National level data analysis of facial lacerations in Korea using the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database.

No national epidemiological investigations have been conducted recently regarding facial lacerations. The study was performed using the data of 3,634,229 people during the 5-year period from 2014 to 2018 archived by the National Health Information Database (NHID) of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Preschool and children under 10 years old accounted for about one-third of patients.

The long-term risk of lymphoma and skin cancer did not increase after topical calcineurin inhibitor use and phototherapy in a cohort of 25,694 patients with vitiligo.

Background: Topical calcineurin inhibitors have been used to treat vitiligo, either alone or in combination with phototherapy; however, the long-term safety of these agents remains controversial.

Objective: To investigate the risk of lymphoma and skin cancer in vitiligo patients who received topical calcineurin inhibitors or phototherapy.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective cohort study of 25,694 vitiligo patients who received topical calcineurin inhibitors or phototherapy for 6 weeks or more between 2001 and 2019 was performed.

A new technique in Asian nasal tip plasty: Non-incisional double-layered conchal cartilage graft.

Background: The columellar strut graft based on the use of back-to-back autogenous conchal cartilage is one of the most commonly employed invisible grafts used for nasal tip projection. This graft provides an effective means of achieving nasal tip projection but is limited by its flexibility, especially with respect to cephalic rotation. We designed an effective technique that addresses these limitations.

Comparison of the recurrence rate of 3 treatment modalities for Bowen disease in an aging city: A retrospective multivariate analysis.

A wide range of therapeutic options are available for the treatment of Bowen disease. However, few studies have been conducted on wide excision using various resurfacing methods. The objectives of this study were:One hundred forty-eight lesions were studied.

Potential Therapeutic Targets of Quercetin and Its Derivatives: Its Role in the Therapy of Cognitive Impairment.

Quercetin (QC) is a flavonoid and crucial bioactive compound found in a variety of vegetables and fruits. In preclinical studies, QC has demonstrated broad activity against several diseases and disorders. According to recent investigations, QC is a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of nervous system illnesses because of its protective role against oxidative damage and neuroinflammation.

In silico analysis of nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) of the SMPX gene.

Mutations in the SMPX gene can disrupt the regular activity of the SMPX protein, which is involved in the hearing process. Recent reports showing a link between nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) in SMPX and hearing loss, thus classifying deleterious SNPs in SMPX will be an uphill task before designing a more extensive population study. In this study, damaging nsSNPs of SMPX from the dbSNP database were identified by using 13 bioinformatics tools.

Unveiling the Structural Insights into the Selective Inhibition of Protein Kinase D1.

Background: Although protein kinase D1 (PKD1) has been proved to be an efficient target for anticancer drug development, lack of structural details and substrate binding mechanisms are the main obstacles for the development of selective inhibitors with therapeutic benefits.

Objective: The present study described the in silico dynamics behaviors of PKD1 in binding with selective and non-selective inhibitors and revealed the critical binding site residues for the selective kinase inhibition.

Methods: Here, the three dimensional model of PKD1 was initially constructed by homology modeling along with binding site characterization to explore the non-conserved residues.

Structure-based identification of potent VEGFR-2 inhibitors from in vivo metabolites of a herbal ingredient.

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) is one of the regulatory elements of angiogenesis that is expressed highly in various diseases and is also essential for solid tumor growth. The present study was aimed at identifying potent inhibitors of VEGFR-2 by considering herbal secondary metabolites; as natural molecules are less toxic than synthetic derivatives. A structure-based virtual screening protocol consisting of molecular docking, MM-GBSA and ADME/T analysis was initially used to screen a library of in vivo metabolites of the herbal ingredient.

Calotropis gigantea Promotes Neuritogenesis and Synaptogenesis through Activation of NGF-TrkA-Erk1/2 Signaling in Rat Hippocampal Neurons.

Calotropis gigantea (L.) R. Br (Apocynaceae) (commonly known as milkweed or crown flower) is a large shrub native to temperate regions of Asia, including China, Bangladesh and India and has a long history of use in traditional medicines.

Stigmasterol promotes neuronal migration via reelin signaling in neurosphere migration assays.

Stigmasterol (ST) is a multifunctional phytosterol and is found in diverse food. In our previous transcriptomics study, we found ST upregulated migration-related genes. In the present study, we carried out neurosphere migration assays to investigate the effects of ST on neuronal migration.

Prospecting and Structural Insight into the Binding of Novel Plant-Derived Molecules of Leea indica as Inhibitors of BACE1.

Background: Alzheimer disease (AD) can be considered as the most common age related neurodegenerative disorder and also an important cause of death in elderly patients. A number of studies showed the correlation of this disease pathology with BACE1 inhibitor and it is also evident that BACE1 inhibitor can function as a very potent strategy in treating AD.

Methods: In this present study, we aimed to prospect for novel plant-derived BACE1 inhibitors from Leea indica and to realise structural basis of their interactions and mechanisms using combined molecular docking and molecular dynamics based approaches.

Stigmasterol upregulates immediate early genes and promotes neuronal cytoarchitecture in primary hippocampal neurons as revealed by transcriptome analysis.

Background: The hippocampus is a vulnerable brain region that is implicated in learning and memory impairment by two pathophysiological features, that is, neurite regression and synaptic dysfunction, and stigmasterol (ST), a cholesterol-equivalent phytosterol, is known to facilitate neuromodulatory effects.

Purpose: To investigate the neuromodulatory effects of ST on the development of central nervous system neurons and the molecular bases of these effects in primary hippocampal neurons.

Methods: Rat embryonic (E18-19) brain neurons were cultured in the absence or presence of ST (75 µM).

Stigmasterol activates Cdc42-Arp2 and Erk1/2-Creb pathways to enrich glutamatergic synapses in cultures of brain neurons.

The naturally occurring phytosterol stigmasterol (ST) ameliorates scopolamine-induced memory impairment and promotes neuritogenesis and synaptogenesis. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the hypothesis that ST promotes spinogenesis and the formation of glutamatergic synapses and thus improves memory in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Immunoblots showed that ST activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2) and cAMP response element binding protein (Creb), and upregulated actin-related protein 2 (Arp2) and cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42), central components in actin organization and spine head development.

Alleviation of Hippocampal Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by Allomyrina dichotoma Larvae Extract.

In the brain, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress results in synaptic dysfunction and eventually leads to neurodegeneration. Allomyrina dichotoma larvae are a Chinese ethnomedicine and are widely used in East Asia. In the present study, we investigated the ability of ethanol extract of A.

Hypoplastic superficial femoral artery combined with connection of the deep femoral artery to the popliteal artery.

The most common anatomical variation of the superficial femoral artery (SFA) is hypoplasia or aplasia associated with a persistent sciatic artery. We report a case exhibiting SFA hypoplasia combined with connection of the deep femoral artery (DFA) to the popliteal artery (in other words, the DFA became the popliteal artery). A 41-year-old man was admitted with a crush injury of the left foot.

Efficacy and safety of superselective trans-catheter arterial embolization of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding using N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of superselective trans-catheter arterial embolization (TAE) with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) for patients with acute non-variceal upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding.

Methods: TAE using NBCA was performed in 21 patients (13 males, 8 females, mean age 60.9 years) with acute non-variceal upper (n = 15) and lower (n = 6) GI bleeding.

Conservative Management of Spontaneous Isolated Dissection of the Superior Mesenteric Artery.

Purpose: We report the clinical outcomes of patients with spontaneous isolated dissection of the superior mesenteric artery (SIDSMA) who were treated conservatively.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was performed in 14 patients from 2006 to 2016 with SIDSMA. Their clinical features and computed tomographic angiography (CTA) characteristics, treatment methods, and clinical outcomes were analyzed.

Radix Puerariae modulates glutamatergic synaptic architecture and potentiates functional synaptic plasticity in primary hippocampal neurons.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Neurologic disorders are frequently characterized by synaptic pathology, including abnormal density and morphology of dendritic spines, synapse loss, and aberrant synaptic signaling and plasticity. Therefore, to promote and/or protect synapses by the use of natural molecules capable of modulating neurodevelopmental events, such as, spinogenesis and synaptic plasticity, could offer a preventive and curative strategy for nervous disorders associated with synaptic pathology. Radix Puerariae, the root of Pueraria monatana var.

Proteomic Analysis of the Neurotrophic Effect of Gelidium amansii in Primary Cultured Neurons.

Gelidium amansii is an edible and economically important red alga consumed in South Eastern Asia. In previous studies, we reported that the ethanol extracts of G. amansii (GAE) has promising modulatory activity with respect to the morphological and functional maturation of hippocampal neurons in culture.

Idiopathic Synkinesis of the Facial Musculature: Oculo-Nasal, Oculo-Zygomatic, and Fronto-Nasal Synkinesis.

Facial synkinesis is the simultaneous contraction of the certain facial musculature accompanying a motion of designated muscle in the face. With the exception of rare afflictions that are congenital in origin, most patients develop as a sequel to facial nerve paralysis due to trauma, tumor, and surgical injury. As an idiopathic congenital form, oculo-nasal synkinesis which reveals co-contraction of orbicularis oculi and the compressor narium minor muscles which are innervated by separate branches of the facial nerve have been already reported.

Usefulness and safety of the "God's Hand" pneumatic compression device for hemostasis in femoral catheterization.

Purpose: We aimed to assess the usefulness and safety of the God's Hand pneumatic compression device for hemostasis in patients undergoing percutaneous endovascular procedures via femoral artery.

Methods: Two hundred thirty-seven patients in whom hemostasis of femoral catheterization was achieved using a God's Hand pneumatic compression device were enrolled. The patients were divided into group A, those in whom the device was applied for four hours, and group B, those in whom the device was applied for two hours, with an additional two hours of bed rest in both groups.

N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine Kinase Interacts with Dynein-Lis1-NudE1 Complex and Regulates Cell Division.

N-acetyl-D-glucosamine kinase (GlcNAc kinase or NAGK) primarily catalyzes phosphoryl transfer to GlcNAc during amino sugar metabolism. Recently, it was shown NAGK interacts with dynein light chain roadblock type 1 (DYNLRB1) and upregulates axo-dendritic growth, which is an enzyme activity-independent, non-canonical structural role. The authors examined the distributions of NAGK and NAGK-dynein complexes during the cell cycle in HEK293T cells.

Co-effect of silk and amniotic membrane for tendon repair.

The objective of the present study was to determine the feasibility and biocompatibility of a silk scaffold and a composite silk scaffold in terms of new tendon generation using a rabbit Achilles tendon model. The silk scaffold was constructed using a weaving machine, then soaked in a 1% collagen-hyaluronan (HA) solution and air-dried, whereas the composite silk scaffold was composed of a silk scaffold containing a lyophilized collagen-HA substrate. Tenocytes were cultured in vitro to compare cell populations in the two groups.