The Role of Levodopa Challenge in Predicting the Outcome of Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation.

Background: Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) is an effective and evidence-based treatment for idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD). A minority of patients does not sufficiently benefit from STN-DBS.

Objective: The predictive validity of the levodopa challenge for individual patients is analyzed.

Punding in Parkinson's Disease: An Update.

Background: Punding is a stereotyped behavior characterized by an intense fascination with a complex, excessive, non-goal oriented, repetitive activity affecting individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) on dopamine replacement therapy (DRT).

Objectives: In 2010, we published the first review focused on the pathophysiology of punding. This study aims to systematically review the literature of the past decade on punding in PD, particularly focusing on the clinical features, underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, and treatment.

Feasibility and acceptability of remote smartphone cognitive testing in frontotemporal dementia research.

Introduction: Remote smartphone assessments of cognition, speech/language, and motor functioning in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) could enable decentralized clinical trials and improve access to research. We studied the feasibility and acceptability of remote smartphone data collection in FTD research using the ALLFTD Mobile App (ALLFTD-mApp).

Methods: A diagnostically mixed sample of 214 participants with FTD or from familial FTD kindreds (asymptomatic: CDR®+NACC-FTLD = 0 [ = 101]; prodromal: 0.

Parkinson's Disease-Cognitive Rating Scale (PD-CRS): Normative Data and Mild Cognitive Impairment Assessment in Brazil.

Background: The Parkinson's Disease-Cognitive Rating Scale (PD-CRS) assesses posterior-cortical and frontal-subcortical cognitive functioning and distinguishes mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD-MCI); however, it was not evaluated in Brazil.

Objectives: To investigate PD-CRS's reliability, validity, normative data, and accuracy for PD-MCI screening in Brazil.

Methods: The effects of age, education, and sex on PD-CRS scores were explored.

Functional Movement Disorders and Deep Brain Stimulation: A Multi-Center Study.

Background: Functional movement disorders (FMD) are a commonly under-recognized diagnosis in patients with underlying neurodegenerative diseases. FMD have been observed in patients undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson's disease (PD) and other movement disorders. The prevalence of coexisting FMD among movement disorder-related DBS patients is unknown, and it may occur more often than previously recognized.

Clinical Features of Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: Critical Review of Objective Findings.

Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is characterized by the classic clinical triad of gait, cognitive, and urinary dysfunction, albeit incomplete in a relevant proportion of patients. The clinical findings and evolution of these symptoms have been variably defined in the literature.

Objectives: To evaluate how the phenomenology has been defined, assessed, and reported, we performed a critical review of the existing literature discussing the phenomenology of iNPH.

Task Force Consensus on Nosology and Cut-Off Values for Axial Postural Abnormalities in Parkinsonism.

Background: There is no consensus with regard to the nosology and cut-off values for postural abnormalities in parkinsonism.

Objective: To reach a consensus regarding the nosology and cut-off values.

Methods: Using a modified Delphi panel method, multiple rounds of questionnaires were conducted by movement disorder experts to define nosology and cut-offs of postural abnormalities.

Periodic Limb Movements while Awake () as a Manifestation of Wearing-Off in Parkinson's Disease: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Background: Periodic limb movements while awake (PLMA) are similar to Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) but occurring during wakefulness and seen in association with restless leg syndrome (RLS).

Objectives: To describe PLMA as a wearing-off phenomenon in Parkinson's Disease (PD).

Methods: We describe four individuals with PD and PLMS, who had associated similar periodic and stereotypic lower extremity movements during wakefulness, thought to be secondary to PLMA, and were highly responsive to dopaminergic treatment.

Spastic Paraplegia Type 7 and Movement Disorders: Beyond the Spastic Paraplegia.

Background: Spastic paraplegia type 7 (SPG7) mutations can present either as a pure form or a complex phenotype with movement disorders.

Objective: Describe the main features of subjects with SPG7 mutations associated with movement disorders.

Methods: We analyzed the clinical and paraclinical information of subjects with SPG7 mutations associated with movement disorders.

Milestones in Tremor Research: 10 Years Later.

Major progress has occurred during the last decade in the field of tremor. From the clinical standpoint, a new classification has completely revised the nosology of tremor syndromes and has re-conceptualized essential tremor as a syndrome rather than a single disease entity, fueling an ongoing enlightened debate. Significant advances have been obtained in terms of instrumental measurement of tremor, remarking on the possibility of developing novel treatment strategies based on tremor characteristics, namely tremor-phase.

Neuroimaging Pearls from the MDS Congress Video Challenge. Part 1: Genetic Disorders.

We selected several "imaging pearls" presented during the Movement Disorder Society (MDS) Video Challenge for this review. While the event, as implicated by its name, was video-centered, we would like to emphasize the important role of imaging in making the correct diagnosis. We divided this anthology into two parts: genetic and acquired disorders.

An Open-Label Phase 2a Study to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of Perampanel in Cervical Dystonia.

Background: Cervical dystonia (CD) is the most common focal isolated dystonia. Preclinical studies report that AMPA-selective glutamate receptor antagonists improve dystonia. Perampanel is a clinically available, AMPA receptor antagonist that has shown efficacy and safety in epilepsy.

Multiculturalism: A Challenge for Cognitive Screeners in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Dementia Rating Scale-2 (DRS-2) are recommended screeners for Parkinson's disease mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI). Cross-cultural studies examining their diagnostic precision have not addressed cultural bias in a multicultural setting.

Objectives: To compare DRS-2 and MoCA performance between patients born in Canada, the USA, and the UK (Anglosphere group) and immigrant patients born elsewhere (International group).