Utilization and outcomes of life-supporting interventions in older ICU patients in Japan: a nationwide registry study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of life-supporting interventions and the short-term outcomes of older patients in ICUs in Japan.

Methods: All adult patients admitted to ICUs participating in the Japanese Intensive Care Patient Database (JIPAD) from April 1, 2015, to March 31, 2022, were eligible for inclusion. Information, including life-supporting interventions, was retrieved from the database.

Efficacy of Quantra-Qplus System for Rapid Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypofibrinogenemia and Thrombocytopenia After Cardiopulmonary Bypass.

Objectives: To assess whether the Quantra-Qplus can provide the cutoff values for predicting transfusion thresholds after cardiopulmonary bypass.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: Single-center university hospital.

Racial disparity in preoperative C-reactive protein level for predicting prognosis of patients with non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma: INMARC study.

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) is a prognostic biomarker for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, there may be potential racial heterogeneity in distribution and prognostic impact of CRP level. We investigated potential racial differences in distribution and prognostic impact of preoperative CRP among Asian (AS), African American (AA), and Caucasian (CAUC) patients with non-metastatic ccRCC (nmccRCC).

Newly Found Rat CD103 Dendritic Cells Represent a Highly Immunogenic Subpopulation of Type-2 Conventional Dendritic Cells, Corresponding to Known Dendritic Cell Subsets in Mice and Humans.

Dendritic cells (DCs), the primary antigen-presenting cells, have traditionally been identified by CD103 molecules in rats, whereas mouse and human DCs are identified by CD11c molecules. However, this history does not preclude the existence of CD103 DCs in rats. To explore this possibility, we examined MHCII cells in rat spleen and thymus, identifying a novel population of CD103MHCIICD45RCD172a cells.

Structural basis for catalysis and selectivity of phospholipid synthesis by eukaryotic choline-phosphotransferase.

Phospholipids are the most abundant component in lipid membranes and are essential for the structural and functional integrity of the cell. In eukaryotic cells, phospholipids are primarily synthesized de novo through the Kennedy pathway that involves multiple enzymatic processes. The terminal reaction is mediated by a group of cytidine-5'-diphosphate (CDP)-choline /CDP-ethanolamine-phosphotransferases (CPT/EPT) that use 1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) and CDP-choline or CDP-ethanolamine to produce phosphatidylcholine (PC) or phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) that are the main phospholipids in eukaryotic cells.

Use of Internet/Application-Based E-consults by General Practitioners in Japan to Resolve Patients' Problems: A Descriptive Observational Study.

Introduction Electronic consultations (e-consults) refer to digital health technologies that enhance clinical information sharing and improve patients' access to expert healthcare providers. This study aims to describe the current utilization of the Internet/application-based e-consult system and to assess how effectively it resolves clinical questions. Methods Participants were general practitioners (GPs) who had installed the e-consult platform on their personal computers or cell phones.

Peach component-specific IgE measurement helps to differentiate between local and systemic reactions in peach-allergic Japanese patients.

Background: Component-resolved diagnostics are used to diagnose food allergies. Currently, reports on sensitization profiles using peach-allergen components in a multicenter setting are lacking. In this study, sensitization profiling of peach allergy was performed to evaluate the clinical utility of each component specific-immunoglobulin E antibody (sIgE ab) test.

Treatment of Unruptured Large and Giant Carotid Cavernous Aneurysms in Japan at the Time of Flow Diverter Introduction: A Nationwide, Multicenter Survey by the Japanese Society on Surgery for Cerebral Stroke.

Background: Flow diverters (FDs) have been introduced for the management of large or giant cavernous carotid aneurysms (CCAs) in addition to conventional modalities, dramatically changing treatment strategies. The aim of this study was to examine the management of unruptured large/giant CCAs in Japan when FDs were being introduced using a nationwide survey.

Methods: 540 unruptured large/giant CCAs treated at neurosurgical teaching departments in Japan between 2012 and 2016 were retrospectively studied.

Superior Maximization of Sphenoidotomy With Olfaction Preservation in Endoscopic Endonasal Surgery.

In endoscopic endonasal surgery for anterior skull base lesions, maximizing the anterior sphenoidotomy in the superior part is crucial for direct visualization and creating a wide working corridor. Here, we describe a technique we devised that maximizes upper anterior sphenoidotomy while preserving the olfactory mucosa. Laryngoscope, 2024.

Impact of platelet-lymphocyte ratio after robot-assisted partial nephrectomy with renorrhaphy.

Renorrhaphy is often performed after tumor resection during robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RAPN). This study aimed to investigate the association between renorrhaphy performance and inflammatory markers. A retrospective cohort study was conducted including patients with renal cell carcinoma who underwent RAPN at eight institutions in Japan between April 2016 and November 2023.

Health Utility of Pain Response Versus Nonresponse to Palliative Radiation Therapy for Symptomatic Bone Metastases: Analyses Based on Real-World Data from 26 Centers.

Utility values of responders and nonresponders are essential inputs in cost-effectiveness studies of radiation therapy for painful bone metastases but, to our knowledge, they have not been reported separately. We sought to determine the utility values of responders and nonresponders using data from a prospective observational study on bone metastases. The original prospective observational study was conducted at 26 centers in Japan.

Isatuximab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone in frail individuals with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma in Japan.

This post-marketing surveillance (PMS) assessed the safety and effectiveness of isatuximab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone (Isa-Pd) for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) in frail individuals during real-world use in Japan. Data from all individuals with RRMM treated with Isa-Pd in Japan between October 2020 and October 2021 were collected, with follow-up continued up to 12 months after starting Isa-Pd or until discontinuation. In the overall PMS population, 40 participants were classified as frail (33.

The Therapeutic Potential of Oral Everolimus for Facial Angiofibromas in Pediatric Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: A Case-Based Analysis of Efficacy.

Background: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by mutations in the TSC1 and TSC2 genes, leading to the dysregulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. This dysregulation results in the development of benign tumors across multiple organ systems and poses significant neurodevelopmental challenges. The clinical manifestations of TSC vary widely and include subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs), renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs), facial angiofibromas (FAs), and neuropsychiatric conditions such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

[Treatment Strategies for Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy].

Three main treatments are available for management of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). Both induction and maintenance therapies should be considered for treatment of CIDP. Plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin therapy are effective as induction treatments for CIDP, and corticosteroid administration, such as daily oral or pulse therapies, may be effective for both induction and maintenance.

Switch to amoxicillin-clavulanate oral therapy in urinary tract infection caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli: Assessment by chronic phase technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid renal Scintigraphy images.

The incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by extensive beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) is increasing, including in children. However, the available oral antibiotic treatment options for ESBL-EC are limited. Herein, we report the cases of two children diagnosed with UTI caused by ESBL-EC (ESBL-UTI) who were switched from empirical intravenous antibiotics in UTI to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (AMPC/CVA) (14:1) after the causative organism was found to be ESBL-EC.

Position statement of the World Endoscopy Organization: Role of endoscopy in screening, diagnosis, and treatment of esophageal superficial squamous neoplasia.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains a significant global health challenge, being the sixth leading cause of cancer mortality with pronounced geographic variability. The incidence rates range from 125 per 100,000 in northern China to 1-1.5 per 100,000 in the United States, driven by environmental and lifestyle factors such as tobacco and alcohol use, dietary habits, and pollution.

Atherogenic Dyslipidemia Is Critically Related to Aortic Complicated Lesions in Cryptogenic Stroke.

Aims: Atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD) is regarded as a residual risk of cardiovascular diseases characterized by low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high triglyceride (TG) levels and related to the intracranial stenosis of atheromatous thrombotic brain infarction (ATBI). Further, atherosclerosis is possibly related to another stroke subtype, including cryptogenic stroke (CS). In particular, an aortic complicated lesion (ACL) is a notable embolic source of CS, since recurrence of aortogenic brain embolism is not rare.

A patient with Parkinson's disease whose sleep status improved after the introduction of continuous subcutaneous foslevodopa/foscarbidopa infusion.

Continuous subcutaneous infusion of foslevodopa/foscarbidopa (LDP/CDP) may be effective in improving daytime symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). We report on a PD patient for whom LDP/CDP treatment improved motor symptoms, sleep disturbances and sleep architecture as measured by the mobile two-channel electroencephalography/electrooculography recording system.

Clinical Outcomes of Endovascular Coil Embolization for Ruptured Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysms.

Objective: Middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms are difficult to treat with coil embolization (CE) due to their location and shape, but the number of CE-treated MCA has gradually increased as treatment techniques have improved. However, the outcomes of CE for ruptured MCA aneurysms are poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of CE for ruptured MCA aneurysms.

Seasonal Variations in Triptan Prescription in Japan: A Nationwide Time-Series Analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate seasonal differences in migraine onset in Japan and associated trends in the prescription of triptan.

Background: The relationship between seasonal changes and the onset of migraine remains largely unknown.

Methods: We combined the large-scale medical claims data in Japan with city-level meteorological data presented by the Japan Weather Association.