An experimental study of rabbit conjunctival epithelial toxicity using co-treatment with mitomycin-C and a histone deacetylase inhibitor.

This study was conducted to evaluate cytotoxicity due to co-treatment with low-dose Mitomycin-C (MMC) and the histone deacetylase inhibitor, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) for glaucoma filtration surgery. In this study, the effect of co-treatment with MMC and SAHA to induce apoptosis in cultured conjunctival epithelial cells (CEs) in rabbit was investigated. The cytotoxic potential following co-treatment with MMC and SAHA in CEs via assay for reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was also examined.

A novel resveratrol analogue HS-1793 treatment overcomes the resistance conferred by Bcl-2 and is associated with the formation of mature PML nuclear bodies in renal clear cell carcinoma Caki-1 cells.

Bcl-2 protects cancer cells from the apoptotic effects of various chemotherapeutic agents. Inhibition or downregulation of Bcl-2 represents a new therapeutic approach to bypass chemoresistance in cancer cells. Previously we designed and synthesized the resveratrol analogue HS-1793 displaying stronger antitumor efficacy than resveratrol and further demonstrated the HS-1793 resistance conferred by Bcl-2 in human leukemic U937 cells.

SAHA treatment overcomes the anti-apoptotic effects of Bcl-2 and is associated with the formation of mature PML nuclear bodies in human leukemic U937 cells.

Bcl-2 protects tumor cells from the apoptotic effects of various antineoplastic agents. Increased expression of Bcl-2 has been associated with poor response to chemotherapy in various malignancies, including leukemia. Therefore, bypassing the resistance conferred by anti-apoptotic factors such as Bcl-2 represents an attractive therapeutic strategy against cancer cells, including leukemic cells.

A novel resveratrol derivative, HS1793, overcomes the resistance conferred by Bcl-2 in human leukemic U937 cells.

The chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic properties associated with resveratrol offer promise for the design of new chemotherapeutic agents. However, resveratrol is not a potent cytotoxic compound when compared with other chemotherapeutic drugs. Thus, several studies were undertaken to obtain synthetic analogues of resveratrol with potent activity.

Momilactone B, an allelochemical of rice hulls, induces apoptosis on human lymphoma cells (Jurkat) in a micromolar concentration.

Although momilactone B has been studied as an allelochemical of rice (Oryza sativa L.), to date we have no report showing the effect of momilactone B on mammalian cells. This study was undertaken to examine whether this allelochemical has anticancer activity on cancer cells.

Sensitization of RPE cells by alphaB-crystallin siRNA to SAHA-induced stage 1 apoptosis through abolishing the association of alphaB-crystallin with HDAC1 in SC35 speckles.

Purpose: To better understand the mechanism underlying the anti-apoptotic activity of alphaB-crystallin in RPE cells.

Methods: Cells of the human retinal pigment epithelial line ARPE-19 were treated with a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI), suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), with or without alphaB-crystallin siRNA. To examine the mechanism underlying the cell death induced in ARPE-19 cells, nuclear staining, flow cytometry, DNA electrophoresis, pulse field gel electrophoresis, Western blot analysis, confocal microscopy, and coimmunoprecipitation assay were undertaken.

Co-treatment of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid and mitomycin-C induces the apoptosis of rabbit tenon's capsule fibroblast and improves the outcome of glaucoma filtration surgery.

Purpose: This study was undertaken to develop a new treatment modality that would be able to minimize fibrosis and provide better outcome with glaucoma filtration surgery (GFS).

Methods: We examined whether co-treatment with mitomycin-C (MMC) and histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) efficiently induces apoptosis on rabbit Tenon's capsule fibroblasts (TCF) in vitro. We further examined the effect of co-treatment with SAHA and MMC on the alteration of IOP and the bleb survival in rabbits following GFS.

Interactions of acetylcholinesterase with caveolin-1 and subsequently with cytochrome c are required for apoptosome formation.

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is emerging as an important component in leading to apoptosis. Our previous study demonstrated that silencing of the AChE gene blocked the interaction between cytochrome c and apoptotic protease-activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) in etoposide-induced apoptosis of HT-29 cells. We undertook this study to further dissect the molecular role of AChE in apoptosome formation.

A purified extract from Clematis mandshurica prevents staurosporin-induced downregulation of 14-3-3 and subsequent apoptosis on rat chondrocytes.

Objective: To dissect the mechanism of the protection of staurosporin-induced apoptosis on rat chondrocytes by a purified extract from Clematis mandshurica.

Design: Primary cultured rat articular chondrocytes as well as RCJ3.1C.

Application of newly developed amniotic membrane ointment for photorefractive keratectomy in rabbits.

We developed amniotic membrane ointment (AMO), and the effect of instilling the AMO after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) was investigated with respect to inflammatory cell infiltration into the corneal stroma, apoptosis of keratocytes, and suppression of lipid peroxidation of cellular walls. The PRK procedure was performed on both eyes of 10 white rabbits. One eye of each rabbit (the experimental eye) was instilled with the AMO and the other eye of the rabbit (the control eye) with a base ointment 0, 8 and 16 h after the PRK procedure.

Clematis mandshurica protected to apoptosis of rat chondrocytes.

Objective: To investigate the effect of SKI 306X, a purified extract from the mixture of three herbs, i.e. Clematis mandshurica, Trichosanthes kirilowii and Prunella vulgaris, on apoptosis in chondrocytes.

Trichostatin A induces apoptosis of p815 mastocytoma cells in histone acetylation- and mitochondria-dependent fashion.

Although inhibition of histone deacetylase has been demonstrated to induce apoptosis of various cancer cells, there is no report on its effect on mast cell demise to date. Here we studied whether a histone deacetylase inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA) produces apoptosis in p815 mastocytoma cells. TSA prominently increased the amount of acetylated histones, H3, H4, H2A and H2B, in p815 mastocytoma cells.

Acetylcholinesterase plays a pivotal role in apoptosome formation.

Although a recent study (Zhang et al. Cell Death Differ 2002; 9; 790-800) presented that acetylcholinesterase (AChE) might be an important common component in leading to various types of apoptosis, the molecular mechanism, by which AChE functions, had remained elusive before that study. We explored the role of AChE in apoptosis by silencing the AChE gene.