Predictors for Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Multi-drug Resistant Tuberculosis - China, 2018-2020.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a critical global public health problem.

What Is Added By This Report?: Sputum cultures and lung images show a strong association with treatment outcomes, serving as a multi-dimensional approach to identify MDR-TB patients with poor outcomes.

What Are The Implications For Public Health Practice?: The results imply that funds and policy investments should be increased by early monitoring of MDR-TB patients, especially regarding imaging and sputum bacterium.

Comparison between single-segment Isobar EVO dynamic stabilization and Isobar TTL dynamic stabilization in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases: a single center retrospective study over 4 years.

Objective: Posterior instrumented fusion is the most widely accepted surgical treatment for spinal stenosis and disc herniation. However, fusion can affect daily activities due to lumbar stiffness. In recent years, dynamic stabilization has been introduced to overcome the drawbacks of fusion, however, it is inconclusive whether dynamic stabilization requires the maintenance of a level of activity that is closer to the physiological state of activity for better clinical efficacy.

Effects of Clopidogrel Rehabilitation on Cardiac Protein Kinase C, Cardiac Heat Shock Protein 70, and CI in MIRI Rat Model.

In order to investigate the effects of clopidogrel rehabilitation on the levels of cardiac protein kinase C (PKC), cardiac heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), and cardiac index (CI) in rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI), sixty Wistar rats are randomly divided into three groups (sham operation group, model group, and clopidogrel group), with 20 rats in each group. The clopidogrel group is given clopidogrel by gavage, and the sham operation group and the model group are given the same amount of normal saline by gavage. The experimental results show that compared with the model group, the clopidogrel group has clear horizontal lines and cell edema.

China rheumatoid arthritis registry of patients with Chinese medicine (CERTAIN): Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics of the first 11,764 enrollees.

Background: Chinese medicine (CM) has become a popular interventional treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, limited knowledge about general characteristics and long-term clinical outcomes hampers the development of CM for RA.

Purpose: The main objectives of the China Rheumatoid Arthritis Registry of Patients with Chinese Medicine (CERTAIN) were to describe the population of RA patients receiving CM treatment in multiple centers in China using different variables and compare these findings with internationally reported data.

Association Between Some Different Obesity Anthropometric Indices and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Men and Women in Beijing, China: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Obesity can lead to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the predictive power of different obesity anthropometric indices (ObAIs) for T2DM varies with race and geographical area. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the association between different ObAIs and T2DM and determine the best index for screening T2DM in middle-aged and elderly men and women in Beijing, China.

Exploration on Varying Patterns of Morphological Features and Quality of Armeniacae Semen Amarum in Rancid Process Based on Colorimeter, Electronic Nose, and GC/MS Coupled With Human Panel.

In recent years, the domestic and international trade volumes of Chinese medicinal materials (CMMs) keep increasing. By the end of 2019, the total amount of exported CMMs reached as high as US $1.137 billion, while imported was US $2.

Untargeted metabolomics profiling in a mouse model of lung cancer treated with thermal ablation.

Thermal ablation is widely used in the treatment of lung cancer and is beneficial for the overall survival of patients in clinic. However, there is barely a priority in which ablation system should be chosen under different periods of tumor progression in lung cancer. The present study investigated different modes of thermal ablation systems in mice with transplanted Lewis lung carcinoma tumors and their various biological effects in local regions using untargeted metabolomics.

Using the cobweb classification system as a digital location system for the neurologic compression in cervical degenerative disease.

Objective: To provide the cobweb classification system (CCS) for the precise digital location and description of the neurological compression in cervical degenerative disease (CDD), and the reliability and the clinical subgroup analysis of the system were tested and analyzed.

Methods: The CCS consisted of three parts: compression zones (-), degrees (, ) and ossification (, , ). Computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images from 238 CDD patients were reviewed.

Clinical study on acupuncture treatment of gastrointestinal damp-heat acne.

Background: Acne is a common inflammatory disease of sebaceous glands, which brings extensive emotional and psychological distress to patients. Although acupuncture has certain advantages in the treatment of acne, the curative effect is not exact. The purpose of this trial is to evaluate the feasibility, preliminary efficacy, and safety of the "Spleen and Stomach Guiyuan Acupuncture Method" (SSGA) in the treatment of gastrointestinal damp-heat acne.

Triple-Endobutton and clavicular hook: A propensity score matching analysis.

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 635 patients with acute acromioclavicular dislocation, who underwent surgery in our hospital between May 2014 and June 2020. Patients were divided into group A (clavicular hook plate) and group B (Triple-Endobutton plates via double-incision). The propensity score analysis using one to one match was performed for comparisons.

PARP inhibitor PJ34 ameliorates cognitive impairments induced by transient cerebral ischemia/reperfusion through its anti-inflammatory effects in a rat model.

Cerebral ischemia is a major health threat to humankind around the world, and the reperfusion methods may provoke irreversible damages to brain tissues, causing impairment of neurological function. The goal of this study is to investigate the potential neurological protective effect of PJ34, a well-characterized poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) inhibitor, on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced injury of the rat model. The cerebral I/R rats were received (3, 6, or 12 mg/kg) injections of PJ34 or saline at 24 h, 6 h before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and 1 h, 24 h, and 48 h after MCAO.

Long Non-Coding RNA SOX2 Overlapping Transcript Aggravates H9c2 Cell Injury via the miR-215-5p/ZEB2 Axis and Promotes Ischemic Heart Failure in a Rat Model.

Heart failure is a common cardiovascular disease, which has been regarded as one of the highest health care costs with high morbidity and mortality in the western countries. Long noncoding RNAs have been widely reported to regulate the initiation or progression of cardiovascular diseases. However, the specific role of SOX2 overlapping transcript (SOX2-OT) in ischemic heart failure remains uncharacterized.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Qingre Huoxue Treatment vs. the Combination of Methotrexate and Hydroxychloroquine for Active Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used successfully to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Qingre Huoxue treatment (Qingre Huoxue decoction (QRHXD)/Qingre Huoxue external preparation (QRHXEP)) is a therapeutic scheme of TCM for RA. To date, there have been few studies comparing the efficacy and safety of QRHXD and conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) for the treatment of active RA.

Activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 by diaminopimelic acid contributes to cerebral ischemia-induced cognitive impairment.

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced brain tissue injury is a major obstacle for acute stroke management. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 (NOD1) is reported to play a critical role in the regulation of myocardial or hepatic I/R injury. However, its role in cerebral I/R remains elusive.

Dexmedetomidine promotes the recovery of renal function and reduces the inflammatory level in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury rats through PI3K/Akt/HIF-1α signaling pathway.

Objective: To evaluate the protective effect of dexmedetomidine (Dex) against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) in rats through the phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) signaling pathway.

Materials And Methods: (1) A Sprague- Dawley rat model of RIRI was established. Thirty rats were divided into Sham group, injury (RIRI) group, and Dex treatment (RIRI + Dex) group.

MiR-26a inhibits proliferation and apoptosis of uveal melanoma cells via regulating p53/MDM2 pathway.

Purpose: To study the effect of micro ribonucleic acid (miR)-26a on the proliferation and apoptosis of uveal melanoma (UM) cell lines, and to explore the potential signaling pathway.

Methods: UM SP6.5 cells were used in this study, and were transfected with miR-26a mimic (miR-26a mimic group) and miR-26a small-interfering RNA (siRNA) (miR-26a siRNA group) using Lipofectamine 2000 transfection reagent, with miR-26a negative control (NC) as the blank controls (miR-26a NC group).

Bioinformatic analysis of SMN1-ACE/ACE2 interactions hinted at a potential protective effect of spinal muscular atrophy against COVID-19-induced lung injury.

Patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) are susceptible to the respiratory infections and might be at a heightened risk of poor clinical outcomes upon contracting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, the potential associations of SMA with the susceptibility to and prognostication of COVID-19 need to be clarified. We documented an SMA case who contracted COVID-19 but only developed mild-to-moderate clinical and radiological manifestations of pneumonia, which were relieved by a combined antiviral and supportive treatment.

Metformin induces apoptosis of melanoma B16 cells via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways.

Purpose: To investigate the influences of metformin on the proliferation and apoptosis of mouse melanoma B16 cells through regulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway.

Methods: The mouse melanoma B16 cell strains were taken as the subjects of the study, and were randomly divided into the control group with RPMI-640 medium with the volume same with that in the metformin group (C group, n=6) and Q group [metformin:10 mmol/L (Q1 group, n=6), metformin:20 mmol/L (Q2 group, n=6), and metformin:40 mmol/L (Q3 group, n=6)]. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method was employed to detect the proliferation of cells in each group at different culture times.

Comprehensive Characterization of Circular RNAs in Neuroblastoma Cell Lines.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a rare type of cancer but frequently occurred in children. However, it is still unclear whether circular RNAs (circRNAs) play key roles in NB tumorigenesis or progression. In this study, we identified 39,022 circRNAs across the 39 neuroblastoma and 2 normal cell lines.

Clinical efficacy and safety of spironolactone in patients with resistant hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: We conducted a meta-analysis to summarize all available evidence from randomized controlled trial studies regarding the clinical efficacy and safety of spironolactone in patients with resistant hypertension (RH) and provided a quantitative assessment.

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases through December 8, 2019, was performed. Randomized controlled trials randomized controlled trials meeting inclusion criteria were included to assess the effect of the addition of spironolactone on office blood pressure (BP), 24-hour ambulatory BP or adverse events in RH patients.

Propofol relieves oxidative stress response of cerebral ischemiareperfusion injury through SIRT1 signaling pathway.

This study explored the effects of propofol on the cognitive function and expressions of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) through the silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) signaling pathway during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. C57BL/6J mice were used and divided into Sham group, I/R group (I/R model established via ligation of artery) and Treated group (peritoneal injection of propofol) according to different treatments. The memory ability of mice was evaluated using Morris water maze test, and the motor coordination was assessed using Rota rod test and oblique beam walking test.

Different Degree Centrality Changes in the Brain after Acupuncture on Contralateral or Ipsilateral Acupoint in Patients with Chronic Shoulder Pain: A Resting-State fMRI Study.

Chronic shoulder pain (CSP) is the third most common musculoskeletal problem. For maximum treatment effectiveness, most acupuncturists usually choose acupoint in the nonpainful side, to alleviate pain or improve shoulder function. This method is named opposite needling, which means acupuncture points on the right side are selected for diseases on the left side and vice versa.