Dis Rep
September 2024
Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Agitation, a common dementia symptom often arising from untreated pain, lacks comprehensive research on its connection with opioids prescribed for long-term pain. This study investigated the relationship between opioid use and agitation in dementia patients. Participants ( = 188) were categorized into opioid, acetaminophen PRN, or no-pain medication groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenomic analysis of intracranial and subcortical brain volumes yields polygenic scores accounting for variation across ancestries.
Nat Genet
November 2024
Brain and Mental Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Subcortical brain structures play a crucial role in various developmental and psychiatric disorders, and a study analyzed brain volumes in 74,898 individuals, identifying 254 genetic loci linked to these volumes, which accounted for up to 35% of variation.
- The research included exploring gene expression in specific neural cell types, focusing on genes involved in intracellular signaling and processes related to brain aging.
- The findings suggest that certain genetic variants not only influence brain volume but also have potential causal links to conditions like Parkinson’s disease and ADHD, highlighting the genetic basis for risks associated with neuropsychiatric disorders.
Impact of mild hypercapnia in critically ill patients with metabolic acidosis.
J Crit Care
February 2025
Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Mayne Medical School, 20 Weightman St, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George St, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Intensive Care Unit, Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Rd, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia. Electronic address:
Purpose: Clinical trials focusing on critically ill patients with metabolic acidosis, a common exclusion criterion is the presence of a PaCO > 45 mmHg. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of mild hypercapnia on patient characteristics, severity, and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with metabolic acidosis.
Material And Methods: Multicentre, retrospective, observational study conducted in 12 intensive care units (ICUs) in Queensland, Australia.
Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Risk for Childhood Depression: Role of Executive Functions.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
October 2024
Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute for Human Development and Potential, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore; National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address:
Objective: Offspring of mothers with depression are at increased risk for executive function (EF) deficits and later depressive symptoms, but limited studies have examined EF as an intermediary pathway. This study examined the role of EF in mediating the association between maternal and child depressive symptoms.
Method: Data were from a longitudinal birth cohort comprising 739 participants followed from the antenatal period for 12 years.
Blood pressure targets for hypertension in people with chronic renal disease.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
October 2024
IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, development of end-stage renal disease, and all-cause mortality. It affects around 10% of the population worldwide. The prevalence of hypertension in people with CKD ranges from 22% in stage 1 to 80% in stage 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of provision of abdominal aortic calcification results on fruit and vegetable intake: 12-week randomized phase 2 controlled trial.
Nat Commun
October 2024
Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- A study examined the effects of providing vascular imaging results on diet and cardiovascular disease risk factors in 240 participants aged 60-80 with abdominal aortic calcification.
- Participants were randomly assigned to receive (intervention group) or not receive (control group) their calcification results while both groups received educational resources.
- The results showed no significant changes in fruit and vegetable intake, but the intervention group had lower cholesterol levels and cardiovascular disease risk scores after 12 weeks compared to the control group.
Circulating capsid-antibody-complexes (CACs) drive intrahepatic complement deposition and inform subclinical liver inflammation in chronic hepatitis B.
Antiviral Res
November 2024
Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Australia. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Chronic infection with Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) leads to weak virus-specific T cell responses, complicating viral clearance while causing significant liver inflammation due to immune responses.
- A new assay developed for detecting HBV Capsid-Antibody Complexes (CACs) showed high accuracy in measuring these complexes in serum and linked them to increased liver inflammation and damage in chronic hepatitis B patients.
- The study provides strong evidence that CACs play a key role in complement-mediated liver injury, establishing a new factor to consider alongside existing clinical markers for monitoring inflammation in chronic hepatitis B.
Association Between Neuromuscular Blocking Agents and Outcomes of Emergency Tracheal Intubation: A Secondary Analysis of Randomized Trials.
Ann Emerg Med
January 2025
Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Division of Allergy, Pulmonary & Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
Study Objective: To examine the association between the neuromuscular blocking agent received (succinylcholine versus rocuronium) and the incidences of successful intubation on the first attempt and severe complications during tracheal intubation of critically ill adults in an emergency department (ED) or ICU.
Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of data from 2 multicenter randomized trials in critically ill adults undergoing tracheal intubation in an ED or ICU. Using a generalized linear mixed-effects model with prespecified baseline covariates, we examined the association between the neuromuscular blocking agent received (succinylcholine versus rocuronium) and the incidences of successful intubation on the first attempt (primary outcome) and severe complications during tracheal intubation (secondary outcome).
Endocannabinoid concentrations in major depression: effects of childhood maltreatment and relation to hippocampal volume.
Transl Psychiatry
October 2024
Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- * The research involved examining the relationship between MDD, childhood maltreatment (CM), and eCB levels in blood plasma from 91 adults with MDD and 62 healthy participants.
- * Findings indicate that while MDD is associated with higher eCB levels, the relationship between CM and hippocampal volume shows that only lower levels of one eCB (AEA) are linked to reduced hippocampal volume, highlighting the complex role of eCBs in stress and depression.
Multi-omics profiling of DNA methylation and gene expression alterations in human cocaine use disorder.
Transl Psychiatry
October 2024
Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Structural and functional changes in the brain are linked to cocaine use disorder (CUD), with epigenetic and transcriptional alterations serving as potential molecular causes for these changes.
- A study analyzing brain tissue from individuals with CUD identified significant differences in gene expression, particularly highlighting an upregulation of the gene ZFAND2A and changes in alternative splicing that affect neuron pathways.
- The findings suggest important biological processes like synaptic signaling and neuron morphogenesis are disrupted in CUD, and propose that drugs targeting glucocorticoid receptors could help reverse these expression changes.
A phase Ib study of the combination of naporafenib with rineterkib or trametinib in patients with advanced and metastatic KRAS- or BRAF-mutant non-small cell lung cancer.
Lung Cancer
November 2024
Department of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospitals KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Respiratory Oncology Unit, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Article Synopsis
- The study focused on pairing naporafenib, a pan-RAF inhibitor, with either rineterkib or trametinib to treat patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and certain genetic mutations.
- Conducted on 216 patients, the research aimed to find safe and effective dosage levels, identifying recommended doses while monitoring for side effects and antitumor activity.
- Results showed dose-limiting toxicities in 16% of patients, with some achieving partial responses; the study established specific dosages that were well-tolerated along with noticeable reductions in certain mRNA levels.
Advanced abdominal pregnancy complicated by pelvic inflammatory disease: A compelling case report.
SAGE Open Med Case Rep
October 2024
Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Rafik Hariri University Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon.
Article Synopsis
- - This case report details a rare advanced abdominal pregnancy in a 36-year-old woman, complicated by chronic pelvic inflammatory disease and Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome, presenting with severe symptoms including abdominal pain and fever.
- - The diagnosis was difficult due to the pregnancy's advanced stage and its location in the Douglas pouch, identified via ultrasound, classifying it as an intraperitoneal pregnancy.
- - Successful management through laparotomy showcases the need for skilled clinical evaluation and suggests that safe removal of the placenta is possible, highlighting the importance of recognizing rare ectopic pregnancies for better patient outcomes.
The Microbial Diversity and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile Underlying Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis: A Retrospective Study Conducted in North Queensland, Australia.
Foot Ankle Orthop
July 2024
Translational Research in Endocrinology and Diabetes, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- The study focused on diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO), which often arises from skin ulcers, and aimed to analyze local microbial profiles and antibiotic sensitivities to aid treatment decisions.
- A retrospective review of clinical records from 2018 to 2022 at Townsville University Hospital identified 124 DFO patients, predominantly older males with various comorbidities, and found that Gram-positive organisms were most common.
- The findings reveal that specific bacteria exhibited low sensitivity to certain antibiotics, enhancing understanding of DFO's microbial landscape and its alignment with national treatment guidelines.
Diabetes Risk Factors in People With HIV Receiving Pitavastatin Versus Placebo for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention : A Randomized Trial.
Ann Intern Med
November 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana (S.K.Grinspoon).
Article Synopsis
- REPRIEVE was a study that looked at how a medication called pitavastatin affects people with HIV and their risk of getting diabetes.
- The study included over 7,700 participants aged 40 to 75 who didn't have diabetes at the start.
- It found that people with more diabetes risk factors had a greater chance of developing diabetes, especially in places like South Asia.
Digital mental health intervention for schizophrenia spectrum and psychotic disorders: Protocol for a pragmatic feasibility study of Horyzons-Canada.
Digit Health
October 2024
Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders are serious mental health issues, and the paper discusses a new digital intervention (HoryzonsCa) that aims to improve access to evidence-based support through a secure web platform.
- The study has several objectives, including translating the platform for English and French speakers, evaluating its acceptability and safety, assessing clinical outcomes, and understanding the impact of sociocultural factors on its use.
- This feasibility study will involve 100 participants aged 18-50 from Canada, utilizing various data collection methods, and aims to provide insights into the effectiveness of digital mental health services for those with chronic conditions.
Genomic analysis of intracranial and subcortical brain volumes yields polygenic scores accounting for variation across ancestries.
medRxiv
August 2024
Brain & Mental Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Subcortical brain structures play a crucial role in various disorders, and a study analyzed the genetic basis of brain volumes in nearly 75,000 individuals of European ancestry, revealing 254 loci linked to these volumes.
- The research identified significant gene expression in neural cells, relating to brain aging and signaling, and found that polygenic scores could predict brain volumes across different ancestries.
- The study highlights genetic connections between brain volumes and conditions like Parkinson's disease and ADHD, suggesting specific gene expression patterns could be involved in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Single-Hit and Multi-hit PIK3CA Short Variant Genomic Alterations in Clinically Advanced Prostate Cancer: A Genomic Landscape Study.
Target Oncol
November 2024
Department of Urology, Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams St., Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
Background: Tumors harboring two or more PIK3CA short variant (SV) ("multi-hit") mutations have been linked to improved outcomes with anti-PIK3CA-targeted therapies in breast cancer. The landscape and clinical implications of multi-hit PIK3CA alterations in clinically advanced prostate cancer (CAPC) remains elusive.
Objective: To evaluate the genomic landscape of single-hit and multi-hit PIK3CA genomic alterations in CAPC.