18F-Sodium Fluoride PET/CT as a Tool to Assess Enthesopathies in X-Linked Hypophosphatemia.

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a rare metabolic disorder characterized by elevated FGF23 and chronic hypophosphatemia, leading to impaired skeletal mineralization and enthesopathies that are associated with pain, stiffness, and diminished quality of life. The natural history of enthesopathies in XLH remains poorly defined, partly due to absence of a sensitive quantitative tool for assessment and monitoring. This study investigates the utility of 18F-NaF PET/CT scans in characterizing enthesopathies in XLH subjects.

MUC1 and glycan probing of CA19-9 captured biomarkers from cyst fluids and serum provides enhanced recognition of ovarian cancer.

Glycosylation changes of circulating proteins carrying the CA19-9 antigen may offer new targets for detection methods to be explored for the diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Search for assay designs for targets initially captured by a CA19-9 antigen reactive antibody from human body fluids by probing with fluorescent nanoparticles coated with lectins or antibodies to known EOC associated proteins. CA19-9 antigens were immobilized from ascites fluids, ovarian cyst fluids or serum samples using monoclonal antibody C192 followed by probing of carrier proteins using anti-MUC16, anti-MUC1 and, anti STn antibodies and seven lectins, all separately coated on nanoparticles.

Dissociating social reward learning and behavior in alcohol use disorder.

Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with deficits in social cognition and behavior, but why these deficits are acquired is unknown. We hypothesized that a reduced association between actions and outcomes for others, i.e.

Targeting Cytokine-Mediated Inflammation in Brain Disorders: Developing New Treatment Strategies.

Cytokine-mediated inflammation is increasingly recognized for playing a vital role in the pathophysiology of a wide range of brain disorders, including neurodegenerative, psychiatric, and neurodevelopmental problems. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) cause neuroinflammation, alter brain function, and accelerate disease development. Despite progress in understanding these pathways, effective medicines targeting brain inflammation are still limited.

Characterization of RAP Signal Patterns, Temporal Relationships, and Artifact Profiles Derived from Intracranial Pressure Sensors in Acute Traumatic Neural Injury.

Goal: Current methodologies for assessing cerebral compliance using pressure sensor technologies are prone to errors and issues with inter- and intra-observer consistency. RAP, a metric for measuring intracranial compensatory reserve (and therefore compliance), holds promise. It is derived using the moving correlation between intracranial pressure (ICP) and the pulse amplitude of ICP (AMP).

Prototype of a Spring-Loaded Module for Axillary Crutches.

Axillary crutches assist people with lower limb injuries but can lead to upper limb strain with extended use. Spring-loaded crutches offer a potential solution, yet they are rarely tested in clinical settings. This study developed spring-loaded crutches with an integrated force-measuring system to analyze gait dynamics.

and Interventions Reveal the Health Benefits of Levan-Type Exopolysaccharide Produced by a Fish Gut Isolate FW2.

Microorganisms synthesize diverse types of exopolysaccharides (EPSs). EPSs with varying structural and physical properties can demonstrate unique health benefits, which allow for their tailored applications as functional foods such as prebiotics. Levan, a fructose-based EPS, is gaining considerable attention as an effective prebiotic to support the growth of beneficial gut bacteria.

Botulinum Toxin: A Comprehensive Review of Its Molecular Architecture and Mechanistic Action.

Botulinum toxin (BoNT), the most potent substance known to humans, likely evolved not to kill but to serve other biological purposes. While its use in cosmetic applications is well known, its medical utility has become increasingly significant due to the intricacies of its structure and function. The toxin's structural complexity enables it to target specific cellular processes with remarkable precision, making it an invaluable tool in both basic and applied biomedical research.

Potential of Trilayered Gelatin/Polycaprolactone Nanofibers for Periodontal Regeneration: An In Vitro Study.

Over the past few years, biomaterial-based periodontal tissue engineering has gained popularity. An ideal biomaterial for treating periodontal defects is expected to stimulate periodontal-derived cells, allowing them to contribute most efficiently to tissue reconstruction. The present study focuses on evaluating the in vitro behavior of human periodontal ligament-derived stromal cells (hPDL-MSCs) when cultured on gelatin/Polycaprolactone prototype (GPP) and volume-stable collagen matrix (VSCM).

Data Mining Models in Prediction of Vancomycin-Intermediate in Methicillin-Resistant (MRSA) Bacteremia Patients in a Clinical Care Setting.

Vancomycin-intermediate (VISA) is a multi-drug-resistant pathogen of significant clinical concern. Various strains can cause infections, from skin and soft tissue infections to life-threatening conditions such as bacteremia and pneumonia. VISA infections, particularly bacteremia, are associated with high mortality rates, with 34% of patients succumbing within 30 days.

Methicillin-Resistant : The Shifting Landscape in the United Arab Emirates.

Background: Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is a significant burden globally, particularly in the Arabian Gulf region. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has experienced rising MRSA prevalence, with increasing diversity in the clonal complexes (CCs) identified. The COVID-19 pandemic, with its increased hospitalization rates and antibiotic use, may have further influenced MRSA's genetic evolution and epidemiology in the country.

Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Algae-Derived Compounds in Hematological Malignancies.

Algae are a rich source of bioactive compounds that have a wide range of beneficial effects on human health and can show significant potential in the treatment of hematological malignancies such as leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. These diseases often pose a therapeutic challenge despite recent advances in treatment (e.g.

Evaluating the Quality of Real-World Data on Adherence to Oral Endocrine Therapy in Breast Cancer Patients: How Real Is Real-World Data?

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare estimates of adherence to oral endocrine therapy (OET) based on real-world data (RWD) and on clinical evaluation in people diagnosed with breast cancer in the public healthcare system in Catalonia (Spain).

Methods: We conducted two retrospective cohort studies. Cohort 1 (RWD) consisted of women diagnosed with breast cancer in 2021 in the public healthcare system of Catalonia (Spain).

: Precise Proteomics Technology for Mapping Receptor Protein Neighborhoods at the Cancer Cell Surface.

Cell surface receptors are pivotal to cancer cell transformation, disease progression, metastasis, early detection, targeted therapy, drug responses, and clinical outcomes. Since they coordinate complex signaling communication networks in the tumor microenvironment, mapping the physical interaction partners of cell surface receptors in vivo is vital for understanding their roles, functional states, and suitability as therapeutic targets. Yet traditional methods like immunoprecipitation and affinity purification-mass spectrometry often fail to detect key but weak or transient receptor-protein interactions.

Is There a Role for Daratumumab Retreatment in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma?

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic disease characterized by the clonal expansion of malignant plasma cells that accumulate in the bone marrow, leading to osteolytic bone disease, hypercalcemia, anemia, and renal dysfunction. Daratumumab was the first monoclonal anti-CD38 antibody approved for the treatment of MM, initially in relapse/refractory settings and, more recently, for newly diagnosed patients. Increased first-line usage of daratumumab will also substantially change treatment approaches for patients with relapsed/refractory disease.

The Progression of Mycosis Fungoides During Treatment with Mogamulizumab: A BIO-MUSE Case Study of the Tumor and Immune Response in Peripheral Blood and Tissue.

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is a rare malignancy, with an indolent course in the early stages of the disease. However, due to major molecular and clinical heterogeneity, patients at an advanced stage of the disease have variable responses to treatment and considerably reduced life expectancy. Today, there is a lack of specific markers for the progression from early to advanced stages of the disease.

Clinically oriented automatic three-dimensional enamel segmentation via deep learning.

Background: Establishing accurate, reliable, and convenient methods for enamel segmentation and analysis is crucial for effectively planning endodontic, orthodontic, and restorative treatments, as well as exploring the evolutionary patterns of mammals. However, no mature, non-destructive method currently exists in clinical dentistry to quickly, accurately, and comprehensively assess the integrity and thickness of enamel chair-side. This study aims to develop a deep learning work, 2.

Prevalence of dengue and leptospirosis coinfection and associated mortality rates: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Dengue and leptospirosis are prominent vector-borne diseases in tropical and subtropical regions, sharing overlapping geographic distribution and clinical presentations, which complicates diagnosis and management. Co-infection of these pathogens places additional strain on healthcare resources in endemic areas. This study aims to systematically estimate the prevalence and mortality rates of dengue and leptospirosis co-infections and assess their clinical implications.

[Durability of the anti-demineralization effects of fluoride varnish on dental root surfaces: An study].

Objective: To study the durability of the anti-demineralization effects of fluoride varnish after being applied to dental root surfaces.

Methods: Coronal and radicular dentin samples were prepared from extracted human teeth. Duraphat (DP) was applied to the dentine surfaces to form a protective film.

V3+ extends the V3 framework to ensure user-centricity and scalability of sensor-based digital health technologies.

We propose the addition of usability validation to the extended V3 framework, now "V3+", and describe a pragmatic approach to ensuring that sensor-based digital health technologies can be used optimally at scale by diverse users. Alongside the original V3 components (verification; analytical validation; clinical validation), usability validation will ensure user-centricity of digital measurement tools, paving the way for more inclusive, reliable, and trustworthy digital measures within clinical research and clinical care.

Occurrence of Leishmania spp. in phlebotomine sand flies and dogs in Guelma region, North-eastern Algeria.

Leishmania spp. are sand fly-borne parasitic protozoa of worldwide distribution that may severely affect the health and welfare of dogs as well as of other mammalian species, including humans. Algeria is among the most affected countries, counting several cases of Leishmania infantum infection in humans and dogs.

Arsenic speciation in freshwater fish using high performance liquid chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Arsenic speciation in freshwater fish is crucial for providing meaningful consumption guidelines that allow the public to make informed decisions regarding its consumption. While marine fish have attracted much research interest due to their higher arsenic content, research on freshwater fish is limited due to the challenges in quantifying and identifying arsenic species present at trace levels. We describe here a sensitive method and its application to the quantification of arsenic species in freshwater fish.

Mechanical thrombectomy in elderly stroke patients with low ASPECTS: insights from STAR.

Background: The elderly population (≥80 years) were underrepresented in recent trials of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for anterior circulation large vessel occlusion acute ischemic stroke (LVO-AIS) with low Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) (≤5).

Methods: This study analyzed data from a prospectively maintained database of 37 thrombectomy centers. The primary cohort of the study comprised patients with LVO-AIS aged ≥80 who underwent EVT with ASPECTS≤5 from 2013 to 2023.

Fingolimod and risk of skin cancer among individuals with multiple sclerosis: a population-based cohort study protocol.

Introduction: Long-term population-based safety studies, applying advanced causal inference techniques, including an active comparator with new-user design, are needed to investigate skin cancer outcomes among individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with fingolimod. This study aims to describe a protocol for investigating the relationship between fingolimod use and the incidence of skin cancer among individuals with MS.

Methods And Analysis: We will use population-based administrative health data from two Canadian provinces (British Columbia and Alberta) to conduct an observational cohort 'trial emulation' study with an active comparator and new-user design.

Wet adhesives for hard tissues.

The development of wet adhesives capable of bonding in aqueous environments, particularly for hard tissues such as bone, tooth, and cartilage, remains a significant challenge in material chemistry and biomedical research. Currently available hard tissue adhesives in clinical practice lack well-defined wet adhesion properties. Nature offers valuable inspiration through the adhesive mechanisms of marine organisms, advancing the design of bioinspired wet adhesives.