Computer-Aided Diagnosis in Spontaneous Abortion: A Histopathology Dataset and Benchmark for Products of Conception.

Spontaneous abortion, commonly known as miscarriage, is a significant concern during early pregnancy. Histopathological examination of tissue samples is a widely used method to diagnose and classify tissue phenotypes found in products of conception (POC) after spontaneous abortion. Histopathological examination is subjective and dependent on the skill and experience of the examiner.

Integrated Quality Prediction Model for Food Quality Management Based on in Shared Kitchens.

Shared kitchens have a lower entry barrier than traditional kitchens, which generally require a significant initial investment, and have thus attracted attention as the most realistic new business model for restaurants in the sharing economy. The restaurant industry is founded on ensuring the safety of the food it serves in order to prevent the spread of foodborne diseases within the community, so strict quality control is essential. Existing food quality management typically employs continuous quality assistance, which is difficult to apply to the highly volatile shared kitchen environment and its various stakeholders.

A Novel PPARγ Modulator Falcarindiol Mediates ER Stress-Mediated Apoptosis by Regulating NOX4 and Overcomes Radioresistance in Breast Cancer.

The extract of the rhizome of Makino has potential anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects in many diseases, such as cancer. However, the biological functions of falcarindiol (FAD) in breast cancer are not fully understood. This study proved the anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects of FAD in breast cancer.

Gaps and Similarities in Research Use LOINC Codes Utilized in Korean University Hospitals: Towards Semantic Interoperability for Patient Care.

Background: The accuracy of Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) mappings is reportedly low, and the LOINC codes used for research purposes in Korea have not been validated for accuracy or usability. Our study aimed to evaluate the discrepancies and similarities in interoperability using existing LOINC mappings in actual patient care settings.

Methods: We collected data on local test codes and their corresponding LOINC mappings from seven university hospitals.

Marital satisfaction and its impact on frailty in Korean older adults: a longitudinal analysis.

Background: Despite a wealth of literature on marital dissatisfaction and adverse health outcomes, little is known about the relationship between marital dissatisfaction and frailty in older adults.

Methods: This longitudinal study utilised the data of 11 174 individuals who participated in the biennial Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing survey from 2006 to 2020 and were aged ≥45 during the initial wave. Frailty was measured using a frailty instrument, which utilised exhaustion, social isolation, and handgrip strength weakness.

Machine learning-driven optimization of mRNA-lipid nanoparticle vaccine quality with XGBoost/Bayesian method and ensemble model approaches.

To enhance the efficiency of vaccine manufacturing, this study focuses on optimizing the microfluidic conditions and lipid mix ratios of messenger RNA-lipid nanoparticles (mRNA-LNP). Different mRNA-LNP formulations ( = 24) were developed using an I-optimal design, where machine learning tools (XGBoost/Bayesian optimization and self-validated ensemble (SVEM)) were used to optimize the process and predict lipid mix ratio. The investigation included material attributes, their respective ratios, and process attributes.

Comparison of Rheological and Tribological Properties of Cold Thickened Beverages for Dysphagia Management.

This study investigated the rheological and tribological properties of cold beverages [bottled water (BW), sports drink (SD), orange juice (OJ), and whole milk (WM)] thickened with various concentrations (1%, 2%, and 3%, w/w) of xanthan gum-based food thickeners. All thickened beverages exhibited high pseudoplastic behavior, with increasing thickener concentration leading to higher viscosity and viscoelastic moduli and a lower flow behavior index. Thickened BW, SD, and WM exhibited typical Stribeck curves covering the boundary, mixed, and hydrodynamic lubrication regimes.

Development of analysis method for -xylenediamine as aldehyde scavenger using HPLC-PDA.

The objective of this study was to develop an analytical method for -xylenediamine (-XDA), an aldehyde scavenger, in various food simulants and food matrices. The analysis was performed using HPLC-UV (270 nm) with a Capcell pak MGII C18 column (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 μm).

Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase transforms carotid occlusion-mediated benign oligemia into large cerebral infarction.

It remains unclear why unilateral proximal carotid artery occlusion (UCAO) causes benign oligemia in mice, yet leads to various outcomes (asymptomatic-to-death) in humans. We hypothesized that inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) both transforms UCAO-mediated oligemia into full infarction and expands pre-existing infarction. Using 900 mice, we i) investigated stroke-related effects of UCAO with/without intraperitoneal administration of the NOS inhibitor (NOSi) N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 400 mg/kg); ii) examined the rescue effect of the NO-donor, molsidomine (200 mg/kg at 30 minutes); and iii) tested the impact of antiplatelet medications.

Knee osteoarthritis severity detection using deep inception transfer learning.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent condition resulting in physical limitations. Early detection of OA is critical to effectively manage this condition. However, the diagnosis of early-stage arthritis remains challenging.

Dentatorubral pallidoluysian atrophy with cognitive impairment, epilepsy, movement disorders, and psychosis - a case.

Dentatorubral-Pallidoluysian Atrophy (DRPLA) is a rare autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by CAG repeat expansion in the ATN1 gene, characterized by diverse neurological and psychiatric symptoms. We report a 23-year-old patient with juvenile-onset seizures, cognitive decline, and ataxia, progressing to psychosis by age 31. Initial brain MRI showed minimal cerebellar atrophy, with prominent atrophy evident on follow-up imaging.

Sertaconazole, an Imidazole Antifungal Agent, Suppresses the Stemness of Breast Cancer Cells by Inhibiting Stat3 Signaling.

Background/aim: Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are a subpopulation of tumor cells that play a role in therapeutic resistance. In this study, we demonstrated that sertaconazole, an antifungal agent, displayed a potent inhibition on cancer stem cells (CSCs) and investigated the mechanism of action involved in its anti-BCSC effect.

Materials And Methods: The effect of sertaconazole on BCSCs was investigated using a mammosphere formation assay, a colony formation assay, and a cell migration assay.

Deficiency of purinergic P2Y2 receptor impairs the recovery after renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and accelerates renal fibrosis and tubular senescence in mice.

Chronic kidney disease is defined as a progressive loss of kidney function associated with impaired recovery after acute kidney injury. Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) induces oxidative stress and inflammatory responses leading to severe tissue damage, where incomplete or maladaptive repair accelerates renal fibrosis and aging. To investigate the role of the purinergic P2Y2 receptor (P2Y2R) in these processes, we used P2Y2R knockout (KO) mice subjected to IR.

Identification of virus-rich intermediate cells as crucial players in SARS-CoV-2 infection and differentiation dynamics of human airway epithelium.

Understanding the early interactions between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and human airway epithelial cells is essential for unraveling viral replication and spread mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the early dynamics of airway epithelial cells during SARS-CoV-2 infection using well-differentiated human nasal and tracheal epithelial cell cultures by incorporating three publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing datasets. We identified a previously uncharacterized cell population, termed virus-rich intermediate (VRI) cells, representing an intermediate differentiation stage between basal and ciliated cells.

Thread Embedding Acupuncture in Postmenopausal Women with Overactive Bladder: A Prospective, Single-Arm, Before-After Study.

Introduction: Overactive bladder is a major public health concern that negatively impacts a patient's quality of life, and it is highly prevalent in menopausal women. Acupuncture has been suggested as a viable therapeutic approach. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of thread-embedding acupuncture in postmenopausal women with overactive bladder.

Assessing the environmental determinants of micropollutant contamination in streams using explainable machine learning and network analysis.

Even at trace concentrations, micropollutants, including pesticides and pharmaceuticals, pose considerable ecological risks, and the increasing presence of synthetic chemical substances in aquatic systems has emerged as a growing concern. Moreover, limited machine-learning (ML) approaches exist for analyzing environmental data, and the increasing complexity of ML models has made it challenging to understand predictor-outcome relationships. In particular, understanding complex interactions among multiple variables remains challenging.

Arvimicrobium flavum gen. nov., sp. nov., A Novel Genus in the Family Phyllobacteriaceae Isolated From Forest Soil.

During the study of microbial diversity of forest soil in the Republic of Korea, a yellow pigment-producing, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, motile bacterium was isolated and designated as strain 1W2. This strain grew at temperature of 10-37 °C, at pH of 5.0-9.

Effects of fluconazole on the pharmacokinetics of celecoxib and its carboxylic acid metabolite in different CYP2C9 genotypes.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of fluconazole, a moderate inhibitor of CYP2C9 and CYP3A4, on the pharmacokinetics of celecoxib and its carboxylic acid metabolite in different CYP2C9 genotypes. A total of thirty-nine healthy Korean male volunteers were divided into three different CYP2C9 genotype groups (CYP2C9*1/*1, *1/*3 and *3/*3 genotypes) and were enrolled in the celecoxib alone trial, celecoxib with fluconazole trial, or both. In the celecoxib alone trial, participants received a single oral dose of 200 mg celecoxib.

Cation composition ratio and channel length effects on bias stress instability in amorphous InGaZnO back-end-of-line field-effect transistors.

This study optimizes V and ΔV in amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (a-IGZO) field-effect transistors (FETs) by examining the influence of both channel length (L) and Ga composition. It was observed that as the ratio of In: Ga: Zn changed from 1:1:1 to 0.307:0.

Evaluating current status of network pharmacology for herbal medicine focusing on identifying mechanisms and therapeutic effects.

Introduction: Network pharmacology has gained significant traction as a tool for identifying the mechanisms and therapeutic effects of herbal medicines. However, despite the usefulness of these approaches, their diversity underscores the critical need for a systematic evaluation to ensure consistency and reliability.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the network pharmacological analyses, focusing on identifying the mechanisms and therapeutic effects of herbal medicines.

Harnessing Radiation for Nanotechnology: A Comprehensive Review of Techniques, Innovations, and Application.

Nanomaterial properties such as size, structure, and composition can be controlled by manipulating radiation, such as gamma rays, X-rays, and electron beams. This control allows scientists to create materials with desired properties that can be used in a wide range of applications, from electronics to medicine. This use of radiation for nanotechnology is revolutionizing the way we design and manufacture materials.

Gamma Radiation-Induced Synthesis of Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Acrylic Acid Hydrogels for Methylene Blue Dye Removal.

This study aims to develop efficient and sustainable hydrogels for dye adsorption, addressing the critical need for improved wastewater treatment methods. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-based hydrogels grafted with AAc were synthesized using gamma radiation polymerization. Various AAc to CMC ratios (5:5, 5:7.