Factors affecting mortality in COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis: An international ID-IRI study.

Background: This study aimed to identify factors that influence the mortality rate of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data from 23 centers across 15 countries, spanning the period of March 2020 to December 2021, were retrospectively collected. The study population comprised patients who developed invasive pulmonary aspergillosis while being treated for COVID-19 in the intensive care unit.

Serum myeloperoxidase, paraoxonase, and plasma asprosin concentrations in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the serum biomarkers myeloperoxidase (MPO), paraoxonase (PON), and plasma asprosin in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) diagnosis and assess their compatibility with routinely screened cardiac biomarkers.

Methods: This study was conducted using a prospective cross-sectional design and included 90 patients, consisting of 60 patients diagnosed with AMI (30 with ST-segment elevation and 30 with non-ST-segment elevation on ECG) and 30 controls (without a diagnosis of AMI). Changes in the levels of cardiac biomarkers (Hs-cTnI, CK, CK-MB), lipid profile (TC, TG, LDL, HDL), MPO, PON, asprosin, and routine biochemical parameters of patients were evaluated.

Neural correlates of mental state decoding and mental state reasoning in schizophrenia.

Theory of mind skills are disrupted in schizophrenia. However, various theory of mind tasks measure different neurocognitive domains. This multimodal neuroimaging study aimed to investigate the neuroanatomical correlates of mental state decoding and reasoning components of theory of mind in schizophrenia and healthy controls (HCs) using T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted (DTI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Remission rates and risk factors for relapse in pediatric morphea: a multicenter retrospective study of Pediatric Rheumatology Academy (PeRA)-Research Group (RG).

Aim: Morphea, also known as localized scleroderma, is an immune-mediated disease and the most common form of scleroderma in children. It is a localized sclerosing disease of the skin, but can also involve such adjacent tissues as the fascia, muscle, bone, and underlying tissues. This multicenter study aimed to evaluate Turkish pediatric morphea patients, regarding demographics, treatments, and response to treatment.

The Relationship Between Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Major Depression.

Introduction: Cardiovascular risk in depression has been investigated in small clinical samples and population-based studies revealing inconclusive results. However, cardiovascular risk in drug-naive depressed patients has not been tested extensively.

Methods: Body mass index-based Framingham Cardiovascular Risk Scores and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) levels were used to assess the risk of cardiovascular disease in drug-naive depressed patients and healthy volunteers.

Social Cognition in Opioid Use Disorder.

Opioid use disorder (OUD) is associated with significant functional impairment and neurocognitive dysfunction, but only a handful of studies have investigated social cognitive abilities in this condition. This study aimed to investigate facial emotion recognition accuracy/biases and two different aspects of theory of mind (ToM) (ToM-decoding vs ToM-reasoning) in people with recovered OUD. The participants included 32 people with recovered OUD who were on Buprenorphine + Naloxone (B/N) maintenance treatment and 32 healthy controls.

Choroidal structural analysis in ultra-high risk and first-episode psychosis.

Both structural and functional alterations in the retina and the choroid of the eye, as parts of the central nervous system, have been shown in psychotic disorders, especially in schizophrenia. In addition, genetic and imaging studies indicate vascular and angiogenesis anomalies in the psychosis spectrum disorders. In this ocular imaging study, choroidal structure and vascularity were investigated using enhanced depth imaging (EDI) optical coherence tomography (OCT) in first-episode psychosis (FEP), ultra-high risk for psychosis (UHR-P), and age- and gender- matched healthy controls (HCs).

Sleep-dependent memory consolidation in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Sleep disturbances and cognitive impairment are both persistent and common features of schizophrenia. Accumulating evidence indicates that sleep-dependent memory consolidation might be impaired in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. The current systematic review was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

Exome sequencing of 20,979 individuals with epilepsy reveals shared and distinct ultra-rare genetic risk across disorder subtypes.

Identifying genetic risk factors for highly heterogeneous disorders like epilepsy remains challenging. Here, we present the largest whole-exome sequencing study of epilepsy to date, with >54,000 human exomes, comprising 20,979 deeply phenotyped patients from multiple genetic ancestry groups with diverse epilepsy subtypes and 33,444 controls, to investigate rare variants that confer disease risk. These analyses implicate seven individual genes, three gene sets, and four copy number variants at exome-wide significance.

Patients with Alzheimer's disease dementia show partially preserved parietal 'hubs' modeled from resting-state alpha electroencephalographic rhythms.

Introduction: Graph theory models a network by its nodes (the fundamental unit by which graphs are formed) and connections. 'Degree' hubs reflect node centrality (the connection rate), while 'connector' hubs are those linked to several clusters of nodes (mainly long-range connections).

Methods: Here, we compared hubs modeled from measures of interdependencies of between-electrode resting-state eyes-closed electroencephalography (rsEEG) rhythms in normal elderly (Nold) and Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) participants.

Validation of the Turkish translation of the low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) score.

Background: Long-term bowel dysfunction after resection for rectal cancer, known as low anterior resection syndrome (LARS), is observed in many patients. The LARS score was developed to assess this syndrome and its impact on the quality of life in Danish patients. Recently versions in English and many other languages have been validated.

Methotrexate for recurrent chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: A randomized, controlled, phase 2 clinical trial.

Objective: This randomized, controlled, open-label, phase 2 clinical trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of low-dose methotrexate as maintenance therapy for recurrent postoperative chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs).

Methods: Forty-one patients with CRSwNPs who experienced postoperative polyp recurrence(s) were randomly divided into three groups to receive one of the following treatments for 8 weeks: daily intranasal mometasone furoate monohydrate 200 mcg (control [intranasal corticosteroids (INCS)] arm, n = 13]); daily per oral methylprednisolone 8 mg (oral corticosteroids [OCS] arm, n = 14); and once weekly per oral 10 mg methotrexate (MTX arm, n = 14). All patients were assessed at three clinical visits according to the Lund-Kennedy endoscopic grading system (LKES), visual analog scale (VAS), Turkish version of the Sinonasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22), peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF), butanol olfactory threshold test (BuOT), serum total IgE level, presence of peripheral eosinophilia, serum biochemical assays, and adverse events.

Social Information Processing and Executive Functions in Male Children and Adolescents with Internet Gaming Disorder.

In recent years, in addition to its clinical importance, interest in the social-cognitive aspect of internet gaming disorder (IGD) has increased. This study aimed to investigate autistic traits, executive functions, and self-regulation abilities of patients with IGD. Eighty-seven male patients with IGD and eighty-three male healthy controls (HC) were included in the study.

Reduced power and phase-locking values were accompanied by thalamus, putamen, and hippocampus atrophy in Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment: an event-related oscillation study.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifaceted neurodegenerative disorder accompanied by mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as a crucial nonmotor manifestation. Event-related oscillations (EROs) are suggested to reflect cognitive status associated with subcortical structures in neurodegenerative conditions. In this study, 36 individuals with PD-MCI and 32 PD-CN were compared with 60 healthy control (HC) participants using visual EROs by measures of event-related spectral perturbation and inter-trial coherence, along with subcortical gray matter volumes based on the FIRST algorithm.

Hyperconnectivity matters in early-onset Alzheimer's disease: a resting-state EEG connectivity study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to differentiate individuals with early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) and identify differences of functional connectivity in resting-state EEG between individuals with EOAD and late-onset AD (LOAD) in comparison with both healthy young and elderly individuals.

Methods: Forty EOAD and 56 LOAD patients were included along with 51 demographically matched young, and 54 elderly healthy individuals as controls to the EOAD and LOAD groups. Four minutes of resting-state EEG were recorded during the eyes-closed condition.

The reliability of P300 and the influence of age, gender and education variables in a 50 years and older normative sample.

Objectives: The present study aims to investigate the effects of age, gender, and level of education on P300 in a healthy population, aged 50 years and over; and determine the reliability metrics for different conditions and measurement methods.

Method: Auditory and visual oddball recordings of 171 healthy adults were investigated. A fully automated preprocessing was applied to elicit ERP P300.

Social cognition and empathy in adults with obsessive compulsive disorder: A meta-analysis.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and compulsions and has been associated with psychosocial impairment. Indeed, a number of studies have highlighted impairments in both social cognitive functions and empathic skills in OCD, despite several inconsistencies. This study aimed to investigate social cognitive dysfunction and empathy deficits in patients with OCD using a meta-analytic approach.

Referential noun phrases distribute differently in Turkish speakers with schizophrenia.

In all human languages, noun phrases (NPs) (e.g., 'a field', 'the woman with a book') are used to identify entities in discourse.

Noninvasive Hemoglobin Measurement Reduce Invasive Procedures in Thalassemia Patients.

This study was conducted to investigate the agreement between laboratory hemoglobin (LabHb) measured in venous blood and noninvasive, spectrophotometric hemoglobin (SpHb) measurement and the usability of SpHb measurement in the transfusion decision-making in patients with thalassemia whose hemoglobin (Hb) was monitored by taking blood samples at frequent intervals and who were transfused. Cardiac pulse, oxygen saturation, Pleth variability index (PVI), and SpHb values were measured in patients who came to the hematology outpatient clinic for a control visit and whose Hb levels were planned to be measured. Venous blood samples were taken for LabHb measurement, which we accept as the gold standard.

Improvement of Work Productivity and Quality of Life with Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Treatment Used in Crohn's Disease in Routine Clinical Practice in Turkey.

Background: Patients with Crohn's disease experience major deterioration in work productivity and quality of life. We aimed to provide the long-term effects of anti-tumor necrosis factor agents on work productivity and activity impairment and quality of life in patients with Crohn's disease using the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire and the Short-Form Health Survey-36.

Methods: Patients with Crohn's disease and initiated an anti-tumor necrosis factor treatment were included and followed up for 12 months in this observational study.

Number of Episodes Can Be Used as a Disease Activity Measure in Familial Mediterranean Fever.

Objective: To evaluate the number of episodes in the past 12 months as an indicator of the overall disease activity status in Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients were recruited from tertiary pediatric hospitals. Demographic data, main clinical symptoms of the episodes, treatment modalities, and genetic mutations were recorded.