Epigenetic compounds targeting pharmacological target lysine specific demethylase 1 and its impact on immunotherapy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy for treatment of tumor recurrence and resistance.

It has been proven that metastatic recurrence and therapeutic resistance are linked. Due to the variability of individuals and tumors, as well as the tumor's versatility in avoiding therapies, therapy resistance is more difficult to treat. Therapy resistance has significantly restricted the clinical feasibility and efficacy of tumor therapy, despite the discovery of novel compounds and therapy combinations with increasing efficacy.

Inhibition of USP1 activates ER stress through Ubi-protein aggregation to induce autophagy and apoptosis in HCC.

The deubiquitinating enzyme USP1 (ubiquitin-specific protease 1) plays a role in the progression of various tumors, emerging as a potential therapeutic target. This study aimed to determine the role of USP1 as a therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We detected USP1 expression in the tumor and adjacent tissues of patients with HCC using immunohistochemical staining.

Bifunctional anti-PD-L1/TGF-βRII agent SHR-1701 in advanced solid tumors: a dose-escalation, dose-expansion, and clinical-expansion phase 1 trial.

Background: Dual inhibition of PD-1/PD-L1 and TGF-β pathways is a rational therapeutic strategy for malignancies. SHR-1701 is a new bifunctional fusion protein composed of a monoclonal antibody against PD-L1 fused with the extracellular domain of TGF-β receptor II. This first-in-human trial aimed to assess SHR-1701 in pretreated advanced solid tumors and find the population who could benefit from SHR-1701.

Inhibition of CEBPB Attenuates Lupus Nephritis via Regulating Pim-1 Signaling.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease leading to inflammatory damage in multiple target organs, and lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most life-threatening organ manifestations. CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (CEBPB) regulates the NLRP3 inflammasome and is involved in the pathogenesis of SLE. However, the role and mechanism of CEBPB in LN remains unclear.

Is single tract jejunal interposition better than double tract reconstruction after proximal gastrectomy?

Double tract reconstruction (DTR) is the main digestive tract reconstruction method after proximal gastrectomy (PG). Single tract jejunal interposition (STJI) derived from the double tract reconstruction is also increasingly used in clinical practice. However, there is still a great controversy as to which of the two reconstruction methods can achieve better results.

Establishment and validation of a novel prognostic model for non-virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: The incidence of non-virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (NV-HCC) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is steadily increasing. The aim of this study was to establish a prognostic model to evaluate the overall survival (OS) of NV-HCC patients.

Methods: Overall, 261 patients with NV-HCC were enrolled in this study.

Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors in B-cell lymphoma: beyond the antitumour effect.

Targeting B-cell receptor signalling using Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors (BTKis) has become a highly successful treatment modality for B-cell malignancies, especially for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. However, long-term administration of BTKis can be complicated by adverse on- and/or off-target effects in particular cell types. BTK is widely expressed in cells of haematopoietic origin, which are pivotal components of the tumour microenvironment.

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for relapsed and refractory thyroid cancer.

The prognosis of most thyroid cancer patients is excellent, but for those with advanced or metastatic thyroid cancer, effective treatments are still lacking. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has gained remarkable achievements in hematologic malignancy but shown limited efficacy in solid tumors. In this report, we showed a relapsed and refractory thyroid cancer patient treated with TSHR + CD19 CAR-T, a combination of two 2nd generation CAR-T molecules targeting both TSHR and CD19.

An EGFR/HER2-targeted conjugate sensitizes gemcitabine-sensitive and resistant pancreatic cancer through different SMAD4-mediated mechanisms.

Chemoresistance limits its clinical implementation for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We previously generated an EGFR/HER2 targeted conjugate, dual-targeting ligand-based lidamycin (DTLL), which shows a highly potent antitumor effect. To overcome chemoresistance in PDAC, we aim to study DTLL efficacy when combined with gemcitabine and explore its mechanisms of action.

NREP is a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker, and Promotes Gastric Cancer Cell Proliferation and Angiogenesis.

Neuronal regeneration related protein (NREP), also known as P311, has been reported to participate in multiple biological processes. The detection of tumor biomarker favored a non-invasive early entry for cancer diagnosis and disease monitoring to prevent its worsening symptoms. This study is intended to investigate the clinical roles of NREP in gastric cancer (GC) and its effect on gastric cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis.

Pre-radiotherapy systemic immune inflammation index associated with overall survival in patients with advanced EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer receiving thoracic radiotherapy.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic potential of the pre-radiotherapy systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) for the survival of advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, which might provide a basis for optimizing the comprehensive treatment scheme.

Methods: A total of 111 lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR mutations, who received thoracic radiotherapy, were included in this retrospective study. The primary endpoint of the study was based on the overall survival (OS) of patients.

All-trans retinoic acid enhanced the antileukemic efficacy of ABT-199 in acute myeloid leukemia by downregulating the expression of S100A8.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is prone to relapse. Targeted therapy with a specific inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 ABT-199 is an effective method for relapsed and refractory patients, but drug resistance is likely, which is primarily related to high Mcl-1 and S100A8 expression. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) can inhibit Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 expression.

Quantitative RECIST derived from multiparametric MRI in evaluating response of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma to neoadjuvant therapy.

Objective: To develop a quantitative Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (qRECIST) for evaluating response to neoadjuvant therapy (nT) in ESCCs relying on multiparametric (mp) MRI.

Methods: Patients with cT2-T4a/N0-N3/M0 ESCC undergoing pre-nT and post-nT esophageal mpMRI before radical resection were prospectively included. Images were reviewed by two experienced radiologists.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted MR imaging in early prediction of pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric cancer.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for the early prediction of the pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC).

Methods: Fifty patients with LAGC who were treated with NAC followed by radical gastrectomy were enrolled. Uncontrasted and DCE-MRI were performed within 1 week before NAC.

Manual acupuncture as prophylaxis for migraine without aura: study protocol for a multi-center, randomized, single-blinded trial.

Background: Migraine is a highly prevalent neurological disorder. It is the third most prevalent disorder and the seventh highest cause of disability worldwide. Acupuncture may be a viable prophylactic treatment option for frequent or uncontrolled migraine.

Prognostic and Predictive Model of the Log Odds of the Negative Lymph Node/T Stage Ratio in Resectable Gastric Adenocarcinoma Patients.

Purpose: There are few reports on disease-specific survival (DSS) prediction systems for resected gastric cancer (GC) patients. The aim of this study was to create a nomogram based on the log odds of the negative lymph node/T stage ratio (LONT) for individual risk prediction.

Methods: We applied the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program database released in 2021 to screen GC patients from 2010 to 2015.

Transvenous endovascular treatment for vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation with idiopathic bilateral sigmoid sinus occlusion.

Background: Vein of Galen Malformations (VGAM) and bilateral idiopathic occlusion of the sigmoid sinuses are extremely rare. We report a child with Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation (VGAM) and Idiopathic bilateral sigmoid sinus occlusion simultaneously, and managed through endovascular therapy in one session. This case highlights the coexistence of the lesions, as well as the one-session technical feasibility and good clinical outcome for endovascular treatment.

Phenazine derivatives attenuate the stemness of breast cancer cells through triggering ferroptosis.

Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are positively correlated with the metastasis, chemoresistance, and recurrence of breast cancer. However, there are still no drugs targeting BCSCs in clinical using for breast cancer treatment. Here, we tried to screen out small-molecule compounds targeting BCSCs from the phenazine library established by us before.

Prevalence of Adverse Effects Associated With Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: A growing number of studies have suggested that transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) may represent a novel technique with both investigative and therapeutic potential for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, a full spectrum of the adverse effects (AEs) of TMS used in ASD has not been specifically and systematically evaluated.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the prevalence of AEs related to TMS in ASD and to further explore the potentially related factors on the AEs.

Dynamic peripheral blood immune cell markers for predicting the response of patients with metastatic cancer to immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown durable responses in various malignancies. However, the response to ICI therapy is unpredictable, and investigation of predictive biomarkers needs to be improved.

Experimental Design: In total, 120 patients receiving ICI therapy and 40 patients receiving non-ICI therapy were enrolled.

A radiomics feature-based nomogram to predict telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutation status and the prognosis of lower-grade gliomas.

Aim: To explore the predictive value of the radiomics feature-based nomogram for predicting telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutation status and prognosis of lower-grade gliomas (LGGs) non-invasively.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and seventy-six LGG patients (123 in the training cohort and 53 in the validation cohort) were enrolled retrospectively. A total of 851 radiomics features were extracted from contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images.